Repurposing E3 ubiquitin ligases as cell surface protein degraders using Proteolysis Targeting Antibodies
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PROVIDER: PRJNA859706 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The majority of current therapeutics targeting plasma membrane receptors function by antagonizing ligand binding or enzymatic activities. Typical mammalian proteins, however, consist of multiple domains executing discrete but coordinated activities, and saturating inhibition of one functional domain often incompletely suppresses the totality of the protein’s function. Recent work on targeted protein degradation technologies including Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) has highlighted clinically important distinctions between target inhibition and target degradation. However, the generation of heterobifunctional compounds requiring linkage of two small molecules, each with high affinity for their targets, is highly complex, particularly with respect to achieving oral bioavailability. Here we describe the development of Proteolysis Targeting Antibodies (PROTABs) that tether cell-surface E3 ubiquitin ligases to transmembrane proteins, resulting in target ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. PROTAB-mediated degradation drives deeper pathway inhibition than inhibitory antibodies and is functional in vivo. The scope of this technology is also demonstrated through the identification of additional cell surface E3 ubiquitin ligases that can function as “on demand” degraders of various cell surface proteins. The generality of this approach enables tissue-selective degradation, as suggested by the Wnt-responsive ligases RNF43 and ZNRF3. Furthermore, through engineering of various optimized antibody formats, we offer insights on the ground rules governing optimal target degradation. Taken together, this work describes a strategy for the rapid development of potent, bioavailable and tissue selective degradation of cell surface proteins.
2022-07-21 | GSE208372 | GEO
Project description:The majority of current therapeutics targeting plasma membrane receptors function by antagonizing ligand binding or enzymatic activities. Typical mammalian proteins, however, consist of multiple domains executing discrete but coordinated activities, and saturating inhibition of one functional domain often incompletely suppresses the totality of the protein's function. Recent work on targeted protein degradation technologies including Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) has highlighted clinically important distinctions between target inhibition and target degradation. However, the generation of heterobifunctional compounds requiring linkage of two small molecules, each with high affinity for their targets, is highly complex, particularly with respect to achieving oral bioavailability. Here we describe the development of Proteolysis Targeting Antibodies (PROTABs) that tether cell-surface E3 ubiquitin ligases to transmembrane proteins, resulting in target ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. PROTAB-mediated degradation drives deeper pathway inhibition than inhibitory antibodies and is functional in vivo. The scope of this technology is also demonstrated through the identification of additional cell surface E3 ubiquitin ligases that can function as on demand degraders of various cell surface proteins. The generality of this approach enables tissue-selective degradation, as suggested by the Wnt-responsive ligases RNF43 and ZNRF3. Furthermore, through engineering of various optimized antibody formats, we offer insights on the ground rules governing optimal target degradation. Taken together, this work describes a strategy for the rapid development of potent, bioavailable and tissue selective degradation of cell surface proteins.
2022-05-25 | MSV000089542 | MassIVE
Project description:Heterobifunctional proteolysis-targeting chimeric compounds leverage the activity of E3 ligases to induce degradation of target oncoproteins and exhibit potent preclinical antitumor activity. To dissect the mechanisms regulating tumor cell sensitivity to different classes of pharmacological "degraders" of oncoproteins, we performed genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing studies. We observed that myeloma cell resistance to "degraders" of different targets (BET bromodomain proteins, CDK9) and operating through CRBN (degronimids) or VHL is primarily mediated by prevention of, rather than adaptation to, breakdown of the target oncoprotein; involves loss-of-function for the cognate E3 ligase or interactors/regulators of the respective cullin-RING ligase (CRL) complex. The substantial gene-level differences for CRBN- vs. VHL-based degraders explains mechanistically the lack of cross-resistance for degraders targeting the same protein via different E3 ligase/CRLs.
2021-02-12 | GSE162205 | GEO
Project description:The functionally redundant ubiquitin E3 ligases SIAH1 and SIAH2 have been implicated in the regulation of several processes, but their role in inflammatory signaling and gene expression remains unclear. Here we have downregulated the expression of both SIAH proteins with specific siRNAs and investigated the functional consequences for IL-1α-induced gene expression and the signaling pathways activating NF-κB and AP1. The knockdown of SIAH1/2 had no significant impact on IL-1α-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, but modulated the expression of approximately one third of IL-1α-regulated genes. Most of the proteins encoded by SIAH1/2-regulated genes form a regulatory network of proinflammatory factors. Thus SIAH1/2 proteins function as variable rheostats that control the amplitude of inflammatory gene expression.
2022-02-01 | GSE179190 | GEO
Project description:Targeted protein degradation is a novel pharmacology established by drugs that recruit target proteins to E3 ubiquitin ligases. Based on the structure of the degrader and the target, different E3 interfaces are critically involved, thus forming defined "functional hotspots". Understanding disruptive mutations in functional hotspots informs on the architecture of the assembly, and highlights residues susceptible to acquire resistance phenotypes. Here, deep mutational scanning revealed hotspots that are conserved or specific for chemically distinct degraders and targets and validated hotspots mutated in patients that relapse from degrader treatment.
2022-09-09 | GSE198278 | GEO
Project description:Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) is an important regulator of the cell cycle. Together with CDK4, it phosphorylates and inactivates retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. In tumour cells, CDK6 is frequently upregulated and CDK4/6 kinase inhibitors like palbociclib possess high activity in breast cancer and other malignancies. Besides its crucial catalytic function, kinase-independent roles of CDK6 have been described. Therefore, targeted degradation of CDK6 may be advantageous over kinase inhibition. Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) structurally based on the cereblon (CRBN) ligand thalidomide have recently been described to degrade the targets CDK4/6. However, CRBN-based PROTACs have several limitations including the remaining activity of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) on Ikaros transcription factors as well as CRBN inactivation as a resistance mechanism in cancer. Here, we systematically explored the chemical space of CDK4/6 PROTACs by addressing different E3 ligases and connecting their respective small-molecule binders via various linkers to palbociclib. The spectrum of CDK6-specific PROTACs was extended to von Hippel Lindau (VHL) and cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1) that are essential for most cancer cells and therefore less likely to be inactivated. Our VHL-based PROTAC series included compounds that were either specific for CDK6 or exhibited dual activity against CDK4 and CDK6. IAP-based PROTACs caused a combined degradation of CDK4/6 and IAPs resulting in synergistic effects on cancer cell growth. Our new degraders showed potent and long-lasting degrading activity in human and mouse cells and inhibited proliferation of several leukemia, myeloma and breast cancer cell lines. In conclusion, we show that VHL- and IAP-based PROTACs are an attractive approach for targeted degradation of CDK4/6 in cancer.
| S-EPMC7552917 | biostudies-literature
Project description:SIAH ubiquitin E3 ligases as modulators of inflammatory gene expression
| PRJNA742677 | ENA
Project description:Transcriptional Regulation by Cullin Ubiquitin Ligases
| PRJNA614537 | ENA
Project description:Replication licensing is carefully regulated to restrict replication to once in a cell cycle. In higher eukaryotes, regulation of the licensing factor Cdt1 by proteolysis and Geminin is essential to prevent re-replication. We show here that the N-terminal 100 amino acids of human Cdt1 are recognized for proteolysis by two distinct E3 ubiquitin ligases during S-G2 phases. Six highly conserved amino acids within the 10 first amino acids of Cdt1 are essential for DDB1-Cul4-mediated proteolysis. This region is also involved in proteolysis following DNA damage. The second E3 is SCF-Skp2, which recognizes the Cy-motif-mediated Cyclin E/A-cyclin-dependent kinase-phosphorylated region. Consistently, in HeLa cells cosilenced of Skp2 and Cul4, Cdt1 remained stable in S-G2 phases. The Cul4-containing E3 is active during ongoing replication, while SCF-Skp2 operates both in S and G2 phases. PCNA binds to Cdt1 through the six conserved N-terminal amino acids. PCNA is essential for Cul4- but not Skp2-directed degradation during DNA replication and following ultraviolet-irradiation. Our data unravel multiple distinct pathways regulating Cdt1 to block re-replication.
| S-EPMC1409712 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Paeonia lactiflora restored skeletal muscle function and mass in cancer-bearing mice, through the downregulations of muscular NF-kB signalling and muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases. This study provides experimental evidence that Paeonia lactiflora can be a plausible candidate for a therapeutic agent for cancer cachexia.
2019-06-04 | GSE132120 | GEO