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Base Editing Reduces Misfolded Protein Accumulation and Toxicity in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficient Patient iPSC-Hepatocytes

ABSTRACT: Base Editing Reduces Misfolded Protein Accumulation and Toxicity in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficient Patient iPSC-Hepatocytes

PROVIDER: PRJNA740069 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Base Editing Reduces Misfolded Protein Accumulation and Toxicity in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficient Patient iPSC-Hepatocytes

Project description:Base Editing Reduces Misfolded Protein Accumulation and Toxicity in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficient Patient iPSC-Hepatocytes

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Project description:In this study, we sought to thoroughly characterize the liver pathophysiology of a human transgenic mouse model for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) with a strong manifestation of AATD-mediated liver disease. Male and female transgenic mice for normal variant human alpha-1 antitrypsin (Pi*M) and mutant human alpha-1 antitrypsin (Pi*Z) at 3 and 6 months of age with a C57BL/6J background were subjected to study. The progression of hepatic accumulation of mutant alpha-1 antitrypsin (ZAAT), hepatocyte injury, steatosis, liver inflammation and fibrotic features of this mouse model were monitored by performing an in vivo study.

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Hepatic processing of Z variant α-1-antitrypsin alters ERAD capacity to regulate cholesterol biosynthesis in a zebrafish model

Project description:Homozygosity for the Z allele of α1-antitrypsin (ZAAT) predisposes affected individuals to developing liver disease as the serpin misfolds and forms insoluble polymers that accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of hepatocytes, resulting in gain-of-function hepatotoxicity. This prevents secretion of ZAAT leading to serum insufficiency. A zebrafish model expressing human ZAAT in the liver shows no signs of hepatic accumulation despite displaying serum insufficiency, suggesting defect in ZAAT secretion occurs independently of its tendency to accumulate in hepatocytes. In this study, proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of the ZAAT-expressing zebrafish liver provided strong evidence of suppressed Srebp2-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis. qPCR confirms this observation in the human liver cell line stably expressing ZAAT. We proposed that the engagement of misfolded ZAAT by the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) system inhibits the turnover of Srebp2-repressing elements therefore hindering the activation of Srebp2. Protein quality control factors was manipulated to dissect the intracellular processing of ZAAT further mechanistically. Ablation of erlec1 resulted in a further suppression in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, confirming a role of this ER lectin in targeting misfolded ZAAT to ERAD. Deletion of the two ER mannosidase I homologs in zebrafish enhanced ZAAT secretion without inducing hepatic accumulation. Together, the present study provides novel insights into hepatic ZAAT processing and suggest potential therapeutic targets to improve ZAAT secretion and alleviate serum insufficiency in this form of α1-antitrypsin disease.

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Project description:Mutations in the gene encoding surfactant protein C (SFTPC) have been linked to interstitial lung disease in children and adults. Expression of the index mutation, SP-Cdeltaexon4, in transiently transfected cells and type II cells of transgenic mice resulted in misfolding of the proprotein, activation of ER stress pathways and cytotoxicity. In the current study we show that stably transfected cells adapted to chronic ER stress imposed by constitutive expression of SP-Cdeltaexon4 via an NF-kB-dependent pathway. However, infection of cells expressing SP-Cdeltaexon4 with respiratory syncytial virus resulted in significantly enhanced cytotoxicity associated with accumulation of the mutant proprotein, pronounced activation of the unfolded protein response and cell death. Adaptation to chronic ER stress imposed by misfolded SP-C was associated with increased susceptibility to viral-induced cell death. The wide variability in the age of onset of ILD in patients with SFTPC mutations may be related to exposure to an environmental insult that ultimately overwhelms the homeostatic, cytoprotective response. Keywords: transcriptional response to misfolded protein due to genetic modification

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Project description:Adenine Base Editing Reduces Misfolded Protein Accumulation and Toxicity in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficient Patient iPSC-Hepatocytes

| PRJNA733506 | ENA

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