Multi-dimensional modeling disrupted synapse formation underlying psychiatric disorders of Wolfram syndrome reveals essentiality of astrocytes
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA767536 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR16122949_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16122949_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16122950_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16122950_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16122951_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Dysregulated neurite outgrowth and synapse formation underlie many psychiatric disorders. Wolfram syndrome (WS) mainly caused by WFS1 deficiency is a monogenic genetic disease manifested by severe psychiatric disorders. Due to athe lack of proper human disease models, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Particularly, whether and how WFS1 deficiency affects synapse formation remain elusive. By mirroring the complexity of human brain development with cerebral organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) harboring WFS1 loss of function (LOF), we found that WFS1-deficient cerebral organoids not only recapitulated the neuronal loss phenotype in WS patients, but also exhibited significantly impaired synapse formation associated with reduced astrocytes, suggesting a defective structural basis for psychiatric disorders elicited by WFS1 deficiency. To further unravel the complexity of interplay between neurons and astrocytes, each neural cell type was respectively differentiated from hESCs harboring WFS1 LOF. WFS1 deficiency in neurons autonomously delayed neuronal differentiation with altered expressions of genes associated with psychiatric disorders, and impaired neurite outgrowth and reduced synapse formation associated with elevated cytosolic calcium. Interestingly, WFS1 deficiency in astrocytes decreased the expression of glutamate transporter EAAT2 and compromised glutamate uptake, causing reduced neurite outgrowth with increased cytosolic calcium when co-cultured with wildtype (WT) neurons, highlighting pathogenic role of WFS1-deficient astrocytes. Importantly, restoring EAAT2 expression in astrocytes by riluzole treatment significantly alleviated reduced neurite outgrowth phenotype in WT neurons co-cultured with WFS1-deficient astrocytes. Altogether, our study provides novel insights into how WFS1 deficiency affects neurite outgrowth and synapse formation, potentially contributing to predisposition of psychiatric disorders, and offers a potential strategy of therapy.
2022-03-17 | GSE185052 | GEO
Project description:Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 is a protein that is encoded by the DISC1 gene in humans. In coordination with a wide array of interacting partners, DISC1 has been shown to participate in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, neuronal axon and dendrite outgrowth, synapse formation and maturation, synaptic transmission, mitochondrial transport, fission and/or fusion, and cell-to-cell adhesion. Several studies have shown that unregulated expression or altered protein structure of DISC1 may predispose individuals to the development of schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric conditions. The cellular functions that are disrupted by permutations in DISC1, which lead to the development of these disorders, have yet to be clearly defined and are the subject of current ongoing research.
2021-09-08 | PXD013391 | Pride
Project description:Wolfram syndrome is a rare genetic disorder largely caused by pathogenic variants in the WFS1 gene and manifested by diabetes mellitus, optic nerve atrophy, and progressive neurodegeneration. Recent genetic and clinical findings have revealed Wolfram syndrome as a spectrum disorder. Therefore, a genotype-phenotype correlation analysis is needed for diagnosis and therapeutic development. Here, we focus on the WFS1 c.1672C>T, p.R558C variant which is highly prevalent in the Ashkenazi-Jewish population. Clinical investigation indicates that subjects carrying the homozygous WFS1 c.1672C>T, p.R558C variant show mild forms of Wolfram syndrome phenotypes. Expression of WFS1 p.R558C is more stable compared to the other known recessive pathogenic variants associated with Wolfram syndrome. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived islets (SC-islets) homozygous for WFS1 c.1672C>T variant recapitulate genotype-related Wolfram syndrome phenotypes. Enhancing residual WFS1 function by a combination treatment of chemical chaperones mitigates detrimental effects caused by the WFS1 c.1672C>T, p.R558C variant and increases insulin secretion in SC-islets. Thus, the WFS1 c.1672C>T, p.R558C variant causes a mild form of Wolfram syndrome phenotypes, which can be remitted with a combination treatment of chemical chaperones. We demonstrate that our patient iPSC-derived disease model provides a valuable platform for further genotype-phenotype analysis and therapeutic development for Wolfram syndrome.
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Project description:Developmental alteration in brain wiring that would make it more susceptible to later pathological processes has been suggested as a basis for the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases, but mechanisms have remained elusive. A recent series of magnetic resonance imaging studies have demonstrated that, in Wolfram syndrome, neurodegenerative processes appear during childhood and adolescence on top of a clinically silent global defect in brain development. Here, differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from Wolfram syndrome patients’ cells along the neural lineage has revealed phenotypic and molecular correlates of that global brain defect. A proportion of neural cells displayed aberrant neurite outgrowth associated with alterations in the expression of genes involved in axonal guidance. In contrast, an activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response genes was absent while it is present in late Wolfram syndrome degenerative processes. These results concur to the broader hypothesis that axon guidance genes may play a role in the susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases.
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Project description:Genetic evidence indicates disrupted epigenetic regulation as a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders, but the molecular mechanisms that drive this association are undetermined. EHMT1 is an epigenetic repressor that is causal for Kleefstra Syndrome (KS), a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) leading to ID, and is associated with schizophrenia. Here, we show that reduced EHMT1 activity decreases NRSF/REST protein leading to abnormal neuronal gene expression and progression of neurodevelopment in human iPSC. We further show that EHMT1 regulates NRSF/REST indirectly via repression of miRNA leading to aberrant neuronal gene regulation and neurodevelopment timing. Expression of a NRSF/REST mRNA that lacks the miRNA-binding sites restores neuronal gene regulation to EHMT1 deficient cells. Importantly, the EHMT1-regulated miRNA gene set with elevated expression is enriched for NRSF/REST regulators with an association for ID and schizophrenia. This reveals a molecular interaction between H3K9 dimethylation and NSRF/REST contributing to the aetiology of psychiatric disorders.
2023-05-01 | E-MTAB-10480 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We revealed transcriptome differences between corrected and unedited (diseased) Wolfram Syndrome patient stem cell-derived beta cells. We also identified several endocrine, pancreatic, and non-pancreatic cell types in the samples populations.
2020-04-22 | GSE139535 | GEO
Project description:Spatially heterogeneous synapse loss is a characteristic of many psychiatric and neurological disorders, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we show that spatially-restricted complement activation mediates stress-induced heterogeneous microglia activation and synapse loss localized to the upper layers of the mouse medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Single cell RNA sequencing also reveals a stress-associated microglia state marked by high expression of the apolipoprotein E gene (Apoehigh) localized to the upper layers of the mPFC. Mice lacking complement component C3 are protected from stress-induced layer-specific synapse loss, and the Apoehigh microglia population is markedly reduced in the mPFC of these mice. Furthermore, C3 knockout mice are also resilient to stress-induced anhedonia and working memory behavioral deficits. Our findings suggest that region-specific complement and microglia activation can contribute to the disease-specific spatially restricted patterns of synapse loss and clinical symptoms found in many brain diseases.
2024-09-09 | GSE272813 | GEO
Project description:The extent by which different genetic backgrounds affect conditional gene essentiality is understudied. Here, 4 whole-genome knockout libraries were screened to systematically record changes in conditional gene essentiality. Gene expression changes between the reference strain and the other three were measured to gain more knowledge on the molecular determinants of these changes.
2018-11-30 | GSE123118 | GEO
Project description:Essentiality assays are commonly practiced as important tools for the discovery of gene functions. Growth/no growth screens of single gene knockout strain collections are often utilized to test the predictive power of genome-scale models. False positive predictions occur when computational analysis predicts a gene to be non-essential, however experimental screens deem the gene to be essential. One explanation for this inconsistency is that the model contains the wrong information, possibly an incorrectly annotated alternative pathway or isozyme reaction. Inconsistencies could also be attributed to experimental limitations, such as growth tests with arbitrary time cut-offs. The focus of this study was to resolve such inconsistencies to better understand isozyme activities and gene essentiality. Gene-deletion strains associated with false positive predictions of gene essentiality on defined minimal medium for Escherichia coli were targeted for extended growth tests followed by population sequencing.
2018-07-19 | GSE117303 | GEO
Project description:Anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are complex psychiatric disorders with shared obsessive features, thought to arise from the interaction of multiple genes of small effect with environmental factors. Potential candidate genes for AN, BN, and OCD have been identified through clinical association and neuroimaging studies; however, recent genome-wide association studies of eating disorders (ED) so far have failed to report significant findings. Additionally, few if any studies have interrogated postmortem brain tissue for evidence of eQTLs associated with candidate genes, which has particular promise as an approach to elucidating molecular mechanisms of association. We therefore selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on candidate gene studies for AN, BN, and OCD from the literature, and examined the association of these SNPs with gene expression across the lifespan in prefrontal cortex of a non-psychiatric control cohort (N=268). Several risk-predisposing SNPs were significantly associated with gene expression among control subjects. We then measured gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of cases previously diagnosed with obsessive psychiatric disorders, e.g., eating disorders (ED; N=15), and obsessive-compulsive disorder/obsessive-compulsive personality disorder or tics (OCD/OCPD/Tic; N=16), and non-psychiatric controls (N=102) and identified 6 and 286 genes that were differentially expressed between ED compared to controls and OCD cases compared to controls, respectively (FDR < 5%). However, none of the clinical risk SNPs were among the eQTLs and none were significantly associated with gene expression within the broad obsessive cohort, suggesting larger sample sizes or other brain regions may be required to identify candidate molecular mechanisms of clinical association in postmortem brain datasets. Gene expression data from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) from postmortem tissue on 133 subjects - 15 eating disorder (ED) patients, 16 obessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, and 102 non-psychiatric controls - run on the Illumina HumanHT-12 v3 microarray
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