Project description:Analysis of microbial community composition in arctic tundra and boreal forest soils using serial analysis of ribosomal sequence tags (SARST). Keywords: other
Project description:Because they comprise some of the most efficient wood-decayers, Polyporales fungi impact carbon cycling in forest environment. The transcriptomic trends of selected Polyporales species from the core polyporoid and phlebioid clades during degradation of diverse lignocellulosic substrates led to the discovery of conserved gene sets regulated for plant cell wall degradation. Our results unveil some of the mechanisms underlying Polyporales diversification and pinpoint to yet overlooked proteins that could contribute to the ability of Polyporales to degrade recalcitrant plant cell wall polymers.
Project description:Because they comprise some of the most efficient wood-decayers, Polyporales fungi impact carbon cycling in forest environment. The transcriptomic trends of selected Polyporales species from the core polyporoid and phlebioid clades during degradation of diverse lignocellulosic substrates led to the discovery of conserved gene sets regulated for plant cell wall degradation. Our results unveil some of the mechanisms underlying Polyporales diversification and pinpoint to yet overlooked proteins that could contribute to the ability of Polyporales to degrade recalcitrant plant cell wall polymers.
Project description:Because they comprise some of the most efficient wood-decayers, Polyporales fungi impact carbon cycling in forest environment. The transcriptomic trends of selected Polyporales species from the core polyporoid and phlebioid clades during degradation of diverse lignocellulosic substrates led to the discovery of conserved gene sets regulated for plant cell wall degradation. Our results unveil some of the mechanisms underlying Polyporales diversification and pinpoint to yet overlooked proteins that could contribute to the ability of Polyporales to degrade recalcitrant plant cell wall polymers.
Project description:Because they comprise some of the most efficient wood-decayers, Polyporales fungi impact carbon cycling in forest environment. The transcriptomic trends of selected Polyporales species from the core polyporoid and phlebioid clades during degradation of diverse lignocellulosic substrates led to the discovery of conserved gene sets regulated for plant cell wall degradation. Our results unveil some of the mechanisms underlying Polyporales diversification and pinpoint to yet overlooked proteins that could contribute to the ability of Polyporales to degrade recalcitrant plant cell wall polymers.
Project description:Clipping (i.e., harvesting aboveground plant biomass) is common in agriculture and for bioenergy production. However, microbial responses to clipping in the context of climate warming are poorly understood. We investigated the interactive effects of grassland warming and clipping on soil properties, plant and microbial communities, in particular microbial functional genes. Clipping alone did not change the plant biomass production, but warming and clipping combined increased the C4 peak biomass by 47% and belowground net primary production by 110%. Clipping alone and in combination with warming decreased the soil carbon input from litter by 81% and 75%, respectively. With less carbon input, the abundances of genes involved in degrading relatively recalcitrant carbon increased by 38-137% in response to either clipping or the combined treatment, which could weaken the long-term soil carbon stability and trigger a positive feedback to warming. Clipping alone also increased the abundance of genes for nitrogen fixation, mineralization and denitrification by 32-39%. The potentially stimulated nitrogen fixation could help compensate for the 20% decline in soil ammonium caused by clipping alone, and contribute to unchanged plant biomass. Moreover, clipping tended to interact antagonistically with warming, especially on nitrogen cycling genes, demonstrating that single factor studies cannot predict multifactorial changes. These results revealed that clipping alone or in combination with warming altered soil and plant properties, as well as the abundance and structure of soil microbial functional genes. The aboveground biomass removal for biofuel production needs to be re-considered as the long-term soil carbon stability may be weakened.
Project description:Wood stiffness is the most important wood quality trait of forest trees for structural timber production. We investigated genes differentially transcribed in radiate pine trees with distinct wood stiffness using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and cDNA microarrays. Transcript accumulation in earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) of high (HS) and low stiffness (LS) trees in two progeny trials was compared.
Project description:Because they comprise some of the most efficient wood-decayers, Polyporales fungi impact carbon cycling in forest environment. The transcriptomic trends of selected Polyporales species from the core polyporoid and phlebioid clades during degradation of diverse lignocellulosic substrates led to the discovery of conserved gene sets regulated for plant cell wall degradation. Our results unveil some of the mechanisms underlying Polyporales diversification and pinpoint to yet overlooked proteins that could contribute to the ability of Polyporales to degrade recalcitrant plant cell wall polymers. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Project description:The decomposition of large woody material is an important process in forest carbon cycling and nutrient release. Cord-forming saprotrophic basidiomycete fungi create non-resource limited mycelial networks between decomposing branches, logs and tree stumps on the forest floor where colonisation of new resource is often associated with the replacement of incumbent decay communities. Cord-forming species often dominate competition hierarchies in controlled paired antagonism experiments and have been shown to translocate resource to support colonisation and produce inhibitory metabolites. To date, antagonism experiments have mostly placed competing fungi in direct contact, while in nature cord-forming saprobes encounter colonised wood as mycelia in a network. Here we used soil-based microcosms that allowed foraging cord-forming Hypholoma fasciculare to encounter a wood block colonised by Trametes versicolor and conducted transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of the interaction. Cellular processes and metabolic responses to the competitive interaction were identified, where protein turnover featured strongly for both species. H. fasciculare demonstrated an exploitative profile with increased transcription of enzymes that targeted carbohydrate polymers of the substrate and in RNA and ribosome processing. T. versicolor showed a shift in signalling, energy generation and amino acid metabolism. Putative genes involved in secondary metabolite production were identified in both species. This study highlights the importance of ecologically-relevant experimental design when considering complex processes such as community development during wood decomposition
