Cancer cell non-autonomous tumor progression from chromosomal instability
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA784799 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a driver of cancer metastasis and immune evasion. Yet, the extent to which this effect depends on the immune system remains unknown. Here we show that CIN-induced chronic activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in cancer cells induces signal re-wiring downstream of STING, promoting a pro-metastatic tumor microenvironment (TME). Using ContactTracing, a newly developed, validated, and benchmarked tool to infer conditionally-dependent cell-cell interactions from single cell transcriptomic data, we identify a cancer cell-derived STING-dependent ER stress response that remodels a TME replete with immune suppressive myeloid cells and dysfunctional T cells. Simultaneously, CIN-induced chronic STING activation leads to interferon-specific tach-yphylaxis reinforcing immune suppression. Reversal of CIN, depletion of cancer cell STING, or inhibition of ER stress signaling upends CIN-dependent effects on the TME and suppresses metastasis in immune competent, but not severely immune compromised settings. Treatment with STING inhibitors reduces CIN-driven metastasis in melanoma, breast, and colorectal cancer. Finally, we show that CIN and pervasive cGAS activation in micronuclei are associated with ER stress signaling, immune suppression, and metastasis in human triple-negative breast cancer; highlighting a viable strategy to identify and therapeutically intervene in tumors spurred by CIN-induced inflammation.
2023-06-20 | GSE189856 | GEO
Project description:Loss of Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 activity and chromosomal instability drive uveal melanoma progression
| PRJNA674769 | ENA
Project description:Chromosomal instability (CIN) and epigenetic alterations have been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. Yet, how these two hallmarks of cancer are related remains poorly understood. By integrating genetic, epigenetic, and functional analyses at the single cell level, we show that the progression of uveal melanoma (UM), the most common intraocular primary cancer, is driven by loss of Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) in a subpopulation of tumor cells. This is done by transcriptionally profiling 17,074 single cells obtained from fresh surgical human samples taken from primary tumors (n = 6). These samples were derived from patients spanning various stages of tumour progression without enrichment for a specific cell type, such that the entire tumour and its microenvironment were sampled in an unbiased manner. Data from all patients were merged to create a global cell atlas.
2021-08-05 | GSE160883 | GEO
Project description:Chromosomal instability (CIN), a high rate of chromosome loss or gain, is often associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance in cancers. Aneuploid, including near-polyploid, cells contain an abnormal number of chromosomes and exhibit CIN. The post-mitotic cell fates following generation of different degrees of chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy are unclear. Here we used aneuploidy inducers, nocodazole and reversine, to create different levels of aneuploidy. A higher extent of aneuploid and near-polyploid cells in a given population led to senescence. This was in contrast to cells with relatively lower levels of abnormal ploidy that continued to proliferate. Our findings revealed that senescence was accompanied by DNA damage and robust p53 activation. These senescent cells acquired the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Depletion of p53 reduced the number of senescent cells with concomitant increase in cells undergoing DNA replication. Characterisation of these SASP factors demonstrated that they conferred paracrine pro-tumourigenic effects such as invasion, migration and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, a correlation between increased aneuploidy and senescence was observed at the invasive front in breast carcinomas. Our findings demonstrate functional non-equivalence of discernable aneuploidies on tumourigenesis and suggest a cell non-autonomous mechanism by which aneuploidy-induced senescent cells and SASP can affect the tumour microenvironment to promote tumour progression.
| S-EPMC6092349 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chromosomal instability (CIN), defined as an increased occurrence of chromosome segregation errors during cell division, is a prominent form of genomic instability (Bakhoum and Avi Landau, 2017). It is the major cause of aneuploidy, an imbalanced complement of whole chromosomes or chromosome arms, which is the most prevalent genetic alteration in human cancers (Vasudevan et al., 2021; Santaguida and Amon, 2015). Importantly, aneuploidy is commonly associated with ongoing CIN through consecutive cell divisions (Shelzer et al. 2011; Passerini et al., 2016), resulting in intratumor genetic heterogeneity, a central driver of cancer evolution and therapeutic resistance (Sansregret et al., 2018; Ben-David and Amon, 2019). Indeed, aneuploidy has been shown to act both as a tumor suppressor and as a tumor initiator (Weaver et al., 2007; Silk et al., 2013; Vasudevan et al., 2020), most likely depending on the specific chromosomes that are gained or lost (Ben-David et al., 2011; Sack et al., 2018; Adell et al., 2023). Despite the ubiquitous presence of CIN in several aneuploid cancer types and its clinical relevance, its presence in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains largely unexplored owing to the impaired proliferation of leukemic cells in vitro and the lack of reliable experimental models to comprehensively assess chromosome segregation in vivo. B-ALL is the most frequent childhood cancer, with 75% of cases occurring in children under 6 years of age, and it is characterized by the accumulation of highly proliferative immature B-cell precursors in the bone marrow (BM) (Hunger and Mullighan, 2015). The presence of CIN and its contribution to aneuploid cB-ALL progression is largely unknown due to the lack of preclinical models to study actively dividing cells. Accordingly, studies of CIN in cB-ALL are limited to the characterization of chromosomal copy-number heterogeneity (chr-CNH) in primary cB-ALL samples, but there is controversy over its presence due to the different techniques used to assess karyotype variability (Raimondi et al., 1996; Talamo et al., 2010; Alpar et al., 2014; Heerema et al.; 2007; Ramos-Muntada et al., 2022). Here, we explored the presence and the levels of CIN in different clinically-relevant aneuploid subtypes of cB-ALL using single-cell whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of primary samples to reliably assess chr-CNH, and by generating a large cohort of PDX models from primary cB-ALL samples (cB-ALL-PDX). Our results in cB-ALL-PDX models revealed variable levels of CIN in aneuploid cB-ALL subtypes, which significantly correlate with intraclonal karyotype heterogeneity and with disease progression. Additionally, mass-spectrometry analyses of cB-ALL-PDX samples revealed a CIN “signature” enriched in mitosis and chromosome segregation regulatory pathways. We speculate that this signature identifies adaptive mechanisms to ongoing CIN in aneuploid cB-ALL cells, which displayed a transcriptional signature characterized by an impaired mitotic spindle as observed by RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analyses of a large cohort of primary cB-ALL patient samples. Our work might help to improve stratification of patients with cB-ALL with different levels of CIN who could benefit in the future from new therapeutic approaches aiming to target ongoing CIN.
2023-09-15 | PXD042785 | Pride
Project description:Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer, and it results from ongoing errors in chromosome segregation during mitosis. While CIN is a major driver of tumor evolution, its role in metastasis has not been established. Here we show that CIN promotes metastasis by sustaining a tumor-cell autonomous inflammatory response to cytosolic DNA. Errors in chromosome segregation create a preponderance of micronuclei whose envelopes frequently rupture exposing their DNA content to the cytosol. This leads to the activation of the cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway and downstream noncanonical NF-kB signaling. Genetic suppression of CIN significantly delays metastasis in transplantable tumor models, whereas inducing chromosome segregation errors promotes cellular invasion and metastasis in a STING-dependent manner. In contrast to primary tumors, human and mouse metastases strongly select for CIN, in part, due to its ability to enrich for metastasis-initiating mesenchymal subpopulations, offering an opportunity to target chromosome segregation errors for therapeutic benefit.
2018-01-15 | GSE98183 | GEO
Project description:Background and Aims: Telomere dysfunction can increase tumor initiation by induction of chromosomal instability, but initiated tumor cells need to reactivate telomerase for genome stabilization and tumor progression. However, this concept has not been proven in vivo since appropriate mouse models were lacking. Here, we analyzed hepatocarcinogenesis (i) in a novel mouse model of inducible telomere dysfunction on a telomerase-proficient background, (ii) in telomerase knockout mice with chronic telomere dysfunction (G3 mTerc-/-), and (iii) in wild-type mice with functional telomeres and telomerase. Transient or chronic telomere dysfunction enhanced the rates of chromosomal aberrations during hepatocarcinogenesis, but only telomerase-proficient mice exhibited significantly increased rates of macroscopic tumor formation and cancer cell proliferation in response to telomere dysfunction. In contrast, telomere dysfunction resulted in pronounced accumulation of DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in telomerase-deficient liver tumors. Together, these data provide the first in vivo evidence that transient telomere dysfunction during early and late stages of tumorigenesis can promote chromosomal instability and carcinogenesis in telomerase-proficient mice in the absence of additional genetic checkpoint defects at germline level.
2012-03-31 | GSE36813 | GEO
Project description:Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) tumors and derived cell lines are characterized by complex chromosomal abnormalities. The availability of molecular genome profiling techniques such as array CGH have markedly enabled the high-resolution genome analysis of tumor genomes, as well as helped elucidate the mechanisms leading to their complexity. The identification of tumor-specific genomic profiles is currently the focus of many array CGH studies, but there have been no analyses to date documenting the genomic signatures consistent with chromosomal instability mechanisms in OS. Results: In this study we utilized high-resolution oligonucleotide array CGH to interrogate recurrent signatures of genomic imbalance in 10 OS tumors that were consistent with the breakage fusion bridge(BFB) mechanism. Comparative analysis of the tumors showed that they exhibited varying levels of genomic imbalance. The analysis also highlighted three chromosomal regions (6p21 ~ p22, 8q24 and 17p11.2 ~ p12) that were consistently involved in high level gain or amplification events. These three regions have been previously shown by us to be not only involved in high-level imbalance in OS-derived cell lines, but also to exhibit similar imbalance profiles consistent with BFB-related events. Karyotype and dual-color FISH analysis showed that repeated rearrangements of these unstable chromosomes through BFB cycles may create a heterogeneous pattern of copy number alterations. Conclusions: This genome-wide analysis is the first to utilize oligonucleotide array CGH and FISH analysis to derive possible genomic signatures of chromosomal instability in OS tumors. Perpetuation of the BFB cycle will create a heterogeneous pattern of copy number alterations by repeated rearrangement of the unstable tumor genome., thereby generating diverse phenotypes The resulting phenotypic diversity can generate tumors with a propensity for an aggressive disease course. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms events leading to tumor development could result in the identification of prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Keywords: osteosarcoma, chromosomal instability, gene amplification, breakage-fusion-bridge cycle, oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization
2007-11-21 | GSE9654 | GEO
Project description:Disruption of the MSL complex inhibits tumor maintenance by exacerbating chromosomal instability
| PRJNA602514 | ENA
Project description:Background and Aims: Telomere dysfunction can increase tumor initiation by induction of chromosomal instability, but initiated tumor cells need to reactivate telomerase for genome stabilization and tumor progression. However, this concept has not been proven in vivo since appropriate mouse models were lacking. Here, we analyzed hepatocarcinogenesis (i) in a novel mouse model of inducible telomere dysfunction on a telomerase-proficient background, (ii) in telomerase knockout mice with chronic telomere dysfunction (G3 mTerc-/-), and (iii) in wild-type mice with functional telomeres and telomerase. Transient or chronic telomere dysfunction enhanced the rates of chromosomal aberrations during hepatocarcinogenesis, but only telomerase-proficient mice exhibited significantly increased rates of macroscopic tumor formation and cancer cell proliferation in response to telomere dysfunction. In contrast, telomere dysfunction resulted in pronounced accumulation of DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in telomerase-deficient liver tumors. Together, these data provide the first in vivo evidence that transient telomere dysfunction during early and late stages of tumorigenesis can promote chromosomal instability and carcinogenesis in telomerase-proficient mice in the absence of additional genetic checkpoint defects at germline level. RNA from liver tumors derived from from DEN treated TTD+ mice TTD- mice and RNA from normal liver 48h-72h after doxycycline induced transient telomere dysfunction in TTD+ and TTD- liver were isolated and RNA was extracted. Agilent Mouse 4x44K v2 arrays were used. DNA from liver tumors and corrresponding kidney as control derived from from DEN treated TTD+ mice, TTD- mice and mTERC-/- G3 mice was isolated and extracted using Phenol/Chloroform. Agilent Mouse 4x44K and Mouse 1x244K arrays were used.
2012-03-30 | E-GEOD-36813 | biostudies-arrayexpress