Project description:The goal of this study was to characterize a single-cell clone derived from bovine rumen epithelium. Analyses including RNA-seq demonstrated that this clone was derived from a rumen epithelial cell. This clone is named BREC1 in the manuscript.
Project description:While DNA methylation in other tissues can be approximated through model species, the dynamic distribution and regulatory significance of DNA methylation in the rumen, a unique organ in ruminant, remain largely unknown. Here, we employed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), transcriptomics, and histone modification data to compare fetal and adult stages of bovine rumen with other tissues, including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) approximating pre-implantation embryos. We found extensive methylation differences, including CG methylation (mCG) and non-CG methylation (mCH; H represents A, C and T) between the rumen at fetal and adult stages and other tissues and PSCs. These differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are closely associated with other epigenetic regulatory components, such as transcription factors (TFs) and histone modifications. These DMRs can also combine to form large hypo CG-DMRs to regulate a cluster of functionally related genes. We elucidated the reasons for morphological and functional differences between fetal and adult rumen at the epigenetic level and the interactions between epigenetic modifications and gene expression. This study highlights the differences in methylation patterns between the rumen and other tissues during development and the role of DNA methylation in controlling gene expression and establishing tissue-specific functions.
Project description:While DNA methylation in other tissues can be approximated through model species, the dynamic distribution and regulatory significance of DNA methylation in the rumen, a unique organ in ruminant, remain largely unknown. Here, we employed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), transcriptomics, and histone modification data to compare fetal and adult stages of bovine rumen with other tissues, including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) approximating pre-implantation embryos. We found extensive methylation differences, including CG methylation (mCG) and non-CG methylation (mCH; H represents A, C and T) between the rumen at fetal and adult stages and other tissues and PSCs. These differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are closely associated with other epigenetic regulatory components, such as transcription factors (TFs) and histone modifications. These DMRs can also combine to form large hypo CG-DMRs to regulate a cluster of functionally related genes. We elucidated the reasons for morphological and functional differences between fetal and adult rumen at the epigenetic level and the interactions between epigenetic modifications and gene expression. This study highlights the differences in methylation patterns between the rumen and other tissues during development and the role of DNA methylation in controlling gene expression and establishing tissue-specific functions.
Project description:While DNA methylation in other tissues can be approximated through model species, the dynamic distribution and regulatory significance of DNA methylation in the rumen, a unique organ in ruminant, remain largely unknown. Here, we employed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), transcriptomics, and histone modification data to compare fetal and adult stages of bovine rumen with other tissues, including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) approximating pre-implantation embryos. We found extensive methylation differences, including CG methylation (mCG) and non-CG methylation (mCH; H represents A, C and T) between the rumen at fetal and adult stages and other tissues and PSCs. These differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are closely associated with other epigenetic regulatory components, such as transcription factors (TFs) and histone modifications. These DMRs can also combine to form large hypo CG-DMRs to regulate a cluster of functionally related genes. We elucidated the reasons for morphological and functional differences between fetal and adult rumen at the epigenetic level and the interactions between epigenetic modifications and gene expression. This study highlights the differences in methylation patterns between the rumen and other tissues during development and the role of DNA methylation in controlling gene expression and establishing tissue-specific functions.
Project description:In this study, we investigated the molecular regulatory mechanisms of milk protein production in dairy cows by studying the miRNAomes of five key metabolic tissues involved in protein synthesis and metabolism from dairy cows fed high- and low-quality diets. In total, 340, 338, 337, 330, and 328 miRNAs were expressed in the rumen, duodenum, jejunum, liver, and mammary gland tissues, respectively. Some miRNAs were highly correlated with feed and nitrogen efficiency, with target genes involved in transportation and phosphorylation of amino acid (AA). Additionally, low-quality forage diets (corn stover and rice straw) influenced the expression of feed and nitrogen efficiency-associated miRNAs such as miR-99b in rumen, miR-2336 in duodenum, miR-652 in jejunum, miR-1 in liver, and miR-181a in mammary gland. Ruminal miR-21-3p and liver miR-2285f were predicted to regulate AA transportation by targeting ATP1A2 and SLC7A8, respectively. Furthermore, bovine-specific miRNAs regulated the proliferation and morphology of rumen epithelium, as well as the metabolism of liver lipids and branched-chain AAs, revealing bovine-specific mechanisms. Our results suggest that miRNAs expressed in these five tissues play roles in regulating transportation of AA for downstream milk production, which is an important mechanism that may be associated with low milk protein under lowquality forage feed.
Project description:Hong2004 - Genome-scale metabolic network of
Mannheimia succiniciproducens (iSH335)
This model is described in the article:
The genome sequence of the
capnophilic rumen bacterium Mannheimia succiniciproducens.
Hong SH, Kim JS, Lee SY, In YH, Choi
SS, Rih JK, Kim CH, Jeong H, Hur CG, Kim JJ.
Nat. Biotechnol. 2004 Oct; 22(10):
1275-1281
Abstract:
The rumen represents the first section of a ruminant
animal's stomach, where feed is collected and mixed with
microorganisms for initial digestion. The major gas produced in
the rumen is CO(2) (65.5 mol%), yet the metabolic
characteristics of capnophilic (CO(2)-loving) microorganisms
are not well understood. Here we report the 2,314,078 base pair
genome sequence of Mannheimia succiniciproducens MBEL55E, a
recently isolated capnophilic Gram-negative bacterium from
bovine rumen, and analyze its genome contents and metabolic
characteristics. The metabolism of M. succiniciproducens was
found to be well adapted to the oxygen-free rumen by using
fumarate as a major electron acceptor. Genome-scale metabolic
flux analysis indicated that CO(2) is important for the
carboxylation of phosphoenolpyruvate to oxaloacetate, which is
converted to succinic acid by the reductive tricarboxylic acid
cycle and menaquinone systems. This characteristic metabolism
allows highly efficient production of succinic acid, an
important four-carbon industrial chemical.
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Project description:The rumen harbors a complex mixture of archaea, bacteria, protozoa and fungi that efficiently breakdown plant biomass and its complex dietary carbohydrates into soluble sugars that can be fermented and subsequently converted into metabolites and nutrients utilized by the host animal. While rumen bacteria populations have been well documented, only a fraction of the rumen eukarya are taxonomically and functionally characterized, despite the recognition that they contribute to the cellulolytic phenotype of the rumen fauna. To investigate how anaerobic fungi actively engage in digestion of recalcitrant fiber that is resistant to the initial stages of rumination, we resolved genome-centric metaproteome and metatranscriptome datasets generated from switchgrass samples incubated in nylon bags within the rumen of cannulated dairy cows for 48 hours.
Project description:Raw LC-MSMS data from the Plos One publication: "Novel Reusable Animal Model for Comparative Evaluation of In vivo Growth and Protein-Expression of Escherichia coli O157 strains in the Bovine Rumen" Represents 2 LC-MSMS runs L (lactation diet) and M (maintenance diet) in 10 fractions each. Each run contains 6 iTRAQ labeled samples, 3 strains grown in both the in-vivo and in-vitro rumen fluid.