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Pyrite & AQDS

ABSTRACT: pyrite & AQDS Transcriptome

PROVIDER: PRJNA792438 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR17333814_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR17333814_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR17333815_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR17333815_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR17333816_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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pyrite & AQDS

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Project description:The pyrite mine of Lousal, Grândola, Portugal, was discovered in 1882 and extensively exploited from 1900 until its closure in 1988 when the mining ores were not viable economically. Aiming at becoming a cultural-touristic center, the mining area was rehabilitated raising a Mining Museum and a Science Centre along with the reopening of a mining gallery for public access. In recent times, aerobiological studies on subterranean environments such as caves, mines and archeological necropolis revealed to be an important source of novel bacteria, from which their biotechnological potential are under study. Here we present a Pseudomonas sp. isolated from the mine air with potential secondary metabolite biosynthesis, resistance to antibiotics and virulence factors.

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Project description:Methanogens inhabit euxinic (sulfide-rich) or ferruginous (iron-rich) environments that promote the precipitation of transition metals as metal sulfides, such as pyrite, reducing metal or sulfur availability. Such environments have been common throughout Earth’s history raising the question as to how anaerobes obtain(ed) these elements for the synthesis of enzyme cofactors. Here, we show a methanogen can synthesize molybdenum nitrogenase metallocofactors from pyrite as the source of iron and sulfur, enabling nitrogen fixation. Pyrite-grown, nitrogen-fixing cells grow faster and require 25-fold less molybdenum than cells grown under euxinic conditions. Growth yields are 3 to 8 times higher in cultures grown under ferruginous relative to euxinic conditions. Physiological, transcriptomic, and geochemical data indicate these observations are due to sulfide-promoted metal limitation, in particular molybdenum. These findings suggest that molybdenum nitrogenase may have originated in a ferruginous environment that titrated sulfide to form pyrite, facilitating the availability of sufficient iron, sulfur, and molybdenum for cofactor biosynthesis.

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Project description:The formation and fate of pyrite (FeS2) modulates global iron, sulfur, carbon, and oxygen biogeochemical cycles and has done so since early in Earth's geological history. A longstanding paradigm is that FeS2 is stable at low temperature and is unavailable to microorganisms in the absence of oxygen and oxidative weathering. Here, we show that methanogens can catalyze the reductive dissolution of FeS2 at low temperature (≤38 °C) and utilize dissolution products to meet cellular iron and sulfur demands associated with the biosynthesis of simple and complex co-factors. Direct access to FeS2 is required to catalyze its reduction and/or to assimilate iron monosulfide that likely forms through coupled reductive dissolution and precipitation, consistent with close associations observed between cells and FeS2. These findings demonstrate that FeS2 is bioavailable to anaerobic methanogens and can be mobilized in low temperature anoxic environments. Given that methanogens evolved at least 3.46 Gya, these data indicate that the microbial contribution to the iron and sulfur cycles in ancient and contemporary anoxic environments may be more complex and robust than previously recognized, with impacts on the sources and sinks of iron and sulfur and other bio-essential and thiophilic elements such as nickel and cobalt.

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