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A late-stage assembly checkpoint of the human mitochondrial ribosome large subunit

ABSTRACT: A late-stage assembly checkpoint of the human mitochondrial ribosome large subunit

PROVIDER: PRJNA742116 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR14933858_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14933858_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14933859_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14933859_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14933860_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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A late-stage assembly checkpoint of the human mitochondrial ribosome large subunit

Project description:The epitranscriptome plays a key regulatory role in cellular processes in health and disease, including ribosome biogenesis. Here, analysis of the human mitochondrial transcriptome shows that 2’-O-methylation is limited to residues of the mitoribosomal large subunit (mtLSU) 16S mt-rRNA, modified by MRM1, MRM2, and MRM3. Ablation of MRM2 leads to a severe impairment of the oxidative phosphorylation system, caused by defective mitochondrial translation and accumulation of mtLSU assembly intermediates. Structures of these particles (2.58Å) present disordered RNA domains, partial occupancy of bL36m and bound MALSU1:L0R8F8:mtACP anti-association module. Additionally, we present five mtLSU assembly states with different intersubunit interface configurations. Complementation studies demonstrate that the methyltransferase activity of MRM2 is dispensable for mitoribosome biogenesis. The Drosophila melanogaster orthologue, DmMRM2, is an essential gene, with its knock-down leading to developmental arrest. This work identifies a key late-stage quality control step during mtLSU assembly, ultimately contributing to the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis.

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Human GTPBP5 is involved in the late stage of mitoribosome large subunit assembly

Project description:Human mitoribosomes are macromolecular complexes essential for translation of 11 mitochondrial mRNAs. The large and the small mitoribosomal subunits undergo a multistep maturation process that requires the involvement of several factors. Among these factors, GTP-binding proteins (GTPBPs) play an important role as GTP hydrolysis can provide energy throughout the assembly stages. In bacteria, many GTPBPs are needed for the maturation of ribosome subunits and, of particular interest for this study, ObgE has been shown to assist in the 50S subunit assembly. Here, we characterize the role of a related human Obg-family member, GTPBP5. We show that GTPBP5 interacts specifically with the large mitoribosomal subunit (mt-LSU) proteins and several late-stage mitoribosome assembly factors, including NSUN4-MTERF4 complex, MRM2 methyltransferase, MALSU1 and MTG1. Interestingly, we find that interaction of GTPBP5 with the mt-LSU is compromised in the presence of a non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, suggesting a different mechanism of action of this protein in contrast to that of other Obg-family GTPBPs. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GTPBP5 ablation leads to severe impairment in the oxidative phosphorylation system, concurrent with a decrease in mitochondrial translation, reduced monosome formation and elevated levels of certain mitoribosome assembly factors. Overall, our data indicate an important role of GTPBP5 in mitochondrial function and suggest its involvement in the late-stage maturation of the mt-LSU maturation.

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RNA Post-transcriptional Modifications of an Early-Stage Large Subunit Ribosomal Intermediate

Project description:Protein production by the ribosomes is fundamental to life and proper assembly of the ribosome is required for protein production. The RNA, which is post-transcriptionally modified, provides the platform for ribosome assembly. Thus, a complete understanding of ribosome assembly requires the determination of the RNA post-transcriptional modifications in all the ribosome assembly intermediates and on each pathway. There are 26 RNA post-transcriptional modifications in 23S RNA of the mature Escherichia coli (E.coli) large ribosomal subunit. The levels of these modifications have been investigated extensively only for a small number of large subunit intermediates and under a limited number of cellular and environmental conditions. In this study we determine the level of incorporations of 2-methyl adenosine, 3-methyl pseudouridine, 5-hydroxycytosine and eight pseudouridines in an early-stage E.coli large subunit assembly intermediate with a sedimentation coefficient of 27S. The 27S intermediate is one of three large subunit intermediates accumulated in E.coli cells lacking the DEAD-box RNA helicase DbpA and expressing the helicase inactive R331A DbpA construct. The majority of the investigated modifications are incorporated into the 27S large subunit intermediate to similar levels as in the mature 50S large subunit, indicating that these early modifications or the enzymes that incorporate them have important roles in the initial events of large subunit ribosome assembly.

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Project description:Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are associated with improved response in solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), but understanding of their clinical significance and the circumstances of their resolution remains incomplete. Here, we found that in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy, high intratumoral TLS density at the time of surgery is associated with pathologic response and improved relapse free survival. In areas of tumor regression, we further identified a non-canonical involuted morphology of TLS marked by dispersion of the B cell follicle, persistence of a T cell zone enriched for T cell-mature dendritic cell interactions, and increased expression of T cell memory markers. Collectively, these data suggest that TLS may serve be both a prognostic and predictive marker of response to immunotherapy in HCC and suggest a functional role for late-stage TLS T cell memory formation after elimination of viable tumor.

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