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Bioreactor for the anaerobic fermentation of food waste extract and medium chain fatty acids production

ABSTRACT: Metatranscriptomic analysis of bioreactor for the anaerobic fermentation of food waste extract and medium chain fatty acids production

PROVIDER: PRJNA768991 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Bioreactor medium-chain fatty acids production from food waste extract

Project description:Direct Conversion of Food Waste Extract into Caproate: Metagenomics Assessment of Chain Elongation Process

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Bioreactor medium-chain fatty acids production from food waste extract

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T Cell Genes Regulated by Short Chain Fatty Acids

Project description:This is to determine the regulation of gene expression in different T Cell population with short chain fatty acids. This will provide the roles of SCFAs in regulation of adaptive immunity and T-cell-mediated inflammation.

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Short-chain fatty acids improve post-stroke recovery via immunological mechanisms.

Project description:This transcriptomic study investigates the effect of therapeutic short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) administration on post-stroke recovery.

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Bioreactor for medium-chain fatty acids production from food waste extract

Project description:Biorefining food waste through the anaerobic conversion of endogenous lactate into caproate: a fragile balance between microbial substrate utilization and product inhibition.

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SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS MITIGATE OSTEOCLAST-MEDIATED ARTHRITIC BONE REMODELLING

Project description:SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS MITIGATE OSTEOCLAST-MEDIATED ARTHRITIC BONE REMODELLING

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Gut-derived short-chain fatty acids are vividly assimilated into host carbohydrates and lipids

Project description:Acetate, propionate and butyrate are the main short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that arise from the fermentation of fibers by the colonic microbiota. While many studies focus on the regulatory role of SCFAs, their quantitative role as a catabolic or anabolic substrate for the host has received relatively little attention. To investigate this aspect, we infused conscious mice with physiological quantities of stable isotopes [1-13C]acetate, [2-13C]propionate or [2,4-13C2]butyrate directly into the cecum, which is the natural production site in mice, and analyzed their interconversion by the microbiota as well as their metabolism by the host. Cecal interconversion - pointing to microbial cross-feeding - was high between acetate and butyrate, low between butyrate and propionate and almost absent between acetate and propionate. As much as 62% of infused propionate was used in whole-body glucose production, in line with its role as gluconeogenic substrate. Conversely, glucose synthesis from propionate accounted for 69% of total glucose production. The synthesis of palmitate and cholesterol in the liver was high from cecal acetate (2.8% and 0.7%, respectively) and butyrate (2.7% and 0.9%, respectively) as substrates, but low or absent from propionate (0.6% and 0.0%, respectively). Label incorporation due to chain elongation of stearate was approximately 8-fold higher than de novo synthesis of stearate. Microarray data suggested that SCFAs exert only a mild regulatory effect on the expression of genes involved in hepatic metabolic pathways during the 6h infusion period. Altogether, gut-derived acetate, propionate and butyrate play important roles as substrates for glucose, cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Mice were infused in cecum with stably-labelled isotopes of the three main short chain fatty acids or control solution. After 6 hrs, livers were removed and pooled RNA samples were subjected to gene expression profiling.

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The Divergent Immunomodulatory Effects of Short Chain Fatty Acids and Medium Chain Fatty Acids.

Project description:Fatty acids are derived from diet and fermentative processes by the intestinal flora. Two to five carbon chain fatty acids, termed short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are increasingly recognized to play a role in intestinal homeostasis. However, the characteristics of slightly longer 6 to 10 carbon, medium chain fatty acids (MCFA), derived primarily from diet, are less understood. Here, we demonstrated that SCFA and MCFA have divergent immunomodulatory propensities. SCFA down-attenuated host pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα response predominantly through the TLR4 pathway, whereas MCFA augmented inflammation through TLR2. Butyric (C4) and decanoic (C10) acid displayed most potent modulatory effects within the SCFA and MCFA, respectively. Reduction in TRAF3, IRF3 and TRAF6 expression were observed with butyric acid. Decanoic acid induced up-regulation of GPR84 and PPARγ and altered HIF-1α/HIF-2α ratio. These variant immune characteristics of the fatty acids which differ by just several carbon atoms may be attributable to their origins, with SCFA being primarily endogenous and playing a physiological role, and MCFA exogenously from the diet.

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Impact of Preoperative Oral Branched-chain Amino Acids on Reducing Postoperative Insulin Resistance.

Project description:Postoperative insulin resistance refers to the phenomenon that the body’s glucose uptake stimulated by insulin is reduced due to stress effects such as trauma or the inhibitory effect of insulin on liver glucose output is weakened after surgery. There is a clear link between postoperative insulin resistance and poor perioperative prognosis. Therefore, exploring interventions to reduce postoperative stress insulin resistance, stabilize postoperative blood glucose, and reduce postoperative complications are clinical problems that need to be solved urgently. In recent years, research on branched-chain amino acids and metabolic diseases has become a hot spot. Studies have found that in the rat model, preoperatively given a high branched-chain amino acid diet can inhibit postoperative insulin resistance and stabilize blood glucose levels. This research plan is to try to add branched-chain amino acids before surgery to observe the occurrence of postoperative insulin resistance in patients.

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Medium chain fatty acid (MCFAs) synthesis

Project description:Medium chain fatty acid (MCFAs) synthesis Metagenome

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