Project description:In this study we examined the effects of loss of the MYST histone acetyltransferase TIP60 (KAT5) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), human embryonic kidney cells 293 (HEK293), and human osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) on cell proliferation, BrdU incorporation, cell cycle progression, apoptotic and other forms of cell death, DNA damage, histone acetylation at specific lysine residues and RNA expression levels. This dataset relates to MEFs. To assess the effects of loss of TIP60 on RNA levels, RNA-seq was performed on MEFs, where the TIP60 gene was deleted using Cre/loxP technology. Nuclear translocation was induced with 4-OH-tamoxifen treatment for 3 and 5 days to induce TIP60 gene deletion in the samples also containing the loxP sited in the Tip60 locus.
Project description:In this study we examined the effects of loss of the MYST histone acetyltransferase TIP60 (KAT5) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), human embryonic kidney cells 293 (HEK293), and human osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) on cell proliferation, BrdU incorporation, cell cycle progression, apoptotic and other forms of cell death, DNA damage, histone acetylation at specific lysine residues and RNA expression levels. This dataset relates to U2OS cells. To assess the effects of loss of TIP60 on RNA levels, RNA-seq was performed on U2OS cells, where the TIP60 gene was mutated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology using single guide RNA #1 (g1/C9), single guide RNA #2 (g2/C9), or guide-only controls (g1 or g2). The expression of the guide RNA was induced with doxycycline treatment for 4 days to induce TIP60 gene mutation in the samples also expressing the Cas9 enzyme.
Project description:In this study we examined the effects of loss of the MYST histone acetyltransferase TIP60 (KAT5) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), human embryonic kidney cells 293 (HEK293), and human osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) on cell proliferation, BrdU incorporation, cell cycle progression, apoptotic and other forms of cell death, DNA damage, histone acetylation at specific lysine residues and RNA expression levels. This dataset relates to HEK293 cells. To assess the effects of loss of TIP60 on RNA levels, RNA-seq was performed on HEK293 cells, where the TIP60 gene was mutated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology using single guide RNA #1 (g1/C9), single guide RNA #2 (g2/C9), or guide-only controls (g1 or g2). The expression of the guide RNA was induced with doxycycline treatment for 3 days to induce TIP60 gene mutation in the samples also expressing the Cas9 enzyme.
Project description:Proper regulation of chromatin structure is necessary for the maintenance of cell type-specific gene expression patterns. The embryonic stem cell (ESC) expression pattern governs self-renewal and pluripotency. Here, we present an RNAi screen in mouse ESCs of 1008 loci encoding chromatin proteins. We identified 68 proteins that exhibit diverse phenotypes upon knockdown (KD), including seven subunits of the Tip60-p400 complex. Phenotypic analyses revealed that Tip60-p400 is necessary to maintain characteristic features of ESCs. We show that p400 localization to the promoters of both silent and active genes is dependent upon histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3). Furthermore, the Tip60-p400 KD gene expression profile is enriched for developmental regulators and significantly overlaps with that of the transcription factor Nanog. Depletion of Nanog reduces p400 binding to target promoters without affecting H3K4me3 levels. Together, these data indicate that Tip60-p400 integrates signals from Nanog and H3K4me3 to regulate gene expression in ESCs. Experiment Overall Design: We identified genes encoding subunits of the Tip60-p400 complex in an RNAi screen of chromatin proteins in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which upon depletion resulted in a dramatic phenotype. To investigate the role of this complex in gene expression in ESCs, we performed expression profiling upon depletion of the catalytic subunits. We performed 4 biological replicates of p400 or Tip60 knockdown and compared them to biological replicates of control EGFP knockdown. The p400 (Ep400) experiment was performed as competitive two-color hybridizations on one 4x44K array with dye swaps and the Tip60 (Htatip) experiment was performed as single color hybridizations on two 4x44K arrays. Note: the Tip60 KD replicate 3 was excluded from downstream analysis of differential expression, because the intensity profile was an outlier in diagnostic analyses
Project description:Mammalian TIP60 is a multi-functional enzyme with histone acetylation and histone dimer exchange activities. It plays roles in diverse cellular processes including transcription, DNA repair, cell cycle control, and embryonic development. We performed structural study on human TIP60 complex with cryo-electron microscopy. The structural model of human TIP60 complex was built based on the high-resolution cryo-EM maps, assisted by cross-linking mass spectrometry (CX-MS) and AlphaFold2 prediction.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE11240: An RNAi Screen of Chromatin Proteins Identifies Tip60-p400 as a Regulator of Embryonic Stem Cell Identity, Experiment A GSE11241: An RNAi Screen of Chromatin Proteins Identifies Tip60-p400 as a Regulator of Embryonic Stem Cell Identity, Experiment B Keywords: SuperSeries Refer to individual Series
Project description:Background Tip60 (KAT5) is the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) of the mammalian Tip60/NuA4 complex. While Tip60 is important for early mouse development and mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) pluripotency, the function of Tip60 as reflected in a genome-wide context is not yet well understood. Results Gel filtration of nuclear mESCs extracts indicate incorporation of Tip60 into large molecular complexes and exclude the existence of large quantities of âfreeâ Tip60 within the nuclei of ESCs. Thus, monitoring of Tip60 binding to the genome should reflect the behaviour of Tip60-containing complexes. The genome-wide mapping of Tip60 binding in mESCs by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) shows that the Tip60 complex is present at promoter regions of predominantly active genes that are bound by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and contain the H3K4me3 histone mark. The coactivator HAT complexes, Tip60- and Mof (KAT8)-containing (NSL and MSL), show a global overlap at promoters, whereas distinct binding profiles at enhancers suggest different regulatory functions of each essential HAT complex. Interestingly, Tip60 enrichment peaks at about 200 bp downstream of the transcription start sites suggesting a function for the Tip60 complexes in addition to histone acetylation. The comparison of genome-wide binding profiles of Tip60 and c-Myc, a somatic cell reprogramming factor that binds predominantly to active genes in mESCs, demonstrate that Tip60 and c-Myc co-bind at 50â60 % of their binding sites. We also show that the Tip60 complex binds to a subset of bivalent developmental genes and defines a set of mESC-specific enhancer as well as super-enhancer regions. Conclusions Our study suggests that the Tip60 complex functions as a global transcriptional co-activator at most active Pol II promoters, co-regulates the ESC-specific c-Myc network, important for ESC self-renewal and cell metabolism and acts at a subset of active distal regulatory elements, or super enhancers, in mESCs. Genome- wide binding of Tip60 co-activator complexes