Human Gut Microbiome
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA792991 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR17375738_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17375738_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17375739_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17375739_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17375740_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Aging is associated with declining immunity and inflammation as well as alterations in the gut microbiome with a decrease of beneficial microbes and increase in pathogenic ones. The aim of this study was to investigate aging associated gut microbiome in relation to immunologic and metabolic profile in a non-human primate (NHP) model. 12 old (age>18 years) and 4 young (age 3-6 years) Rhesus macaques were included in this study. Immune cell subsets were characterized in PBMC by flow cytometry and plasma cytokines levels were determined by bead based multiplex cytokine analysis. Stool samples were collected by ileal loop and investigated for microbiome analysis by shotgun metagenomics. Serum, gut microbial lysate and microbe-free fecal extract were subjected to metabolomic analysis by mass-spectrometry. Our results showed that the old animals exhibited higher inflammatory biomarkers in plasma and lower CD4 T cells with altered distribution of naïve and memory T cell maturation subsets. The gut microbiome in old animals had higher abundance of Archaeal and Proteobacterial species and lower Firmicutes than the young. Significant enrichment of metabolites that contribute to inflammatory and cytotoxic pathways was observed in serum and feces of old animals compared to the young. We conclude that aging NHP undergo immunosenescence and age associated alterations in the gut microbiome that has a distinct metabolic profile.
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Project description:Obesity is a risk factor for Osteoarthritis (OA), the greatest cause of disability in the US. The impact of obesity on OA is driven by systemic inflammation, now understood to be caused by an altered gut microbiome. Oligofructose, a non-digestible prebiotic fiber, can correct the obese gut microbiome, suggesting a novel approach to treat the OA of obesity. Here we report that in the obese murine gut, beneficial Bifidobacteria are lost while key proinflammatory species gain in abundance. A downstream systemic inflammatory signature culminates with accelerated knee OA. Oligofructose supplementation corrects the obese gut microbiome in part by supporting key commensal microflora, particularly Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. This leads to reduced inflammation in the colon, circulation and knee, and protection from OA. This novel recognition of a gut microbiome-OA connection sets the stage for discovery of new OA therapeutics targeting specific microbes inhabiting the intestinal space to inhibit disease pathology.
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Project description:Environmental perturbations impact gene transcription. A subset of these transcriptional changes can be passed on to the next generation even in the absence of the initial stimulus. This phenomenon is known as transgenerational inheritance of environmental exposures (TIEE). Previous studies have mainly focused on what is transferred through the germ-line, i.e. DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, etc. Nevertheless, the germ cells are not the only cells that are passed on from one generation to the next. The microbiota is also transmitted together with the host cells. In this study, we investigated the role of the gut microbiome in TIEE using Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism. We have reared flies in cold and control temperatures, 18 and 25 °C respectively, and looked at the transcriptional pattern in their offspring -grown in control condition- using RNA sequencing. To study the effect of the microbiome, we have carefully exchanged the parental feces introduced to the offspring. We observed genes responsive to thermal alteration, which have preserved their transcriptional status transgenerationally. A subset of these genes, mainly genes expressed in gut, were transcriptionally dependent on which microbiome they acquired. These findings show that the microbiota plays a previously unknown role in TIEE. Our study unveiled a new route for transmittance of environmental memories and thus represents an uncharted area to explore for researchers addressing non-genetic transgenerational inheritance.
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