Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA769614 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR16251339.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16251340.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16251341.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16251342.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR16251343.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Autophagy is an essential cellular process in eukaryotes that degrades and recycles macromolecules and organelles. Defects in autophagy is known to affect metabolism, including the lipidome. Genetic approaches have identified a series of AuTophaGy-related (ATG) genes in Arabidopsis. In this study we used WT (ecotype Col-0) and two Arabidopsis autophagy-defective mutants, atg7 and atg9 to perform a multi-omics study on the effect of nitrogen starvation treatment, which induces autophagy. Specifically, we have quantified ~100 lipids from leaf and root tissues of WT, atg7 and atg9 mutant plants, under either autophagy-inducing conditions (-N) or normal nitrogen conditions (+N). The lipid species we quantified include: DGDG, MGDG, LPC, LPE, PE, LPG, PC, PA, PG, PI, and PS. Our study sheds lights on the understanding of the relationships between autophagy and metabolism, especially lipid metabolism.
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Project description:Autophagy as a conserved degradation and recycling machinery is important in normal development and physiology, and defects in this process are linked to many kinds of disease. Because too much or too little autophagy can be detrimental, the process must be tightly regulated both temporally and in magnitude. The transcriptional induction and repression of the autophagy-related (ATG) genes is one crucial aspect of this regulation, but the transcriptional regulators that modulate autophagy are not well characterized. In this study, we identified Pho23 as a master transcriptional repressor for autophagy, with transcriptome profiling revealing that ATG9 is one of the key target genes. Physiological studies with a PHO23 null mutant, or with strains expressing modulated levels of Atg9, demonstrate a critical role of this protein as a regulator of autophagosome formation frequency; Atg9 protein levels correlate with the number of autophagosomes generated upon autophagy induction, and the level of autophagy activity. WT yeast and pho23 deletion mutants were grown under nutrient rich or nitrogen starvation conditions; gene expression was quantified across these 4 samples.
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Project description:Autophagy is a vital cellular process that maintains organismal health by recycling damaged or superfluous cellular components within autophagosomes. This process is mediated by conserved ATG proteins, which coordinate autophagosome biogenesis and selective cargo degradation. Among these, the ubiquitin-like ATG8 protein plays a central role by linking cargo to the growing autophagosomes through interactions with selective autophagy receptors. Unlike most ATG proteins, which are represented by single or few isoforms, the ATG8 gene family is expanded in vascular plants, yet the extent of functional specialization within ATG8 isoforms remains largely unknown. Using transcriptional and translational reporters in Arabidopsis thaliana, we revealed that ATG8 isoforms are differentially expressed across tissues and form distinct autophagosomes within the same cell. To explore ATG8 specialization, we generated the nonuple Δatg8mutant lacking all nine ATG8 isoforms. The mutant displayed hypersensitivity to carbon and nitrogen starvation, coupled with defects in bulk and selective autophagy as shown by biochemical and ultrastructural analyses. Complementation experiments demonstrated that ATG8A could rescue both carbon and nitrogen starvation phenotypes, whereas ATG8H could only complement carbon starvation. Proximity labeling proteomics further identified isoform-specific interactors under nitrogen starvation, underscoring their functional divergence. These findings provide genetic evidence for the specialization of ATG8 isoforms in plants and lay a foundation for investigating their roles in diverse cell types and stress conditions.
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Project description:In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Atg9 is an important AuTophaGy-related (Atg) protein, plays critical roles in regulating macroautophagy/autophagy, and physically interacts with hundreds of proteins. How Atg9 interacting partners are synergistically orchestrated in autophagy are unclear. Here, we conducted a transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of Atg9-dependent molecular landscapes during nitrogen starvation-induced autophagy.
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Project description:As a core Autophagy-related (Atg) protein during yeast autophagy, Atg1 interacts with numerous other proteins, and its kinase activity facilitates to phosphorylate various substrates. How Atg1-interacting partners and substrates synergistically orchestrate autophagy remains to be further dissected. In this study, we conducted a transcriptomic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling of Atg1-dependent molecular landscapes during nitrogen starvation-triggered autophagy.
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Project description:The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can activate autophagy when cellular energy production becomes compromised. However, the degree to which nutrient sensing impinges on the autophagosome closure remains unknown. Here, we provide the mechanism underlying a plant unique protein FREE1, upon autophagy-induced SnRK1α1-mediated phosphorylation, functions as a linkage between ATG conjugation system and ESCRT machinery to regulate the autophagosome closure upon nutrient deprivation. Using high-resolution microscopy, 3D-electron tomography, and protease protection assay, we showed that unclosed autophagosomes accumulated in free1 mutants. Proteomic, cellular and biochemical analysis revealed the mechanistic connection between FREE1 and the ATG conjugation system/ESCRT-III complex in regulating autophagosome closure. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the evolutionary conserved plant energy sensor SnRK1α1 phosphorylates FREE1 and recruits it to the autophagosomes to promote closure. Mutagenesis of the phosphorylation site on FREE1 caused the autophagosome closure failure. Our findings unveil how cellular energy sensing pathways regulate autophagosome closure to maintain cellular homeostasis.
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Project description:Autophagy is a conserved process that recycles cellular contents to promote survival. Although nitrogen starvation is the canonical inducer of autophagy, recent studies have revealed several other nutrients important to this process. In this study, we used a quantitative, high-throughput assay to identify potassium starvation as a new and potent inducer of autophagy. We found that potassium-dependent autophagy requires the core pathway kinases Atg1, Atg5, Vps34, as well as other components of Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Complex I. Transmission electron microscopy revealed abundant autophagosome formation in response to both stimuli. RNA sequencing indicated distinct transcriptional responses – nitrogen affects transport of ions such as copper while potassium targets the organization of other cellular components. Thus, nitrogen and potassium share the ability to influence metabolic supply and demand but do so in different ways. Both inputs promote catabolism through bulk autophagy, but inhibit cellular anabolism through distinct mechanisms.
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