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Organoid-based drug screening reveals neddylation as therapeutic target for malignant rhabdoid tumors

ABSTRACT: Organoid-based drug screening reveals neddylation as therapeutic target for malignant rhabdoid tumors

PROVIDER: PRJNA740252 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Organoid-based drug screening reveals neddylation as therapeutic target for malignant rhabdoid tumors

Project description:Malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT) represent one of the most aggressive childhood malignancies. No effective treatment options are available, and prognosis is therefore dismal. Previous studies have demonstrated that tumor organoids capture the heterogeneity of patient tumors and can be used to predict patient therapy response. Here, we perform drug screening on patient-derived normal and tumor organoids to identify MRT-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. We identify neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 as a potential therapeutic agent. Mechanistically, we find increased neddylation in MRT organoids and tissues and show that MLN4924 induces a cytotoxic response via upregulation of the unfolded protein response. Lastly, we demonstrate in vivo efficacy in an MRT PDX mouse model, in which single agent MLN4924 treatment significantly extends survival. Our study demonstrates that organoids can be used to find drugs selectively targeting tumor cells while leaving healthy cells unharmed and proposes neddylation inhibition as therapeutic strategy in MRT.

2021-06-24 | GSE178737 | GEO

Methylation profiling of Malignant Rhabdoid Tumours

Project description:An observational experiment to methylation profile 79 SMARCB1 negative primary tumours from patients diagnosed with Malignant Rhabdoid Tumours.

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High-Throughput Drug Screening identifies Pazopanib and Clofilium tosylate as effective treatments for malignant rhabdoid tumors

Project description:We used microarrays to compared gene re-expression of SMARCB1 in I2A SMARCB1-deficient rhabdoid tumor cell line.

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Analysis of gene expression in human malignant rhabdoid cells following prolonged treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor, Panobinostat

Project description:We hypothesized that prolonged treatment of malignant rhabdoid tumor cells with low-dose HDACi will drive cellular differentiation. We assessed changes in gene expression following 21 days treatment with the HDACi, Panobinostat, versus a DMSO vehcile control in three human MRT cell lines. Total RNA obtained from three human malignant rhabdoid tumor cell lines (G401, SJSC, STM91-01) cultured for 21 days in the presence of low-dose Panobinostat was compared to 21-day treated DMSO control cells. All treatments and cell lines were performed in triplicate.

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DNA methylation profiling of SMARCB1 reconstitution in malignant rhabdoid tumor organoids

Project description:We have generated DNA methylation profiles for patient-derived malignant rhabdoid tumor organoids and re-expressed SMARCB1 to assess SMARCB1-dependent changes in DNA methylation

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An Organoid Biobank for Childhood Kidney Cancers that Captures Disease and Tissue Heterogeneity

Project description:Kidney tumours are among the most common solid tumours in children, comprising several distinct subtypes differing in many aspects, including cell-of-origin, genetics, and pathology. Pre-clinical cell models capturing the disease heterogeneity are currently lacking. Here, we describe the first paediatric cancer organoid biobank. It contains tumour and matching normal kidney organoids from over 50 children with different subtypes of kidney cancer, including Wilms tumours, malignant rhabdoid tumours, renal cell carcinomas, and congenital mesoblastic nephromas. The malignant rhabdoid tumour organoids represent the first organoid model for tumours of non-epithelial origin. The tumour organoids retain key properties of native tumours, useful for revealing patient-specific drug vulnerabilities. We further demonstrate that organoid cultures derived from Wilms tumours consist of multiple different cell types, including epithelial, stromal and blastemal-like. Our organoid biobank captures the cellular heterogeneity of paediatric kidney tumours, providing a representative collection of well-characterized models for basic cancer research, drug-screening, and personalized medicine.

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The difference of gene expression signatures between CD146+ and CD146- cells in malignant rhabdoid tumor

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MDM2 and MDM4 are Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Malignant Rhabdoid Tumors

Project description:MDM2 and MDM4 are Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Malignant Rhabdoid Tumors

| PRJNA512247 | ENA

Malignant rhabdoid tumors originating within and outside the central nervous system are clinically and molecularly heterogeneous

Project description:Multifocal synchronous or metachronous central nervous system (CNS) and extra-CNS malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) are rare and deadly cancers. To further understand these cancers, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation and CNA analysis in 27 tumors (16 of which were paired samples). 26 samples were newly generated and one sample was from a previously published cohort of MRTs. We compared our results with the previously published reference group of 150 atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors. We showed that that CNS and extra-CNS MRTs for the most part clustered in distinct methylation groups and had heterogeneous molecular characteristics.

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