LncExACT1 and DCHS2 Regulate Physiological and Pathological Cardiac Growth
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PROVIDER: PRJNA772306 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The heart grows in response to pathological and physiological stimuli, while the former often precedes cardiomyocyte loss and heart failure, the latter paradoxically protects the heart and enhances cardiomyogenesis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in cardiac development and disease, less is known about their roles in physiological hypertrophy or cardiomyogenesis. The purpose of this study was to compare transcriptome profilings in exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth and stress-induced pathological cardiac growth. We identified a set of lncRNAs called long noncoding exercise associated cardiac transcripts (lncExACT). One of them, lncExACT1, whose cardiac expression was downregulated after exercise but upregulated after transverse aortic constriction. Inhibition of lncExACT1 induced physiolgoical cardiac growth while overexpression of lncExACT1 induced pathological hypertrophy and heart failure.
2022-10-18 | GSE186081 | GEO
Project description:Cardiac hypertrophy can lead to heart failure, and is induced either by physiological stimuli eg postnatal development, chronic exercise training or pathological stimuli eg pressure or volume overload. Majority of new therapies for heart failure has mixed outcomes. A combined mouse model and oligo-array approach are used to examine whether phosphoinositide 3-kinase (p110-alpha isoform) activity is critical for maintenance of cardiac function and long-term survival in a setting of heart failure. The significance and expected outcome are to recognise genes involved in models of heart failure ie pathological- vs physiology-hypertrophy, and examine the molecular mechanisms responsible for such activity. Growth of the heart can be induced by physiological stimuli e.g., postnatal development, chronic exercise training, or pathological stimuli e.g., pressure or volume overload. Physiological hypertrophy (“good”) is characterised by a normal organisation of cardiac structure, and normal or enhanced cardiac function. In comparison, pathological hypertrophy (”bad”) is associated with fibrosis, cardiac dysfunction, and increased morbidity and mortality. The mechanistic process which allows the heart to enlarge in response to physiological stimuli while maintaining normal or enhanced function is of great clinical relevance because one potential therapeutic strategy is to inhibit the pathological growth process while augmenting the physiological growth process. One of the major process that regulate heart size is by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Thus the end goal of this project is to determine whether the p110 alpha isoform of PI3K could be a potential tool for augmenting physiological growth and improving cardiac function of the failing diseased heart, and to examine the underlying mechanisms responsible. Keywords: Disease progression analysis
2010-03-08 | GSE7487 | GEO
Project description:This project is the comparison of protein profiles for pathological and physiological mouse cardiac hypertrophy
2018-07-30 | PXD010165 | Pride
Project description:Purpose: The physiological cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive condition that does not associate with myocyte cell death while pathological hypertrophy is a maladaptive condition associated with myocyte cell death. Alpha-2 macroglobulin (α-2M) an acute phase protein induces cardiac hypertrophy via the ERK1,2 and PI3K/Akt signaling. This study is aimed at exploring the miRNome of α-2M induced hypertrophied cardiomyocytes and to understand the role of miRNAs in determination of pathological and physiological hypertrophy. Methods: Hypertrophy was induced in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts using alpha-2 macroglobulin. The induction of hypertrophy is confirmed by microscopy and gene expression studies. Subsequently, the total RNA was isolated and small RNA sequencing was executed in Illumina HiSeq 2000. Results: Analysis of small RNA reads revealed the differential expression of a large set of miRNAs during hypertrophy. Among the differentially expressed candidates, miR-99 family (miR-99a, miR-99b and miR-100) showed significant downregulation upon α-2M treatment while isoproterenol treatment (pathological hypertrophy) upregulated their expression. The binding site for Egr1 transcription factor was identified in the promoter region of miR-99 family, and interestingly all miRNAs with Egr1 binding site proven by ChIP-Seq were downregulated during physiological hypertrophy Conclusions: The results proved Egr-1 mediated regulation of miR-99 family determines the uniqueness of pathological and physiological hypertrophy. Upregulated miR-99 expression during pathological hypertrophy suggests that it can be a valuable diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Small RNA profiles of control and hypertrophied cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells were generated by deep sequencing using Illumina HiSeq 2000
2015-11-01 | E-GEOD-73597 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Purpose: The physiological cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive condition that does not associate with myocyte cell death while pathological hypertrophy is a maladaptive condition associated with myocyte cell death. Alpha-2 macroglobulin (α-2M) an acute phase protein induces cardiac hypertrophy via the ERK1,2 and PI3K/Akt signaling. This study is aimed at exploring the miRNome of α-2M induced hypertrophied cardiomyocytes and to understand the role of miRNAs in determination of pathological and physiological hypertrophy. Methods: Hypertrophy was induced in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts using alpha-2 macroglobulin. The induction of hypertrophy is confirmed by microscopy and gene expression studies. Subsequently, the total RNA was isolated and small RNA sequencing was executed in Illumina HiSeq 2000. Results: Analysis of small RNA reads revealed the differential expression of a large set of miRNAs during hypertrophy. Among the differentially expressed candidates, miR-99 family (miR-99a, miR-99b and miR-100) showed significant downregulation upon α-2M treatment while isoproterenol treatment (pathological hypertrophy) upregulated their expression. The binding site for Egr1 transcription factor was identified in the promoter region of miR-99 family, and interestingly all miRNAs with Egr1 binding site proven by ChIP-Seq were downregulated during physiological hypertrophy Conclusions: The results proved Egr-1 mediated regulation of miR-99 family determines the uniqueness of pathological and physiological hypertrophy. Upregulated miR-99 expression during pathological hypertrophy suggests that it can be a valuable diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
2015-11-01 | GSE73597 | GEO
Project description:The study of the mechanisms leading to cardiac hypertrophy is essential to better understand cardiac development and regeneration. Pathological conditions such as ischemia or pressure overload can induce a release of extracellular nucleotides within the heart. We recently investigated the potential role of nucleotide P2Y receptors in cardiac development. We showed that adult P2Y4-null mice displayed microcardia resulting from defective cardiac angiogenesis. Here we show that loss of another P2Y subtype called P2Y6, a UDP receptor, was associated with a macrocardia phenotype and amplified pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiomyocyte proliferation and size were increased in vivo in hearts of P2Y6-null neonates, resulting in enhanced post-natal heart growth. We then observed that loss of P2Y6 receptor enhanced pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced after isoproterenol injection. We identified an inhibitory effect of UDP on in vitro isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy. The present study identifies mouse P2Y6 receptor as a regulator of cardiac development and cardiomyocyte function. P2Y6 receptor could constitute a therapeutic target to regulate cardiac hypertrophy.
2016-12-19 | GSE76215 | GEO
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRs), a group of small and non-coding RNAs, negatively regulate gene expression via promoting messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or blocking mRNA translation. Many miRs have been recognized as biomarkers or possible targets for the diagnosis or therapy of some diseases. Among them, miR-142-3p was involved in the occurrences and progression of various cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies found that miR-142-3p upregulation could ameliorate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced transdifferentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and collagen deposition. miR-142-3p-mediacted autophagy was reported as a novel mechanism towards I/R-induced cardiac injure. Besides, miR-142-3p could mitigate myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, it is worth studying whether silencing miR-142-3p may affect the pathological and physiological functions of cardiac fibroblasts.
2024-03-27 | GSE262000 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundThe heart grows in response to pathological and physiological stimuli. The former often precedes cardiomyocyte loss and heart failure; the latter paradoxically protects the heart and enhances cardiomyogenesis. The mechanisms underlying these differences remain incompletely understood. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in cardiac development and disease, less is known about their roles in physiological hypertrophy or cardiomyogenesis.MethodsRNA sequencing was applied to hearts from mice after 8 weeks of voluntary exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy and cardiomyogenesis or transverse aortic constriction for 2 or 8 weeks to induce pathological hypertrophy or heart failure. The top lncRNA candidate was overexpressed in hearts with adeno-associated virus vectors and inhibited with antisense locked nucleic acid-GapmeRs to examine its function. Downstream effectors were identified through promoter analyses and binding assays. The functional roles of a novel downstream effector, dachsous cadherin-related 2 (DCHS2), were examined through transgenic overexpression in zebrafish and cardiac-specific deletion in Cas9-knockin mice.ResultsWe identified exercise-regulated cardiac lncRNAs, called lncExACTs. lncExACT1 was evolutionarily conserved and decreased in exercised hearts but increased in human and experimental heart failure. Cardiac lncExACT1 overexpression caused pathological hypertrophy and heart failure; lncExACT1 inhibition induced physiological hypertrophy and cardiomyogenesis, protecting against cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. lncExACT1 functioned by regulating microRNA-222, calcineurin signaling, and Hippo/Yap1 signaling through DCHS2. Cardiomyocyte DCHS2 overexpression in zebrafish induced pathological hypertrophy and impaired cardiac regeneration, promoting scarring after injury. In contrast, murine DCHS2 deletion induced physiological hypertrophy and promoted cardiomyogenesis.ConclusionsThese studies identify lncExACT1-DCHS2 as a novel pathway regulating cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyogenesis. lncExACT1-DCHS2 acts as a master switch toggling the heart between physiological and pathological growth to determine functional outcomes, providing a potentially tractable therapeutic target for harnessing the beneficial effects of exercise.
| S-EPMC9056949 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The heart adapts to increased workload through hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes. Although beneficial when induced physiologically by exercise, pathological cues including hypertension cause reexpression of fetal genes and dysfunctional hypertrophy, with lasting consequences for cardiac health. We hypothesised that these differences are driven by changes in chromatin-encoded cellular memory. We generated genome-wide maps of transcription and of two stable epigenetic marks, H3K9me2 and H3K27me3, specifically in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes, by selectively flow-sorting their nuclei. This demonstrated a pervasive loss of euchromatic H3K9me2 specifically upon pathological but not physiological hypertrophy, derepressing genes associated with pathological hypertrophy. Levels of the H3K9 methyltransferases, G9a and GLP, were correspondingly reduced. Importantly, pharmacological or genetic inactivation of these enzymes was sufficient to induce pathological hypertrophy and the dedifferentiation associated with it. These findings suggest novel therapeutic opportunities by defining an epigenetic state of cardiomyocytes, acquired during maturation, which is required for maintaining cardiac health.
2016-12-05 | GSE66653 | GEO
Project description:The heart undergoes physiological hypertrophy during pregnancy in healthy individuals. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is now prevalent in women of child-bearing age and might add risks of adverse cardiovascular events during pregnancy. The present study asks if cardiac remodeling during pregnancy in obese individuals with MetS is abnormal and whether this predisposes them to a higher risk for cardiovascular disorders. The idea that MetS induces pathological cardiac remodeling during pregnancy was studied in a long-term (15 weeks) Western diet–feeding animal model that recapitulated features of human MetS. Pregnant female mice with Western diet (45% kcal fat)–induced MetS were compared with pregnant and nonpregnant females fed a control diet (10% kcal fat). Pregnant mice fed a Western diet had increased heart mass and exhibited key features of pathological hypertrophy, including fibrosis and upregulation of fetal genes associated with pathological hypertrophy. Hearts from pregnant animals with WD-induced MetS had a distinct gene expression profile that could underlie their pathological remodeling. Concurrently, pregnant female mice with MetS showed more severe cardiac hypertrophy and exacerbated cardiac dysfunction when challenged with angiotensin II/phenylephrine infusion after delivery. These results suggest that preexisting MetS could disrupt physiological hypertrophy during pregnancy to produce pathological cardiac remodeling that could predispose the heart to chronic disorders.
2023-07-13 | GSE237063 | GEO