Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-related Stress
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PROVIDER: PRJNA776276 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Prenatal adversity or stress can have long-term consequences on developmental trajec-tories and health outcomes. Although the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, have the potential to link early-life environments to alterations in physiological systems, with long-term functional impli-cations. We investigated the consequences of two prenatal insults, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and food-related stress, on DNA methylation profiles of the rat brain during early devel-opment. As these insults can have sex-specific effects on biological outcomes, we analyzed epige-nome-wide DNA methylation patterns in prefrontal cortex, a key brain region involved in cogni-tion, executive function, and behavior, of both males and females. We found sex-dependent and sex-concordant influences of these insults on epigenetic patterns. These alterations occurred in genes and pathways related to brain development and immune function, suggesting that PAE and food-related stress may reprogram neurobiological/physiological systems partly through central epigenetic changes, and may do so in a sex-dependent manner. Such epigenetic changes may re-flect the sex-specific effects of prenatal insults on long-term functional and health outcomes and may have important implications for understanding possible mechanisms underlying fetal alco-hol spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
2021-11-01 | GSE186840 | GEO
Project description:Prenatal adversity or stress can have long-term consequences on developmental trajectories and health outcomes. Although the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, have the potential to link early-life environments to alterations in physiological systems, with long-term functional implications. We investigated the consequences of two prenatal insults, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and food-related stress, on DNA methylation profiles of the rat brain during early development. As these insults can have sex-specific effects on biological outcomes, we analyzed epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns in prefrontal cortex, a key brain region involved in cognition, executive function, and behavior, of both males and females. We found sex-dependent and sex-concordant influences of these insults on epigenetic patterns. These alterations occurred in genes and pathways related to brain development and immune function, suggesting that PAE and food-related stress may reprogram neurobiological/physiological systems partly through central epigenetic changes, and may do so in a sex-dependent manner. Such epigenetic changes may reflect the sex-specific effects of prenatal insults on long-term functional and health outcomes and have important implications for understanding possible mechanisms underlying fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Project description:Sex estimation of human remains from demineralized blocks of tooth enamel by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC- MS/MS) and proteomic analysis of sexually dimorphic amelogenin peptides. The detection of the Y-isoform of amelogenin is used to estimate male sex. The combined signal intensity of the sexually dimorphic peptides from each samples of known sex is used to establish a statistical framework for the estimation of the female sex probability.
2018-11-29 | PXD009781 | Pride
Project description:Prenatal exposure to environmental toxins induces sexually dimorphic transcriptome changes in neonatal offspring
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Project description:The liver is one of the most sexually dimorphic organs as measured by gene expression differences. About 80% of the sexually dimorphic genes are known to be regulated by growth hormone (GH). Somatostatin (SST) inhibits the release of GH. We generated a SST-knockout mouse and analyzed the hepatic gene expression changes in both sexes.
2014-12-01 | GSE56520 | GEO
Project description:Sexually dimorphic traits are by definition exaggerated in one sex, which may arise from a history of sex-specific selection â in males, females, or both. If this exaggeration comes at a cost, exaggeration is expected to be greater in higher condition individuals (condition-dependent). Although studies using small numbers of morphological traits are generally supportive, this prediction has not been examined at a larger scale. We test this prediction across the trancriptome by determining the condition-dependence of sex-biased (dimorphic) gene expression. We find that high-condition populations are more sexually dimorphic in transcription than low-condition populations. High condition populations have more male-biased genes and more female-biased genes, and a greater degree of sexually dimorphic expression in these genes. Also, condition-dependence in male-biased genes was greater than in a set of unbiased genes. Interestingly, male-biased genes expressed in the testes were not more condition-dependent than those in the soma. By contrast, increased female-biased expression under high condition may be have occurred because of the greater contribution of the ovary-specific transcripts to the entire mRNA pool. We did not find any genomic signatures distinguishing the condition-dependent sex-biased genes. The degree of condition-dependent sexual dimorphism (CDSD) did not differ between the autosomes and the X-chromosome. There was only weak evidence that rates of evolution correlated with CDSD. We suggest that the sensitivity of both female-biased genes and male-biased genes to condition may be akin to the overall heightened sensitivity to condition that life-history and sexually selected traits tend to exhibit. Our results demonstrate that through condition-dependence, early life experience has dramatic effects on sexual dimorphism in the adult transcriptome. There were 8 biologically distinct samples. Each was replicated 6 times for a total of 48 biological samples on 24 arrays. There was no reference or control sample as a loop design was used. Each of the 48 samples are represented separately.
2010-01-31 | E-GEOD-19973 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:There is increasing appreciation for sexually dimorphic effects, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are only partially understood. In the present study, we explored transcriptomics and epigenetic differences in the small intestine and colon of prepubescent male and female mice. In addition, the microbiota composition of the colonic luminal content has been examined. At postnatal day 14, male and female C57BL/6 mice were sacrificed and the small intestine, colon and content of luminal colon were isolated. Gene expression of both segments of the intestine was analysed by microarray analysis. DNA methylation of the promoter regions of selected sexually dimorphic genes was examined by pyrosequencing. Composition of the microbiota was explored by deep sequencing. Sexually dimorphic genes were observed in both segments of the intestine of 2-week-old mouse pups, with a stronger effect in the small intestine. Amongst the total of 349 genes displaying a sexually dimorphic effect in the small intestine and/or colon, several candidates exhibited a previously established function in the intestine (i.e. Nts, Nucb2, Alox5ap and Retnlγ). In addition, differential expression of genes linked to intestinal bowel disease (i.e. Ccr3, Ccl11 and Tnfr) and colorectal cancer development (i.e. Wt1 and Mmp25) was observed between males and females. Amongst the genes displaying significant sexually dimorphic expression, nine genes were histone-modifying enzymes, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms might be a potential underlying regulatory mechanism. However, our results reveal no significant changes in DNA methylation of analysed CpGs within the selected differentially expressed genes. With respect to the bacterial community composition in the colon, a dominant effect of litter origin was found but no significant sex effect was detected. However, a sex effect on the dominance of specific taxa was observed. This study reveals molecular dissimilarities between males and females in the small intestine and colon of prepubescent mice, which might underlie differences in physiological functioning and in disease predisposition in the two sexes. Small intestine and colon were isolated from two-week old pups of dams fed a low-fat diet and subjected to gene expression profiling
2015-09-02 | E-GEOD-57516 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The first trimester is a critical window of maternal-fetal communication for pregnancy. RNA-sequencing of matched maternal decidua (4) and placenta (4) identified 91 sexually dimorphic receptor-ligand pairs across the maternal-fetal interface, 32 in females and 59 in males.
2020-08-20 | GSE131874 | GEO
Project description:Investigate cellular and molecular control of sexually dimorphic behaviours in PiC neurons
2024-01-22 | GSE218615 | GEO
Project description:Our findings suggest that gender is underwritten in the epigenome in a tissue-specific manner. Gender-specific epigenetic states are likely to have important implications for understanding sexually dimorphic phenotypes in health and disease.
2017-07-19 | GSE84573 | GEO