Mus musculus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA760516 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR15722531_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15722531_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15722532_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15722532_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15722533_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Male biased islet b cell dysfunction is caused by the MODY MAFA S64F variant by inducing premature aging and senescence
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Project description:A heterozygous missense mutation producing a variant of the islet β-cell-enriched MAFA transcription factor (p.Ser64Phe (S64F)) was identified in patients who developed adult-onset, β-cell dysfunction (diabetes or insulinomatosis), with men more prone to diabetes than women. This mutation engenders increased stability to the normally unstable MAFA protein. To obtain insight into how this variant impacts β cell function, we developed a mouse model expressing S64F MafA and found sex-dependent phenotypes, with heterozygous mutant males (MafAS64F/+) displaying impaired glucose tolerance while females were slightly hypoglycemic with improved blood glucose clearance. Only MafAS64F/+ males showed transiently higher MafA protein levels preceding the onset of glucose intolerance and sex-dependent, differential expression of genes involved in Ca2+ signaling, DNA damage, aging, and senescence. Functional changes in islet Ca2+ handling and signs of islet aging and senescence processes were uniquely observed in male animals. In addition, MAFAS64F production in male human β cells accelerated cellular senescence and increased production of senescence-associated secretory proteins compared to cells expressing MAFAWT. Together, these results implicate a conserved mechanism of accelerated islet aging and senescence in promoting diabetes in MAFAS64F carriers in a sex-dependent manner.
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Project description:We anticipated that the identification of cis-regulatory regions active in pancreatic islets would help increase our understanding of islet biology and the pathology of diabetes. Towards this end we used histone H3 lysine 4 monomethylation-based nucleosome predictions genome-wide, in conjunction with binding data for PDX1, FOXA2, MAFA, and NEUROD1, to identify 3,654 putative enhancers that are H3K4me1-enriched uniquely in islets as compared to 14 other tissue or cell-types. We show that these islet-specific enhancers are associated with genes with significantly higher islet specificity than genes associated with non-specific enhancers. Further, islet-specific enhancers were not enriched for typical active or repressive histone methylations in embryonic stem cells and liver, suggesting they are formed by de novo histone methylation during pancreas development. We also identify a subset of enhancers bivalently marked by both H3K4me1 and H3K27me3 in adult pancreatic islets. Further, we show that islet-specific enhancers triple- or quadruple- bound by PDX1, MAFA, NEUROD1 and/or FOXA2 are associated with genes with particularly high islet-specificity, and that these loci are enriched in regions with functional activity in islet cell types. Finally, we demonstrate that cytokines reduce H3K4me1 enrichment levels at selected triple- or quadruple-bound islet-specific enhancers, suggesting that epigenetic changes may contribute to cytokine-induced b-cell dysfunction. In conjunction with data from Hoffman et al Genome Research 2010, an analysis of histone modifications and transcription factor binding sites to identify enhancer regions
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Project description:SPINT1 is a membrane-anchored serine protease inhibitor that modulates pericellular proteolysis. The pancreas-specific disruption of Spint1 in mice significantly decreased islet size and mass, leading to glucose intolerance, which was causally related to the down-regulation of MafA and insulin. Mechanistically, the silencing of Hepsin (encoding a SPINT1 target protease) counteracted the repressive effect of Spint1 knockdown on MafA and Ins1 expression in β cells. Together, the results suggest that SPINT1 plays a novel role in β cells to maintain glucose homeostasis and insulin production.
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Project description:We anticipated that the identification of cis-regulatory regions active in pancreatic islets would help increase our understanding of islet biology and the pathology of diabetes. Towards this end we used histone H3 lysine 4 monomethylation-based nucleosome predictions genome-wide, in conjunction with binding data for PDX1, FOXA2, MAFA, and NEUROD1, to identify 3,654 putative enhancers that are H3K4me1-enriched uniquely in islets as compared to 14 other tissue or cell-types. We show that these islet-specific enhancers are associated with genes with significantly higher islet specificity than genes associated with non-specific enhancers. Further, islet-specific enhancers were not enriched for typical active or repressive histone methylations in embryonic stem cells and liver, suggesting they are formed by de novo histone methylation during pancreas development. We also identify a subset of enhancers bivalently marked by both H3K4me1 and H3K27me3 in adult pancreatic islets. Further, we show that islet-specific enhancers triple- or quadruple- bound by PDX1, MAFA, NEUROD1 and/or FOXA2 are associated with genes with particularly high islet-specificity, and that these loci are enriched in regions with functional activity in islet cell types. Finally, we demonstrate that cytokines reduce H3K4me1 enrichment levels at selected triple- or quadruple-bound islet-specific enhancers, suggesting that epigenetic changes may contribute to cytokine-induced b-cell dysfunction.
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Project description:Direct lineage conversion of adult cells is a promising approach for regenerative medicine. A major challenge of lineage conversion is to generate specific subtypes of cells, closely related cells with distinct properties. The pancreatic islets contain three major hormone-secreting endocrine subtypes: insulin+ β-cells, glucagon+ α-cells, and somatostatin+ δ-cells. We previously reported that a combination of three transcription factors, Ngn3, Mafa, and Pdx1, directly reprogram pancreatic acinar cells to β-cells. We now show that acinar cells can be converted to δ-like and α-like cells by Ngn3 and Ngn3+Mafa respectively. Thus, three major islet endocrine subtypes can be derived by acinar reprogramming. Ngn3 promotes establishment of a generic endocrine state in acinar cells at the onset of reprogramming in addition to promoting δ-specification. Mafa and Pdx1 suppress δ-specification in α- and β-cell formation. These studies identify a set of defined factors whose combinatorial actions reprogram acinar cells to distinct islet endocrine subtypes in vivo. induced beta cells samples at day 10 collected for the microarray
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