An intersectional genetic cell depletion unravels the unique role of Th1-Treg cells in tumor immunity
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA811448 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR18181417.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18181418.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18181419.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18181420.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18181421.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains various immune-suppressive cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) and M2-like tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) that express the enzyme arginase I (Arg1). T helper 1-polarized Treg (Th1-Treg) is a Treg subset that markedly accumulate in tumor tissues, suppressing anti-tumor immunity. However, little is known about the mechanism behind the abundant presence of Th1-Tregs in TME. Here we show that Arg1-expressing TAMs (Arg1+ TAMs) play critical roles for the high Th1-Treg ratio in TME. Selective depletion of Arg1+ TAMs using the VeDTR system inhibited tumor growth and concurrently reduced the Th1-Treg ratio in TME. Notably, Arg1+ TAMs secreted platelet factor 4 (PF4) that polarized Tregs to Th1-Tregs in a CXCR3-dependent manner. Both genetic PF4 inactivation and PF4 neutralization hindered Th1-Treg accumulation in TME, consequently suppressing tumor growth. Collectively, our study highlights the importance of M2-like TAM-produced PF4 for high Th1-Treg levels in TME to suppress anti-tumor immunity, and demonstrates PF4 neutralization as a potential cancer immunotherapeutic strategy by intervening the M2-like TAM/Th1-Treg axis.
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Project description:CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells are essential for maintaining self-tolerance and preventing excessive immune responses. In the context of Th1 immune responses, co-expression of the Th1 transcription factor T-bet with Foxp3 is essential for Treg cells to control Th1 responses. T-bet-dependent expression of CXCR3 directs Tregs to the site of inflammation, however, the suppressive mediators enabling effective control of Th1 responses at this site are unknown. In this study, we determined the signature of CXCR3+ Treg cells arising in Th1 settings and defined universal features of Treg cells in this context using multiple Th1-dominated models. Our analysis defined a set of Th1-specific co-inhibitory receptors that are specifically expressed in Treg cells during Th1 immune responses. Among these, we identified the novel co-inhibitory receptor CD85k as a functional mediator of the enhanced suppression of Th1 effector cells by CXCR3+ Treg cells.
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Project description:The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains various immune-suppressive cells such as T helper 1-polarized regulatory T cells (Th1-Tregs). However, little is known about the mechanism behind the abundant presence of Th1-Tregs in TME. In this work, we demonstrate that selective depletion of arginase I (Arg1)-expressing tumor associated macrophages (Arg1+ TAMs) inhibits tumor growth and concurrently reduces the Th1-Treg ratio in TME. Notably, Arg1+ TAMs secrete platelet factor 4 (PF4) that reinforces interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced Treg polarization into Th1-Tregs in a manner dependent on CXCR3 and the IFN-γ receptor. Both genetic PF4 inactivation and PF4 neutralization hinder Th1-Treg accumulation in TME, consequently suppressing tumor growth. Collectively, our study highlights the importance of Arg1+ TAM-produced PF4 for high Th1-Treg levels in TME to suppress anti-tumor immunity, and demonstrates PF4 neutralization as a potential cancer immunotherapeutic strategy.
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Project description:A variety of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cell types have been described previously, indicating molecular heterogeneity within the Foxp3+ pool of CD4+ T cells. However, the factors that shape the transcriptomic identities of different Foxp3+ Treg cells are poorly understood. To identify the molecular pathways involved, we isolated CD4+Foxp3gfp+ cells from Th1-rich or Th2-rich environments following chronic Leishmania major or Schistosoma mansoni infection, respectively. Whole genome expression profiling and next generation small RNA sequencing revealed significantly different mRNA and miRNA profiles. In-silico analyses identified miR-10a and miR-182 as ‘regulatory miRNA hubs’ in CD4+Foxp3+ cells in Th1 and Th2-environments, respectively. Using in vitro and in vivo systems we identified that IL-12/IFNg down-regulated miR-10a and its putative transcription factor, Creb. Importantly, we demonstrated that miR-10a controls a suite of genes that regulate IFNg production in Th1-Treg cells. Also, Treg cells treated with IL-4 increased miR-182 and its putative transcription factor, cMaf. Up-regulation of miR-182 mitigated IL-2 secretion, in part through repression of IL2-promoting genes, including Bach2 and Cd2ap. This study indicates that CD4+Foxp3+ cells are influenced by their environment, and that Th1 or Th2 environments promote distinct miRNA pathways, preserving Treg stability and suppressor function.
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