Chromatin Accessibility and Regulatory Vocabulary Across Indicine Cattle Tissues
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA758280 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR15652147_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15652147_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15652148_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15652148_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15652149_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:We have generated open-chromatin profiles for liver, muscle, and hypothalamus of indicine cattle through ATAC-seq. Using robust methods for motif discovery, motif enrichment and transcription factor binding sites, we identified potential master regulators of the epigenomic profile in these three tissues, namely HNF1, MEF2 and NFYA factors, respectively. Integration with transcriptomic data allowed us to predict their target genes showing a significant recovery of confirmed targets across species.
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Project description:BackgroundSpatiotemporal changes in the chromatin accessibility landscape are essential to cell differentiation, development, health, and disease. The quest of identifying regulatory elements in open chromatin regions across different tissues and developmental stages is led by large international collaborative efforts mostly focusing on model organisms, such as ENCODE. Recently, the Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes (FAANG) has been established to unravel the regulatory elements in non-model organisms, including cattle. Now, we can transition from prediction to validation by experimentally identifying the regulatory elements in tropical indicine cattle. The identification of regulatory elements, their annotation and comparison with the taurine counterpart, holds high promise to link regulatory regions to adaptability traits and improve animal productivity and welfare.ResultsWe generate open chromatin profiles for liver, muscle, and hypothalamus of indicine cattle through ATAC-seq. Using robust methods for motif discovery, motif enrichment and transcription factor binding sites, we identify potential master regulators of the epigenomic profile in these three tissues, namely HNF4, MEF2, and SOX factors, respectively. Integration with transcriptomic data allows us to confirm some of their target genes. Finally, by comparing our results with Bos taurus data we identify potential indicine-specific open chromatin regions and overlaps with indicine selective sweeps.ConclusionsOur findings provide insights into the identification and analysis of regulatory elements in non-model organisms, the evolution of regulatory elements within two cattle subspecies as well as having an immediate impact on the animal genetics community in particular for a relevant productive species such as tropical cattle.
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Project description:In this study, we generated whole genome bisulfite sequencing data of 19 samples for 13 tissues in Holstein cattle. We analyzed the variations of DNA methylation among tissues. In this study, we generated whole genome bisulfite sequencing data of 6 samples for 5 tissues in Hereford cattle. We analyzed the variations of DNA methylation among tissues.
2020-04-30 | GSE147087 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundAlthough considerable progress has been made towards annotating the noncoding portion of the human and mouse genomes, regulatory elements in other species, such as livestock, remain poorly characterized. This lack of functional annotation poses a substantial roadblock to agricultural research and diminishes the value of these species as model organisms. As active regulatory elements are typically characterized by chromatin accessibility, we implemented the Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin (ATAC-seq) to annotate and characterize regulatory elements in pigs and cattle, given a set of eight adult tissues.ResultsOverall, 306,304 and 273,594 active regulatory elements were identified in pig and cattle, respectively. 71,478 porcine and 47,454 bovine regulatory elements were highly tissue-specific and were correspondingly enriched for binding motifs of known tissue-specific transcription factors. However, in every tissue the most prevalent accessible motif corresponded to the insulator CTCF, suggesting pervasive involvement in 3-D chromatin organization. Taking advantage of a similar dataset in mouse, open chromatin in pig, cattle, and mice were compared, revealing that the conservation of regulatory elements, in terms of sequence identity and accessibility, was consistent with evolutionary distance; whereas pig and cattle shared about 20% of accessible sites, mice and ungulates only had about 10% of accessible sites in common. Furthermore, conservation of accessibility was more prevalent at promoters than at intergenic regions.ConclusionsThe lack of conserved accessibility at distal elements is consistent with rapid evolution of enhancers, and further emphasizes the need to annotate regulatory elements in individual species, rather than inferring elements based on homology. This atlas of chromatin accessibility in cattle and pig constitutes a substantial step towards annotating livestock genomes and dissecting the regulatory link between genome and phenome.
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Project description:This study is performed in the frame of a bigger study dedicated to the integrated analysis of the single-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility datasets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with a large-scale GWAS of 45 complex traits in Chinese Holstein cattle. In dairy cattle, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a crucial mediator of chronic inflammation to modulate immune responses. PBMCs include primary T and B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes (Mono), and dendritic cells (DC). It still remains unknown how LPS stimulated PBMCs at the single-cell level in dairy cattle. Therefore, the single-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility datasets in this study enable the further understanding and application of the cell types and functions of PBMCs and their responses to LPS stimulation in vitro in other studies.
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Project description:Current catalogs of regulatory sequences in the human genome are still incomplete and lack cell type resolution. To profile the activity of human gene regulatory elements in diverse cell types and tissues in the human body, we applied single cell chromatin accessibility assays to 25 distinct human tissue types from multiple donors. The resulting chromatin maps comprising ~500,000 nuclei revealed the status of open chromatin for over 750,000 candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) in 54 distinct cell types. We further delineated cell type-specific and tissue-context dependent gene regulatory programs, and developmental stage specificity by comparing with a recent human fetal chromatin accessibility atlas. We finally used these chromatin maps to interpret the noncoding variants associated with complex human traits and diseases. This rich resource provides a foundation for the analysis of gene regulatory programs in human cell types across tissues and organ systems.
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Project description:In this study, we generated whole genome bisulfite sequencing data 3 tissues in Holstein cattle. We analyzed the variations of DNA methylation among tissues.
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Project description:We present FFPE-ATAC, a new ATAC-seq tool for chromatin accessibility profiling that decodes the chromatin accessibility from mouse FFPE tissue and clinical archived FFPE tissues. The FFPE-ATAC generates the high-quality chromatin accessibility profiles from clinical FFPE tissue sections with 5-20 µm thickness, and reveals the disease-associated regulatory elements in different types of FFPE archived tissue. FFPE-ATAC enables to decode the chromatin states regulating the gene regulation in the cancer and understand the epigenetic regulation in the translational studies.
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