Project description:Changes in Nematostella vectensis proteome expression were analyzed in 2 different Nematostella populations along the east coast of USA in different stress conditions vrs. normal growth temperature.
Project description:Goal: To determine the effects of capture-release events in wild dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Methods: An analysis of the Peripheral Blood Leukocyte (PBL) transcriptome was conducted on a group of 20 animals. The samples were collected in 2 different locations along the US east coast (Charleston, SC; Indian River Lagoon, FL) and 2 blood samples were collected for each dolphin 1) immediately after the capture event (*pre*) and 2) just before the animal was released (*post*). In between *pre* and *post* blood collections (30-40 minutes) additional samples were collected from the animals for physiological, chemical and biochemical analysis. RNA extracted from *pre* and *post* blood samples was used for micorarray hybridizations and transcriptome analysis using a species-specific PBL cDNA microarray (Mancia *et al*., 2007). Keywords: blood cells (PBL)
Project description:Remaining adult bees in colonies suffering from CCD at apiaries in Florida, California and Pennsylvania were collected during the winter of 2006-2007. The health of CCD colonies was scored at the time of collection as either ï¾severeï¾ or ï¾mildï¾ depending on the apparent strength of the colony. ï¾Historicalï¾ bees, collected prior to the appearance of CCD and hence ostensibly healthy, were collected in 2004 and 2005 from colonies set up on new equipment and not receiving any miticide treatments from apiaries of The Pennsylvania State University near State College, PA. A combination looped, common-reference microarray design was used to compare historical and CCD samples with each other; a blend of RNA isolated from healthy colonies (collected near Urbana, IL in July 2007) served as reference. The microarray experiment compared the guts of bees from mildly and severely afflicted colonies collected in apiaries experiencing CCD on the East Coast (Florida and Pennsylvania) and West Coast (California) with a common reference.
Project description:Gas hydrates, also known as clathrates, are cages of ice-like water crystals encasing gas molecules such as methane (CH4). Despite the global importance of gas hydrates, their microbiomes remain mysterious. Microbial cells are physically associated with hydrates, and the taxonomy of these hydrate-associated microbiomes is distinct from non-hydrate-bearing sites. Global 16S rRNA gene surveys show that members of sub-clade JS-1 of the uncultivated bacterial candidate phylum Atribacteria are the dominant taxa in gas hydrates. The Atribacteria phylogeny is highly diverse, suggesting the potential for wide functional variation and niche specialization. Here, we examined the distribution, phylogeny, and metabolic potential of uncultivated Atribacteria in cold, salty, and high-pressure sediments beneath Hydrate Ridge, off the coast of Oregon, USA, using a combination of 16S rRNA gene amplicon, metagenomic, and metaproteomic analysis. Methods were developed to extract bacterial cellular protein from these sediments, as outlined below. Sample Description Three sediments samples were collected from beneath Hydrate Ridge, off the coast of Oregon, USA. Sediments were cored at ODP site 1244 (44°35.1784´N; 125°7.1902´W; 895 m water depth) on the eastern flank of Hydrate Ridge ~3 km northeast of the southern summit on ODP Leg 204 in 2002 and stored at -80°C at the IODP Gulf Coast Repository. E10H5 sediment is from 68.5 meters below sediment surface interface C1H2 sediment is from 2 meters below sediment surface interface. C3H4 sediment is from 21 meters below sediment surface interface.
Project description:The incidence of breast cancer has been rapidly increasing in East Asia. This is the first study of genome wide copy number of breast cancer in East Asia. We conducted this study to compare the genetic alterations between East and West.
Project description:Contemporary Jews comprise an aggregate of ethno-religious communities whose worldwide members identify with each other through various shared religious, historical, and cultural traditions1,2. Historical evidence suggests common origins in the Middle East, followed by migrations leading to the establishment of communities of Jews in Europe, Africa, and Asia - in what is termed the Jewish Diaspora3-5. This complex demographic history imposes special challenges in attempting to address the genetic structure of the Jewish people6. While many genetic studies have shed light on Jewish diseases and origins, including those focusing on uniparentally- and biparentally-inherited markers7-16, genome-wide patterns of variation across the vast geographic span of Jewish Diaspora communities and their respective neighbors have yet to be addressed. Here we use high-density bead arrays to genotype individuals from 14 Jewish Diaspora communities, and compare these patterns of genome-wide diversity with those from 69 Old World non-Jewish populations, of which 25 have not been previously reported. These samples were carefully chosen to provide comprehensive comparisons between Jewish and non-Jewish populations in the Diaspora, as well as with non-Jewish populations from the Middle East and North Africa. Principal component and structure-like analyses identify previously unrecognized genetic substructure within the Middle East. Most Jewish samples form a remarkably tight sub-cluster that overlies Druze and Cypriot samples, but not samples from other Levantine populations or paired Diaspora host populations. In contrast, Ethiopian Jews (Beta Israel) and Bene Israel Indian Jews cluster with neighbouring autochthonous populations in Ethiopia and western India, respectively; despite a clear paternal link between the Bene Israel and the Levant. These results cast light on the variegated genetic architecture of the Middle East, and trace the origins of most Jewish Diaspora communities to the Levant.