Interrogating bromodomain inhibitor resistance in KMT2A-rearranged leukemia through combinatorial CRISPR screens
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA828541 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Bromo- and extra-terminal domain inhibitors (BETi) have exhibited therapeutic activities in many cancers, including KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-r) leukemia, in preclinical studies. However, the mechanisms controlling BETi response and resistance are poorly understood. We conducted genome-wide loss-of-function CRISPR screens using BETi-treated KMT2A-r cell lines. SPOP gene deficiency caused significant BETi resistance, which was further validated in cell line and xenograft models. In SPOP-knockout KMT2A-r leukemia cells, TRIM24 was identified as a SPOP substrate that mediates resistance to BETi. Additionally, proteomics analysis and a kinase-vulnerability CRISPR screen indicated that resistant cells are sensitive to GSK3 inhibition. Genetically perturbating TRIM24 or pharmaceutical inhibition of its downstream target GSK3 in SPOP-knockout cells reversed the BETi-resistance phenotype. A combination therapy regimen inhibiting both BET and GSK3 impeded leukemia progression in patient-derived xenografts in vivo. Our results revealed not only novel molecular mechanisms underlying BETi resistance but also a promising strategy for treating KMT2A-r leukemia.
2023-03-30 | GSE201137 | GEO
Project description:Bromo- and extra-terminal domain inhibitors (BETi) have exhibited therapeutic activities in many cancers. However, the mechanisms controlling BETi response and resistance are not well understood. We conducted genome-wide loss-of-function CRISPR screens using BETi-treated KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-r) cell lines. We revealed that Speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP) gene (Speckle Type BTB/POZ Protein) deficiency caused significant BETi resistance, which was further validated in cell lines and xenograft models. Proteomics analysis and a kinase-vulnerability CRISPR screen indicated that cells treated with BETi are sensitive to GSK3 perturbation. Pharmaceutical inhibition of GSK3 reversed the BETi-resistance phenotype. Based on this observation, a combination therapy regimen inhibiting both BET and GSK3 was developed to impede KMT2A-r leukemia progression in patient-derived xenografts in vivo. Our results revealed molecular mechanisms underlying BETi resistance and a promising combination treatment regimen of ABBV-744 and CHIR-98014 by utilizing unique ex vivo and in vivo KMT2A-r PDX models.
| S-EPMC10120025 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease with poor outcome but patients harbouring certain chromosomal rearrangements or complex karyotypes have particularly adverse prognosis. For these patients, targeted therapies have not yet made a significant clinical impact. To understand the molecular landscape of poor risk AML we profiled 55 poor risk AML patients using a multiomics approach that included transcriptomics (n=39), proteomics (n=55), phosphoproteomics (n=55) and an ex vivo drug sensitivity screening (482 compounds tested in at least 30 patients). We identified a phosphoproteomics signature that define two biologically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged leukaemia, which we term MLLGA and MLLGB. MLLGA presented increased DOT1L phosphorylation, HOXA gene expression, CDK1 activity and phosphorylation of proteins involved in RNA metabolism, replication and DNA damage when compared to MLLGB and no KMT2A rearranged samples. MLLGA was particularly sensitive to 15 compounds including genotoxic drugs and inhibitors of mitotic kinases and IMPDH relative to other cases. The expression of IMPDH2 and multiple nucleolar proteins was higher in MLLGA and correlated with the response to IMPDH inhibition in KMT2A rearranged leukaemia, suggesting a role of the nucleolar activity in sensitivity to IMPDH inhibition. In summary, our multilayer molecular profiling of poor risk AML matched to the response to hundreds of compounds identified a phosphoproteomics signature that define two biologically and phenotypically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged leukaemia. These data provide a rationale for the development of specific therapies for KMT2A subgroups characterised by the MLLGA phosphoproteomics signature identified in this study.
2023-03-11 | PXD036669 | Pride
Project description:The histone methyltransferases DOT1L (H3K79me1,2,3 KMT, "activating" chromatin mark) and EZH2 (H3K27me1,2,3 KMT, "silencing" mark) have both been shown to be required for growth and survival of KMT2A rearranged AML cells. Both KMTs have been shown to modulate expression of HOXA cluster genes, albeit for EZH2 this has not been shown in the context of KMT2A rearranged AML, but in other subtypes of AML. We asked what transcriptional effects dual inhibition of DOT1L and EZH2 has in KMT2A rearranged AML.
2019-07-17 | GSE134369 | GEO
Project description:The histone methyltransferases DOT1L (H3K79me1,2,3 KMT, "activating" chromatin mark) and EZH2 (H3K27me1,2,3 KMT, "silencing" mark) have both been shown to be required for growth and survival of KMT2A rearranged AML cells. Both KMTs have been shown to modulate expression of HOXA cluster genes, albeit for EZH2 this has not been shown in the context of KMT2A rearranged AML, but in other subtypes of AML. We asked what transcriptional effects dual inhibition of DOT1L and EZH2 has in KMT2A rearranged AML.
2020-04-29 | GSE149520 | GEO
Project description:Activating mutations in kinase/PI3K/RAS signaling pathways are common in acute leukemia with KMT2A rearrangements (KMT2A-R). These mutations are often subclonal and their biological impact remain unclear. Using a retroviral acute myeloid leukemia model, we demonstrate that NRASG12D, FLT3ITD, and FLT3N676K accelerates KMT2A-MLLT3 leukemia onset. Importantly, also the presence of subclonal FLT3N676K in KMT2A-R leukemic cells shorten disease latency, possibly by providing stimulatory factors such as Mif. Acquired de novo mutations in Braf, Cbl, Kras, and Ptpn11 were identified in KMT2A-MLLT3 driven leukemia and favored clonal expansion. KMT2A-MLLT3 leukemia with an activating mutation enforce Myc- and Myb transcriptional modules, whereas KMT2A-MLLT3 leukemias lacking activating mutations displayed upregulation of signal transduction pathways. Our results provide new insight into the biology of KMT2A-R leukemia and highlights the importance of activated signaling as a contributing driver in this disease.
2018-05-02 | PXD008213 | Pride
Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease with poor outcome but patients harbouring certain chromosomal rearrangements or complex karyotypes have particularly adverse prognosis. For these patients, targeted therapies have not yet made a significant clinical impact. To understand the molecular landscape of poor risk AML we profiled 55 poor risk AML patients using a multiomics approach that included transcriptomics (n=39), proteomics (n=55), phosphoproteomics (n=55) and an ex vivo drug sensitivity screening (482 compounds tested in at least 30 patients). We identified a phosphoproteomics signature that define two biologically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged leukaemia, which we term MLLGA and MLLGB. MLLGA presented increased DOT1L phosphorylation, HOXA gene expression, CDK1 activity and phosphorylation of proteins involved in RNA metabolism, replication and DNA damage when compared to MLLGB and no KMT2A rearranged samples. MLLGA was particularly sensitive to 15 compounds including genotoxic drugs and inhibitors of mitotic kinases and IMPDH relative to other cases. The expression of IMPDH2 and multiple nucleolar proteins was higher in MLLGA and correlated with the response to IMPDH inhibition in KMT2A rearranged leukaemia, suggesting a role of the nucleolar activity in sensitivity to IMPDH inhibition. In summary, our multilayer molecular profiling of poor risk AML matched to the response to hundreds of compounds identified a phosphoproteomics signature that define two biologically and phenotypically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged leukaemia. These data provide a rationale for the development of specific therapies for KMT2A subgroups characterised by the MLLGA phosphoproteomics signature identified in this study.
2023-03-11 | PXD032980 | Pride
Project description:KMT2A-MLLT3, a fusion protein formed by the t(9;11) translocation in acute myeloid leukemia, is an epigenetic transcription factor that is known to regulate a unique leukemic gene expression profile. We show that rearranged during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene is highly overexpressed in the KMT2A-MLLT3 subgroup. In addition to biochemical studies, the RNA-seq and ATAC seq analyses have been performed in KMT2A-MLLT3 positive MOLM-13 AML cell line, compared to the umbilical cord blood-driven CD34+ hematopoietic stem progenitor cells.
2024-03-04 | GSE241867 | GEO
Project description:The KMT2A rearranged B lineage infant ALL cell line SEM was treated with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib followed by a multiplexed mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis at multiple time points (0, 6, 12, 16, and 20 hours) over 20 hours to further understand the cellular response of these cells to proteasome inhibition.
2023-02-15 | PXD038845 | Pride
Project description:Genome-wide methylation profiling was performed on six cell lines derived from infants with KMT2A-rearranged ALL following treatment with three hypomethylating drugs (azacitidine, decitabine and zebularine) administered at low doses for 72 hours in vitro. We identified drug-specific and common differentially methylated regions and validated differentially expressed genes located within such regions, indicating commonalities in pathways targeted by azacitidine and decitabine in KMT2A-rearranged infant ALL. Of the three drugs, the most significant degree of hypomethylation was induced by decitabine followed by azacitidine, whereas zebularine did not exert a significant hypomethylating effect.
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