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Age-dependent cell stemness plasticity orchestrates postnatal functional maturity of ruminants

ABSTRACT: Age-dependent cell stemness plasticity orchestrates postnatal functional maturity of ruminants

PROVIDER: PRJNA793245 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR17383820_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR17383820_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR17383821_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR17383821_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR17383822.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Age-dependent cell stemness plasticity orchestrates postnatal functional maturity of ruminants

Project description:Newborn ruminants are considered as functionally monogastric animals. The poorly understanding of tremendous cellular differences between newborn and completely ruminating stages hinders the improvement of health and performance of domestic ruminants. Here, unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on the rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum, salivary gland, liver, and mammary gland from newborn and adult cattle. We created a comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic compendium covering 235,941 high-quality single cells and 78 cell types. The age-state cell atlases for each tissue type were also constructed to delineate the cell type composition dynamics at newborn and adult stages. We further created the Cattle Cell Landscape database (http://cattlecelllandscape.zju.edu.cn) to detailly display the informative results and to facilitate in effectively annotation of cattle cell type/subtypes for the broad research community. By measuring stemness states of epithelial cells across multiple tissue types, we revealed a multi-tissue representation of paradigm of cell stemness plasticity: the newborn forestomach (rumen, reticulum, and omasum) epithelial cells are more transcriptionally indistinct and stochastic compared with adult stage, which contrary to that of abomasum and intestinal tissues. Moreover, the rapid forestomach development during the early life of calves was driven by the epithelial progenitor-like cells with high activities of epigenetic modifying. A novel cell type STOML3+ cell was found to be newborn cattle-specific that plays an important role in stemness maintenance of its own and cholangiocyte in the hepatic microenvironment. These results provide novel insights into the cellular biology and postnatal ruminating maturity of ruminants

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PDGFRα-induced stromal maturation is required to restrain postnatal intestinal epithelial stemness and promote defense mechanisms.

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Project description:The study was conducted to characterize the protein profiles at four key stages during postnatal testicular development, including infant (0-month-old, M0), puberty (3-month-old, M3), sexual maturity (6-month-old, M6) and body maturity (12-month-old, M12), and between the large- and small-testis groups at 6 months in Hu sheep. Consequently, 5252 proteins were identified using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods, and 465, 1261, 231 and 1080 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were found between M0_vs_M3, M3_vs_M6L, M6L_vs_M12, and M6L_vs_M6S, respectively. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that the majority of DAPs were involved in cellular process, metabolic process and immune system-related pathways. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the 86 fertility-related DAPs, and five proteins with the highest degree were represented as hub proteins, including CTNNB1, ADAM2, ACR, HSPA2 and GRB2. This study provided new insights into the regulation mechanisms of postnatal testicular development and identified several potential biomarkers for selecting the high-fertility rams.

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Project description:Morphological disparity arises through changes in the ontogeny of structures; however, a major challenge of studying the effect of development on shape is the difficulty of collecting time series of data for large numbers of taxa. A proxy for developmental series proposed here is the age at sexual maturity, a developmental milestone potentially tied to the development of structures with documented use in intrasexual competition, such as cranial appendages in Artiodactyla. This study tested the hypothesis that ruminant cranial appendage shape and size correlate with onset of sexual maturity, predicting that late sexual maturity would correlate with larger, more complicated cranial appendages. Published data for cranial appendage shape and size in extant taxa were tested for correlations with sexual maturity using linear mixed-effect models and phylogenetic generalized least-squares analyses. Ancestral state reconstructions were used to assess correlated variables for developmental shifts indicative of heterochrony. These tests showed that phylogeny and body mass were the most common predictors of cranial appendage shape and sexual maturity was only significant as an interaction with body mass. Nevertheless, using developmental milestones as proxies for ontogeny may still be valuable in targeting future research to better understand the role of development in the evolution of disparate morphology when correlations exist between the milestone and shape.

| S-EPMC6093164 | biostudies-literature

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