Human antigen R (HuR) SUMOylation controls senescence response in liver cancer
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA812060 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR18208062_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18208062_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18208063_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18208063_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR18208064_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The clinical management of liver cancer is challenged by the reduced availability of drugs targeting key signaling pathways and their modest benefits to patients. Senescence induction may represent a strategy for cancer treatment, especially as a combination therapy. The posttranslational modification (PTM) of proteins critically influences many biological processes, including gene expression, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, tumor progression, and drug resistance. Herein, we newly discovered that the RNA-binding protein (RBP) Human antigen R (HuR), a hub in liver cancer, is SUMOylated in the tumor sections of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in contrast to the surrounding tissue, as well as in human cell line and mouse models of the disease. SUMOylation of HuR promotes major cancer hallmarks, namely proliferation and invasion, whereas the absence of HuR SUMOylation results in a senescent phenotype with dysfunctional mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mechanistically, SUMOylation induces a structural rearrangement of the RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) that modulates HuR binding affinity to its target mRNAs further modifying the transcriptomic profile towards hepatic tumor progression.
2024-02-19 | GSE197798 | GEO
Project description:The progressive development of T-cells in the thymus is a highly regulated process that aims to arm the body with T-cells against pathogens whilst maintaining tolerance to self. Although the role of gene transcription in this process has been extensively studied, little is known about the significance of associated post-transcriptional mechanisms. Post-transcriptional control is imposed by the dynamic interactions of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) with RNA molecules which destine mRNA molecules towards translation or destruction. In this study we focus on the functions of an RBP called HuR. We made use of novel transgenic systems in which HuR is deleted in thymic T-cells to test whether HuR is involved in their developmental maturation. We show that HuR controls the generation and provision of T-cells competent for the proper recognition of antigens in the body and the elimination of harmfull cells. We further show that HuR controls T-cell development through its involvement in basic cellular processes like cell cycle regulation, cellular activation, death and migration which were associated to HuR’s efficacy in regulating the expression or function of key signaling components. Our studies provide important insight on the post-transcriptional regulation of fundamental cellular processes and identify HuR as an important modulator of adaptive immunity and autoimmunity.
2009-05-20 | GSE9174 | GEO
Project description:RNA binding proteins (RBPs) regulate gene expression through several post-transcriptional mechanisms. The broadly expressed HuR/ELAVL1 RBP is important for proper function of multiple cell types in the immune system, and has been proposed to positively control the expression of cytokine and other mRNAs upon activation by regulating their 3′ UTRs. However, this mechanism has not been previously dissected in stable cellular settings. In this study, HuR demonstrated strong anti-apoptotic and activation roles in the Jurkat T cell line. Detailed transcriptomic analysis of HuR knockout cells revealed a substantial negative impact on the activation program, coordinately preventing the expression of several gene categories related to the immune response, including all cytokines. Measurements of IL-2 production showed a significant defect in knockout cells, which was rescued upon reintroduction of HuR. Interestingly, the mechanism of HuR regulation did not involve control of the cytokine 3′ UTRs: HuR knockout did not affect the activity of several cytokine 3′ UTR reporters in 293 cells. Similarly, HuR had no effect on the regulation of IL-2 and TNF 3′ UTRs in resting or activated Jurkat cells. Instead, impaired cytokine production corresponded with defective induction of the IL-2 promoter upon activation. Accordingly, upregulation of the master transcription factor NFATC1 upon activation was also impaired in HuR KOs, without effects on its 3′ UTR. Together, these results indicate that HuR controls cytokine production through coordinated upstream pathways, and that additional mechanisms must be considered in investigating its function.
2019-06-05 | GSE121966 | GEO
Project description:Abstract：Our previous study found that 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) exposure evoked pulmonary fibrosis in mice. However, the exact mechanism remained elusive. We found that 1-NP induced telomere damage and cellular senescence in mice lungs and MLE-12 cells. Further research showed that 1-NP downregulated telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2), and upregulated FBXW7. Mechanistically, 1-NP-caused TRF2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation depended on E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of FBXW7. Moreover, 1-NP upregulated FBXW7 m6A modification via an ALKBH5-YTHDF1-dependent manner. Further analysis found 1-NP promoted ALKBH5 SUMOylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Additionally, 1-NP evoked mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) overproduction. Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, mitigated 1-NP-caused mtROS overproduction, ALKBH5 SUMOylation, FBXW7 m6A modification, TRF2 degradation and cellular senescence. Taken together, mtROS-initiated ALKBH5 SUMOylation and subsequent FBXW7 m6A modification is indispensable in TRF2 degradation and cellular senescence in pulmonary epithelial cells during 1-NP-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Our study provides target intervention measures towards 1-NP-evoked pulmonary fibrosis.
2023-12-31 | GSE251884 | GEO
Project description:Abstract：Our previous study found that 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) exposure evoked pulmonary fibrosis in mice. However, the exact mechanism remained elusive. We found that 1-NP induced telomere damage and cellular senescence in mice lungs and MLE-12 cells. Further research showed that 1-NP downregulated telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2), and upregulated FBXW7. Mechanistically, 1-NP-caused TRF2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation depended on E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of FBXW7. Moreover, 1-NP upregulated FBXW7 m6A modification via an ALKBH5-YTHDF1-dependent manner. Further analysis found 1-NP promoted ALKBH5 SUMOylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Additionally, 1-NP evoked mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) overproduction. Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, mitigated 1-NP-caused mtROS overproduction, ALKBH5 SUMOylation, FBXW7 m6A modification, TRF2 degradation and cellular senescence. Taken together, mtROS-initiated ALKBH5 SUMOylation and subsequent FBXW7 m6A modification is indispensable in TRF2 degradation and cellular senescence in pulmonary epithelial cells during 1-NP-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Our study provides target intervention measures towards 1-NP-evoked pulmonary fibrosis.
2023-12-31 | GSE251659 | GEO
Project description:The germinal centre (GC) is a hallmark of adaptive immunity. Gene expression in GCs is tightly regulated but the impact of post-transcriptional mechanisms are largely unknown. Here we show that expression of the RNA binding protein HuR is essential in GCs. In its absence, GC B cells are at a competitive disadvantage and high-affinity antibody production is severely impaired. Mechanistically, HuR affects the transcriptome qualitatively and quantitatively to enable the expression of a Myc- dependent transcriptional program essential for light zone B cells to re-enter into the dark zone for further proliferation and Ig somatic hypermutation. HuR controls the splicing and abundance of mRNAs required for entry into and transition through the S phase of the cell cycle. HuR modulates a gene signature associated with DNA deamination preserving GC B cells from extensive DNA damage and cell death.
2021-09-22 | GSE145413 | GEO
Project description:Human antigen R (HuR) is a member of the Hu family of RNA-binding proteins and is involved in many physiological processes. To investigate the role of adipose HuR, we generate adipose-specific HuR knockout (HuRAKO) mice. As compared with control mice, HuRAKO mice show obesity when induced with a high-fat diet, along with insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hypercholesterolemia and increased inflammation in adipose tissue. The obesity of HuRAKO mice is attributed to adipocyte hypertrophy in white adipose tissue due to decreased expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a critical lipase involved in lipolysis. HuR positively regulates ATGL expression by promoting the mRNA stability and translation of ATGL. Consistently, the expression of HuR in adipose tissue is reduced in obese humans, which is associated with reduced ATGL expression. This study suggests that adipose HuR may be a critical regulator of ATGL expression and lipolysis and thereby controls obesity and metabolic syndrome.
2019-04-23 | GSE130147 | GEO
Project description:The Human antigen R protein (HuR) is a RNA-binding protein that recognizes U/AU-rich elements in diverse RNAs through two RNA-recognition motifs, RRM1 and RRM2, and post-transcriptionally regulates the fate of target RNAs. The natural product Dihydrotanshinone-I (DHTS) prevents the association of HuR and target RNAs in vitro and in cultured cells by interfering with the binding of HuR to RNA. Here, we report the structural determinants of the interaction between DHTS and HuR and the impact of DHTS on HuR binding to target mRNAs transcriptome-wide. NMR titration and Molecular Dynamic simulation identified the residues within RRM1 and RRM2 responsible for the interaction between DHTS and HuR. RNA Electromobility Shifts and Alpha Screen Assays showed that DHTS interacts with HuR through the same binding regions as target RNAs, stabilizing HuR in a locked conformation that hampers RNAs binding competitively. HuR ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation followed by microarray (RIP-chip) analysis showed that DHTS treatment of HeLa cells paradoxically enriched HuR binding to mRNAs with longer 3’UTR and with higher density of U/AU-rich elements, suggesting that DHTS inhibits the association of HuR to weaker target mRNAs. In vivo, DHTS potently inhibited xenograft tumor growth in a HuR-dependent model without systemic toxicity.
2017-12-20 | GSE94360 | GEO
Project description:NAFLD has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Human antigen R (HuR), an RNA-binding protein, is an important post-transcriptional regulator. HuR has been reported as a key player in regulating lipid homeostasis in the liver and adipose tissues by using tissue-specific HuR knockout mice. However, the underlying mechanism by which hepatocyte-specific HuR regulates hepatic lipid metabolism under metabolic stress remains unclear and is the focus of this study.
2022-12-01 | GSE213215 | GEO
Project description:SUMOylation is a dynamic post-translational protein modification that primarily takes place in cell nuclei, where it plays a key role in multiple DNA-related processes. In brain cells, and particularly in neurons, mostly nuclear proteins are SUMOylated, and the SUMOylation-dependent control of a subset of neuronal transcription factors is known to regulate various aspects of nerve cell differentiation, development, and function. In an unbiased screen for endogenous SUMOylation targets in the developing mouse brain, we previously identified the transcription factor Zbtb20 as a new SUMO1 conjugate. We show here that the three key SUMO paralogues SUMO1, SUMO2, and SUMO3 can all be conjugated to Zbtb20 in vitro, and we confirm the SUMOylation of Zbtb20 in vivo. Using primary hippocampal neurons as a model system, we then demonstrate that the expression of Zbtb20 is required for proper nerve cell development and neurite growth and branching. Furthermore, we show that the SUMOylation of Zbtb20 is essential for Zbtb20 function in this context, and provide evidence indicating that SUMOylation affects the Zbtb20-dependent transcriptional profile of neurons. Taken together, our data highlight the role of SUMOylation in the regulation of neuronal transcription factors that determine nerve cell development. Specifically, our data demonstrate that key functions of the transcription factor Zbtb20 in neuronal development and neurite growth are under the obligatory control of SUMOylation.
2021-01-06 | GSE143926 | GEO