Terahertz Exposure Enhances Neuronal Synaptic Transmission and Oligodendrocyte Differentiation in vitro
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PROVIDER: PRJNA740248 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Terahertz (THz) frequency occupies a large portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is between the infrared and microwave region. Recent advances in THz application have stimulated interests regarding the biological effects associated with this frequency range. In current study, we report that irradiation with a single-frequency THz laser on primary mice cortical neuron cultures and oligodendrocyte cultures results in dose dependent irradiation specific changes in cellular function and gene expression. In neuron cultures, THz irradiation increases excitatory synaptic transmission and neuronal firing activities. Microarray assay reveals neuronal gene expression dynamics after THz exposure, which are highly consistent with morphology and electrophysiology results. Besides, certain schedule of THz irradiation inhibits the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and promotes OPC differentiation. Notably, the myelination process in neuron-oligodendrocyte cocultures is enhanced after THz exposure. In summary, our observations suggest that THz irradiation in certain frequency can modulate the functions of neuron and oligodendrocyte, with different sensitivity to THz between neuronal cell types. These results may provide important understanding of the mechanisms that govern THz interactions with nervous systems and suggest THz wave as a new strategy for neuromodulation.
2021-12-01 | GSE178729 | GEO
Project description:Terahertz (THz) frequency occupies a large portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is between the infrared and microwave regions. Recent advances in THz application have stimulated interests regarding the biological effects within this frequency range. In the current study, we report that irradiation with a single-frequency THz laser on mice cortical neuron cultures increases excitatory synaptic transmission and neuronal firing activities. Microarray assay reveals gene expression dynamics after THz exposure, which is consistent with morphology and electrophysiology results. Besides, certain schedule of THz irradiation inhibits the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and promotes OPC differentiation. Of note, the myelination process is enhanced after THz exposure. In summary, our observations suggest that THz irradiation can modulate the functions of different neuronal cells, with different sensitivity to THz. These results provide important understanding of the mechanisms that govern THz interactions with nervous systems and suggest THz wave as a new strategy for neuromodulation.
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Project description:The autism-associated synaptic-adhesion gene Neuroligin-4 (NLGN4) is poorly conserved evolutionarily, limiting conclusions from Nlgn4 mouse models for human cells. Here, we show that the cellular and subcellular expression of human and murine Neuroligin-4 differ, with human Neuroligin-4 primarily expressed in cerebral cortex and localized to excitatory synapses. Overexpression of NLGN4 in human neurons resulted in an increase in excitatory synapse numbers but a remarkable decrease in synaptic strength. Human neurons carrying the syndromic autism mutation NLGN4-R704C also formed more excitatory synapses but with increased functional synaptic transmission due to a postsynaptic mechanism, while genetic loss of NLGN4 did not significantly affect synapses in the human neurons analyzed. Thus, the NLGN4-R704C mutation represents a change of function mutation. Our work reveals contrasting roles of NLGN4 in human and mouse neurons, suggesting human evolution has impacted even fundamental cell biological processes generally assumed to be highly conserved.
2019-06-27 | GSE131428 | GEO
Project description:AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), key elements in excitatory neuro-transmission in the brain, are macromolecular complexes whose properties and cellular functions are determined by the co-assembled constituents of their proteome. Here we identify AMPAR complexes that transiently form in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lack the core-subunits typical for AMPARs in the plasma membrane. Central components of these ER AMPARs are the proteome constituents FRRS1l (C9orf4) and CPT1c that specifically and cooperatively bind to the pore-forming GluA1-4 proteins of AMPARs. Bi-allelic mutations in the human FRRS1L gene are shown to cause severe intellectual disability with cognitive impairment, speech delay and epileptic activity. Virus-directed deletion or overexpression of FRRS1l strongly impact synaptic transmission in adult rat brain by decreasing or increasing the number of AMPARs in synapses and extra-synaptic sites. Our results provide insight into the early biogenesis of AMPARs and demonstrate its pronounced impact on synaptic transmission and brain function.
2018-10-17 | PXD006413 | Pride
Project description:Synaptic plasticity has been shown to participate in control of energy homeostasis.The paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) is crucial for satiety control, though the underlying synaptic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that RUVBL2 in the PVH is significantly reduced during energy deficit, and knockout (KO) of PVH RUVBL2 leads to hyperphagic obesity. We further show that KO of PVH RUVBL2 impairs the excitatory synaptic transmission by reducing presynaptic boutons and altering synaptic vesicle distribution. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChlP-seq) data show that RUVBL2 binds to the promoters of numerous genes related to synaptic plasticity, in particular synaptic vesicle and neuron axonogenesis. Meanwhile, RNA-seq data show significant changes in the expression of some genes in these two pathways. Together, this study demonstrates an essential role for PVH RUVBL2 in food intake control, and suggests that modulating synaptic plasticity could be an effective way to curb appetite and obesity.
2024-10-02 | GSE252308 | GEO
Project description:The paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) is crucial for food intake control, yet the presynaptic mechanisms underlying PVH neurons remain unclear. Here, we show that RUVBL2 in the PVH is significantly reduced during energy deficit, and knockout (KO) of PVH RUVBL2 results in hyperphagic obesity in mice. RUVBL2-expressing neurons in the PVH (PVHRUVBL2) exert the anorexigenic effect by projecting to the arcuate hypothalamus, the dorsomedial hypothalamus, and the parabrachial complex. We further demonstrate that PVHRUVBL2 neurons form the synaptic connections with POMC and AgRP neurons in the ARC. PVH RUVBL2 KO impairs the excitatory synaptic transmission by reducing presynaptic boutons and synaptic vesicles near active zone. Finally, RUVBL2 overexpression in the PVH suppresses food intake and protects against diet induced obesity. Together, this study demonstrates an essential role for PVH RUVBL2 in food intake control, and suggests that modulation of synaptic plasticity could be an effective way to curb appetite and obesity.
2024-10-02 | GSE249791 | GEO
Project description:Our previous work confirmed that Brd2+/- mouse presents the sex specific characteristics of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, a subsyndrome of idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Here, we investigated the role of Brd2 gene in modulating the genomic fabrics responsible for the glutamatergic, GABAergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic and serotonergic transmission in the front cortex striata of male mice. Agilent two-color gene expression arrays and the genomic fabric paradigm were used to determine whether the expression and networking of genes involved in the synaptic transmission differ between Brd2+/- and wildtype mice. We found relatively few regulated genes in Brd2+/-mice with respect to their wildtype counterparts. However, most of the regulated genes were directly related to control of anxiety and seizures, justifying the role of Brd2 upstream control of these traits. Agilent mouse two-color gene expression arrays to profile striata of the prefrontal cortices of wildtype (W) and Brd2+/- (H) mouse male (M) adult C57Bl/6j mice. Differently labeled biological replicates were cohybridized with each array. Results of similarly labeled different conditions were compared then averaged for the two fluorescent labels. For instance: MW1 & MW3 were compared with MH1 & MH3, MW2 & MW4 were compared with MH2 & + MH4, and the results of the comparisons averaged. This design uses 100% of the resources, has a better normlaiztion and allows all possible comparisons among the conditions.
2015-09-01 | E-GEOD-72562 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Our previous work confirmed that Brd2+/- mouse presents the sex specific characteristics of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, a subsyndrome of idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Here, we investigated the role of Brd2 gene in modulating the genomic fabrics responsible for the glutamatergic, GABAergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic and serotonergic transmission in the front cortex striata of male mice. Agilent two-color gene expression arrays and the genomic fabric paradigm were used to determine whether the expression and networking of genes involved in the synaptic transmission differ between Brd2+/- and wildtype mice. We found relatively few regulated genes in Brd2+/-mice with respect to their wildtype counterparts. However, most of the regulated genes were directly related to control of anxiety and seizures, justifying the role of Brd2 upstream control of these traits.
2015-09-01 | GSE72562 | GEO