Gene regulatory networks controlling temporal patterning, neurogenesis, and cell fate specification in the mammalian retina.
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA751223 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | ||||
| SRR15632726_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15632726_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15632727_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15632727_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Gene regulatory networks (GRNs), consisting of transcription factors and their target cis-regulatory sequences, control neurogenesis and cell fate specification in the developing central nervous system, but their organization is poorly characterized. In this study, we performed integrated scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq analysis from both mouse and human retina to profile dynamic changes in gene expression, chromatin accessibility and transcription factor footprinting during retinal neurogenesis and gliogenesis. We identified multiple interconnected, evolutionarily-conserved GRNs consisting of cell type-specific transcription factors that both activate expression of genes within their own network and often inhibit expression of genes in other networks. These GRNs control state transitions within primary retinal progenitors that underlie temporal patterning, regulate the transition from primary to neurogenic progenitors, and drive specification of each major retinal cell type. We confirmed the prediction of this analysis that the NFI transcription factors Nfia, Nfib, and Nfix selectively activate expression of genes that promote late-stage temporal identity in primary retinal progenitors. We also used GRNs to identify additional transcription factors that selectively promote (Insm1/2) and inhibit (Tbx3, Tcf7l1/2) rod photoreceptor specification in postnatal retina. This study provides an inventory of cis- and trans-acting factors that control retinal development, identifies transcription factors that control the temporal identity of retinal progenitors and cell fate specification, and will potentially help guide cell-based therapies aimed at replacing retinal neurons lost due to disease.
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Project description:Gene regulatory networks (GRNs), consisting of transcription factors and their target sites, control neurogenesis and cell-fate specification in the developing central nervous system. In this study, we use integrated single-cell RNA and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) analysis in developing mouse and human retina to identify multiple interconnected, evolutionarily conserved GRNs composed of cell-type-specific transcription factors that both activate genes within their own network and inhibit genes in other networks. These GRNs control temporal patterning in primary progenitors, regulate transition from primary to neurogenic progenitors, and drive specification of each major retinal cell type. We confirm that NFI transcription factors selectively activate expression of genes promoting late-stage temporal identity in primary retinal progenitors and identify other transcription factors that regulate rod photoreceptor specification in postnatal retina. This study inventories cis- and trans-acting factors that control retinal development and can guide cell-based therapies aimed at replacing retinal neurons lost to disease.
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Project description:Differentiation of distinct neurons in the developing retina is controlled by combinatorial action of a small subset of transcription factors and signalling molecules. Protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) has been implicated in guiding the specification of both rod and cone photoreceptors through posttranslational modification of key retinal transcription factors. To investigate its role during retinal development, we deleted exon 2-5 of the mouse Pias3 gene, which resulted in complete loss of the PIAS3 protein. Pias3-/- mice did not exhibit any overt phenotype, and retinal lamination appeared normal by histology even at 18 months. We detected reduced photopic b-wave amplitude by electroretinography (ERG) analysis following green light stimulation of Pias3-/- retina at postnatal day (P) 21, suggesting a compromised visual response of medium wavelength (M) cones. No change was evident in response of short wavelength (S) cones or rod photoreceptors until 7 months. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated altered distribution of cone photoreceptors as revealed by increased S-opsin expression in the M-cone dominant dorsal retina. Transcriptome profiling of P21 and 18-month old Pias3-/- retina revealed aberrant expression of genes associated with photoreceptor function. Our studies suggest redundancy in SUMOylation-associated transcriptional control mechanisms and identify a specific though limited role of PIAS3 in modulating spatial patterning and optimal function of cone photoreceptor subtypes in the mouse retina.
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Project description:The histone methyltransferase complex PRC2 controls key steps in developmental transitions and cell fate choices. However, its roles in vertebrate eye development remain unknown. Here we report that in Xenopus PRC2 regulates the progression of retinal progenitors from proliferation to differentiation. We show that the PRC2 core components are enriched in retinal progenitors and downregulated with differentiation. Knockdown of the PRC2 core component Ezh2 leads to reduced retinal progenitor proliferation in part due to upregulation of the cdk inhibitor p15Ink4b. In addition, while PRC2 knockdown does not alter eye patterning, retinal progenitor gene expression or expression of the neural competence factor Sox2, it does cause suppression of proneural bHLH gene expression, indicating that PRC2 is critical for the initiation of neural differentiation in the retina. Consistent with this, knocking down or blocking PRC2 function constrains the generation of most retinal neural cell types and promotes a Mueller glial cell fate decision. We also show that Wnt/?-catenin signaling acting through the receptor Frizzled 5, but independent of Sox2, regulates expression of key PRC2 subunits in the developing retina. This is consistent with a role for this pathway in coordinating proliferation and the transition to neurogenesis in the Xenopus retina. Our data establishes PRC2 as a regulator of proliferation and differentiation during eye development. Xenopus embryos were injected at the 8-cell stage with 5ng Ezh2 ATG MO or 5ng control MO (scrambled sequence of Ezh2 ATG MO) together with 400 pg mRNA for GFP as a lineage tracer. At stage 27, GFP-positive eyes were isolated by microdissection. Pools of 20-25 eyes were used to prepare total RNA for each sample on the microarray. 4 control and 4 Ezh2 ATG MO samples were hybridized to Agilent 1-color microarrays.
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