Hypoxia promotes osteogenesis by facilitating acetyl-CoA-mediated mitochondrial-nuclear communication
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA822823 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Bone-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in a hypoxic niche that maintains their differentiation potential. Although the role of hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) in the regulation of stem cell function has been previously reported, with normoxia (high oxygen concentration) leading to impaired osteogenesis, the molecular events triggering changes in stem cell fate decisions in response to high oxygen remain elusive. Here, we study the impact of normoxia on the mito-nuclear communication with regards to stem cell differentiation. We show that normoxia-cultured MSCs undergo profound transcriptional alterations which cause irreversible osteogenesis defects. Mechanistically, high oxygen promotes chromatin compaction and histone hypo-acetylation, particularly on promoters and enhancers of osteogenic genes. Although normoxia induces metabolic rewiring resulting in high acetyl-CoA levels, histone hypo-acetylation occurs due to trapping of acetyl-CoA inside mitochondria, owing to lower CiC activity. Strikingly, restoring the cytosolic acetyl-CoA pool remodels the chromatin landscape and rescues the osteogenic defects. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the metabolism-chromatin-osteogenesis axis is heavily perturbed in response to high oxygen and identify CiC as a novel, oxygen-sensitive regulator of the MSC function.
2022-08-01 | ST002242 | MetabolomicsWorkbench
Project description:Cytosolic acetyl-coenzyme A is a precursor for many biotechnologically relevant compounds produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this yeast, cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis and growth strictly depend on expression of either the Acs1 or Acs2 isoenzyme of acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS). Since hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate in the ACS reaction constrains maximum yields of acetyl-CoA-derived products, this study explores replacement of ACS by two ATP-independent pathways for acetyl-CoA synthesis. After evaluating expression of different bacterial genes encoding acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (A-ALD) and pyruvate-formate lyase (PFL), acs1M-NM-^T acs2M-NM-^T S. cerevisiae strains were constructed in which A-ALD or PFL successfully replaced ACS. In A-ALD-dependent strains, aerobic growth rates of up to 0.27 h-1 were observed, while anaerobic growth rates of PFL-dependent S. cerevisiae (0.21 h-1) were stoichiometrically coupled to formate production. In glucose-limited chemostat cultures, intracellular metabolite analysis did not reveal major differences between A-ALD-dependent and reference strains. However, biomass yields on glucose of A-ALD- and PFL-dependent strains were lower than those of the reference strain. Transcriptome analysis suggested that reduced biomass yields were caused by acetaldehyde and formate in A-ALD- and PFL-dependent strains, respectively. Transcript profiles also indicated that a previously proposed role of Acs2 in histone acetylation is probably linked to cytosolic acetyl-CoA levels rather than to direct involvement of Acs2 in histone acetylation. While, for the first time, demonstrating that yeast ACS can be fully replaced by alternative reactions, this study demonstrates that further modifications are needed to achieve optimal in vivo efficiencies of the supply of acetyl-CoA as product precursor. To investigate the impact of introduced changes in native pathway of cytosolic acetyl-CoA formation in S. cerevisiae, a DNA microarray-based transcriptome analysis was performed on aerobic or anaerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures.
2013-11-21 | E-GEOD-47983 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in a hypoxic niche that maintains their differentiation potential. While hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) was reported to critically support stem cell function and osteogenesis, the molecular events triggering changes in stem cell fate decisions in response to normoxia (high oxygen concentration) remain elusive. Here, we study the impact of normoxia on mitochondrial-nuclear communication during stem cell differentiation. We show that normoxia-cultured murine MSCs undergo profound transcriptional alterations which cause irreversible osteogenesis defects. Mechanistically, high oxygen promotes chromatin compaction and histone hypo-acetylation, particularly on promoters and enhancers of osteogenic genes. Although normoxia induces metabolic rewiring resulting in elevated acetyl-CoA levels, histone hypo-acetylation occurs due to the trapping of acetyl-CoA inside mitochondria owing to decreased citrate carrier (CiC) activity. Restoring the cytosolic acetyl-CoA pool remodels the chromatin landscape and rescues the osteogenic defects. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the metabolism-chromatin-osteogenesis axis is perturbed upon exposure to high oxygen levels and identifies CiC as a novel, oxygen-sensitive regulator of the MSC function.
| S-EPMC9713713 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2022-10-18 | GSE200073 | GEO
Project description:Cytosolic acetyl-coenzyme A is a precursor for many biotechnologically relevant compounds produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this yeast, cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis and growth strictly depend on expression of either the Acs1 or Acs2 isoenzyme of acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS). Since hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate in the ACS reaction constrains maximum yields of acetyl-CoA-derived products, this study explores replacement of ACS by two ATP-independent pathways for acetyl-CoA synthesis. After evaluating expression of different bacterial genes encoding acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (A-ALD) and pyruvate-formate lyase (PFL), acs1Δ acs2Δ S. cerevisiae strains were constructed in which A-ALD or PFL successfully replaced ACS. In A-ALD-dependent strains, aerobic growth rates of up to 0.27 h-1 were observed, while anaerobic growth rates of PFL-dependent S. cerevisiae (0.21 h-1) were stoichiometrically coupled to formate production. In glucose-limited chemostat cultures, intracellular metabolite analysis did not reveal major differences between A-ALD-dependent and reference strains. However, biomass yields on glucose of A-ALD- and PFL-dependent strains were lower than those of the reference strain. Transcriptome analysis suggested that reduced biomass yields were caused by acetaldehyde and formate in A-ALD- and PFL-dependent strains, respectively. Transcript profiles also indicated that a previously proposed role of Acs2 in histone acetylation is probably linked to cytosolic acetyl-CoA levels rather than to direct involvement of Acs2 in histone acetylation. While, for the first time, demonstrating that yeast ACS can be fully replaced by alternative reactions, this study demonstrates that further modifications are needed to achieve optimal in vivo efficiencies of the supply of acetyl-CoA as product precursor.
2013-11-21 | GSE47983 | GEO
Project description:Acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a central metabolite and the acetyl source for protein acetylation, particularly histone acetylation that promotes gene expression. However, the effect of acetyl-CoA levels on histone acetylation status in plants remains unknown. Here, we show that malfunctioned cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1) in Arabidopsis leads to elevated levels of acetyl-CoA and promotes histone hyperacetylation predominantly at lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27). The increase of H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) is dependent on ATP-citrate lyase which cleaves citrate to acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm, and requires histone acetyltransferase GCN5. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome in combination with the genome-wide H3K27ac profiles of acc1 mutants, demonstrate the dynamic changes of H3K27ac, gene transcripts and metabolites occurring in the cell by the increased levels of acetyl-CoA. This study suggests that H3K27ac is an important link between cytosolic acetyl-CoA level and gene expression in response to the dynamic metabolic environments in plants.
2017-09-25 | GSE79524 | GEO
Project description:In order to identify regions of the genome that display quantitative changes in acetyl-CoA, we utilized an established “spike-in” normalization method that allows the quantitative comparison of histone modifications across cell populations using defined quantities of a reference epigenome. We found that some regions of the genome are more sensitive to changes in acetyl-CoA compared to others.
2018-12-20 | GSE109340 | GEO
Project description:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in a hypoxic niche that maintains their differentiation potential. Several studies have highlighted the critical role of hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) in the regulation of stem cell function, reporting differentiation defects following a switch to normoxia (high oxygen concentration). However, the molecular events triggering changes in stem cell fate decisions in response to high oxygen remain elusive. Here, we study the impact of normoxia in the mito-nuclear communication, with regards to stem cell differentiation. We show that normoxia-cultured MSCs undergo profound transcriptional alterations which cause irreversible osteogenesis defects. Mechanistically, high oxygen promotes chromatin compaction and histone hypo-acetylation, particularly on promoters and enhancers of osteogenic genes. Although normoxia induces rewiring of metabolism, resulting in high acetyl-CoA levels, histone hypo-acetylation occurs due to trapping of acetyl-CoA inside mitochondria, likely due to lower CiC activity. Strikingly, restoring the cytosolic acetyl-CoA pool via acetate supplementation remodels the chromatin landscape and rescues the osteogenic defects. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the metabolism-chromatin-osteogenesis axis is heavily perturbed in response to high oxygen and identify CiC as a novel, oxygen-sensitive regulator of MSC function.
2022-10-18 | GSE200072 | GEO
Project description:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in a hypoxic niche that maintains their differentiation potential. Several studies have highlighted the critical role of hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) in the regulation of stem cell function, reporting differentiation defects following a switch to normoxia (high oxygen concentration). However, the molecular events triggering changes in stem cell fate decisions in response to high oxygen remain elusive. Here, we study the impact of normoxia in the mito-nuclear communication, with regards to stem cell differentiation. We show that normoxia-cultured MSCs undergo profound transcriptional alterations which cause irreversible osteogenesis defects. Mechanistically, high oxygen promotes chromatin compaction and histone hypo-acetylation, particularly on promoters and enhancers of osteogenic genes. Although normoxia induces rewiring of metabolism, resulting in high acetyl-CoA levels, histone hypo-acetylation occurs due to trapping of acetyl-CoA inside mitochondria, likely due to lower CiC activity. Strikingly, restoring the cytosolic acetyl-CoA pool via acetate supplementation remodels the chromatin landscape and rescues the osteogenic defects. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the metabolism-chromatin-osteogenesis axis is heavily perturbed in response to high oxygen and identify CiC as a novel, oxygen-sensitive regulator of MSC function.
2022-10-18 | GSE200071 | GEO
Project description:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in a hypoxic niche that maintains their differentiation potential. Several studies have highlighted the critical role of hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) in the regulation of stem cell function, reporting differentiation defects following a switch to normoxia (high oxygen concentration). However, the molecular events triggering changes in stem cell fate decisions in response to high oxygen remain elusive. Here, we study the impact of normoxia in the mito-nuclear communication, with regards to stem cell differentiation. We show that normoxia-cultured MSCs undergo profound transcriptional alterations which cause irreversible osteogenesis defects. Mechanistically, high oxygen promotes chromatin compaction and histone hypo-acetylation, particularly on promoters and enhancers of osteogenic genes. Although normoxia induces rewiring of metabolism, resulting in high acetyl-CoA levels, histone hypo-acetylation occurs due to trapping of acetyl-CoA inside mitochondria, likely due to lower CiC activity. Strikingly, restoring the cytosolic acetyl-CoA pool via acetate supplementation remodels the chromatin landscape and rescues the osteogenic defects. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the metabolism-chromatin-osteogenesis axis is heavily perturbed in response to high oxygen and identify CiC as a novel, oxygen-sensitive regulator of MSC function.
2022-10-18 | GSE200070 | GEO