Project description:Holosteans (gars and bowfins) represent the sister lineage to teleost fishes, the latter being a clade that comprises over half of all living vertebrates and includes important models for comparative genomics and human health. A major distinction between the evolutionary history of teleosts and holosteans is that all teleosts experienced a genome duplication event in their early evolutionary history. As the teleost genome duplication occurred after teleosts diverged from holosteans, holosteans have been heralded as a means to bridge teleost models to other vertebrate genomes. However, only three species of holosteans have been genome-sequenced to date, and sequencing of more species is needed to fill sequence sampling gaps and provide a broader comparative basis for understanding holostean genome evolution. Here we report the first high quality reference genome assembly and annotation of the longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus). Our final assembly consists of 22,709 scaffolds with a total length of 945 bp with contig N50 of 116.61 kb. Using BRAKER2, we annotated a total of 30,068 genes. Analysis of the repetitive regions of the genome reveals the genome to contain 29.12% transposable elements, and the longnose gar to be the only other known vertebrate outside of the spotted gar and bowfin to contain CR1, L2, Rex1, and Babar. These results highlight the potential utility of holostean genomes for understanding the evolution of vertebrate repetitive elements, and provide a critical reference for comparative genomic studies utilizing ray-finned fish models.

| S-EPMC10320754 | biostudies-literature

The complete mitochondrial genome of Florida gar (<i>Lepisosteus platyrhincus</i>).

Project description:Lepisosteus platyrhincus is a member of the family Lepisosteidae living in the Western Hemisphere. It is a primitive air-breathing fish with the special intermediate position of phylogeny and between elasmobranchs and teleosts. Herein, we first sequenced and assembled the complete mitochondrial genome of Lepisosteus platyrhincus. The total length of mitochondrion is 16 320 bp with GC content of 42.43%, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and a 564 bp control region. The accuracy of the fresh sequences was verified by phylogenetic analysis. This mitochondrial genome provides potentially important resources for addressing taxonomic issues and studying molecular evolution.

| S-EPMC7799559 | biostudies-literature

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