OXPHOS Promotes Apoptotic Resistance and Persistence in TH17 cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA769142 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR16227516_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16227516_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16227517_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16227517_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16227518_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Apoptotic cell death is a cell-intrinsic, immune tolerance mechanism that regulates the magnitude and resolution of T cell-mediated responses. Evasion of apoptosis is critical for the generation of memory T cells, as well as autoimmune T cells, and knowledge of the mechanisms that enable resistance to apoptosis will provide insight into ways to modulate their activity during protective and pathogenic responses. IL-17-producing CD4 T cells (TH17s) are long-lived, memory cells. These features enable their role in host defense, chronic inflammatory disorders, and anti-tumor immunity. A growing number of reports now indicate that TH17s in vivo require mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), a metabolic phenotype that is poorly induced in vitro. To elucidate the role of OXPHOS in TH17 processes, we developed a system to polarize TH17s that metabolically resembled their in vivo counterparts. We discovered that directing TH17s to use OXPHOS promotes mitochondrial fitness, glutamine anaplerosis, and an anti-apoptotic phenotype marked by high BCL-XL and low BIM. Through competitive co-transfer experiments and tumor studies, we further revealed how OXPHOS protects TH17s from cell death while enhancing their persistence in the periphery and tumor microenvironment. Together, our work demonstrates a non-classical role of metabolism in regulating TH17 cell fate and highlights the potential for therapies that target OXPHOS in TH17-driven diseases.
2022-09-08 | GSE185478 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: To characterize microRNA signatures for tolerance, persistence and resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in human lung cancer. Methods: microRNA profiles of gefitinib- and osimertinib-tolerant cells in PC9 and HCC827 cells were generated by deep microRNA sequencing using Illumina. In addition, microRNA profiles of PC9 subpopulations cells with characterizations of persistence and resistance to gefitinib were generated by deep microRNA sequencing. The mappable reads were aligned to the human genome and miRbase using Bowtie. Results: We identified a specific microRNA profile distinguishing tolerance, persistence and resistance to gefitinib or osimertinib from parental human lung cancer cells with mutated EGFR. The expressions of those microRNAs in lung cancer cells were validated by qRT-PCR. Functionally, knocking down top-upregulated microRNAs reduced the tolerance, persistence and resistance to gefitinib or osimertinib in those tolerant and resistant cells. Conversely, overexpression of those microRNAs enhanced the tolerance and resistance to EGFR inhibition in cells sensitive to gefitinib and osimertinib. Conclusions: Our work identifies a panel of microRNAs that mediate EGFR-TKI tolerance and resistance in lung cancer. Our study provides potential non-coding targets to improve the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs therapy in cancer pagtients.
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Project description:Intervening in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for certain types of cancers. However, the exploration of targeting OXPHOS for the treatment of liver cancer is still limited, and the regulatory network involved in OXPHOS inhibition remains largely unexplored. Here, employing kinome-based CRISPR screening, we find that OXPHOS inhibitor IACS-010759 exhibits limited effect in liver cancer cells due to the function of dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A). Genetic inactivation or pharmacological inhibition of DYRK1A combined with OXPHOS inhibitors activates transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signalling, which is crucial for OXPHOS inhibition-triggered cell death in liver cancer cells. Mechanistically, DYRK1A directly phosphorylates SMAD3 at Thr132, thereby suppressing the negative impact of TGFβ signalling on the transcription of the glutamine transporter solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5). This mechanism compensates for the increased glutamine requirement (?) upon OXPHOS inhibition, leading to the resistance of liver cancer cells to OXPHOS inhibition. Finally, we validated the therapeutic efficacy of targeting OXPHOS in combination with DYRK1A inhibition in multiple liver cancer models in vivo. Our study identifies DYRK1A as a novel regulator of TGF β signalling and elucidates the regulatory mechanisms governing the response to OXPHOS inhibition in tumour cells, providing novel insights into targeting OXPHOS for liver cancer therapy.
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Project description:Acquired resistance represents a bottleneck for effective molecular targeted therapy in lung cancer. Metabolic adaptation is a distinct hallmark of human lung cancer that might contribute to acquired resistance. In this study, we discovered a novel mechanism of acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) mediated by IGF2BP3-dependent cross-talk between epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprogramming through the IGF2BP3–COX6B2 axis. IGF2BP3 was upregulated in patients with TKI-resistant non–small cell lung cancer, and high IGF2BP3 expression correlated with reduced overall survival. Upregulated expression of the RNA binding protein IGF2BP3 in lung cancer cells reduced sensitivity to TKI treatment and exacerbated the development of drug resistance via promoting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). COX6B2 mRNA bound IGF2BP3, and COX6B2 was required for increased OXPHOS and acquired EGFR-TKI resistance mediated by IGF2BP3. Mechanistically, IGF2BP3 bound to the untranslated region of COX6B2 in an m6A-dependent manner to increase COX6B2 mRNA stability. Moreover, the IGF2BP3–COX6B2 axis regulated nicotinamide metabolism, which can alter OXPHOS and promote EGFR-TKI acquired resistance. Inhibition of OXPHOS with IACS-010759, a small-molecule inhibitor, resulted in strong growth suppression in vitro and in vivo in a gefitinib-resistant patient-derived xenograft model. Collectively, these findings suggest that metabolic reprogramming by the IGF2BP3–COX6B2 axis plays a critical role in TKI resistance and confers a targetable metabolic vulnerability to overcome acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in lung cancer.
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Project description:Mitochondrial dysfunction causes biophysical, metabolic and signalling changes that alter homeostasis and reprogram cells. We used a Drosophila model in which individual subunits of 4 OXPHOS complexes are knocked-down in neurons in the larval CNS. We used microarray analysis to investigate gene expression changes caused by knock down of OXPHOS subunits of complexes I, III, IV and V in neurons.
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