Human Tau Mutations in Cerebral Organoids Induce a Progressive Dyshomeostasis of Cholesterol
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA859858 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR20288900_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20288900_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20288901_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20288901_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20288902_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Mutations in the MAPT gene that encodes tau lead to frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with pathology evident in both cerebral neurons and glia. Human cerebral organoids (hCOs) from individuals harboring pathogenic tau mutations can reveal the earliest downstream effects on molecular pathways within a developmental context generating interacting neurons and glia. We found that in hCOs carrying the V337M and R406W tau mutations, the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in astrocytes was the top upregulated gene set compared to isogenic controls by scRNAseq. The 15 upregulated genes included HMGCR, ACAT2, STARD4, LDLR, and SREBF2. This result was confirmed in a homozygous R406W mutant cell line, by immunostaining and sterol measurements. Cholesterol abundance in the brain is tightly regulated by efflux and cholesterol biosynthetic enzyme levels in astrocytes, and dysregulation can cause aberrant phosphorylation of tau. Our findings suggest that cholesterol dyshomeostasis is an early event in the etiology of neurodegeneration caused by tau mutations.
2022-07-21 | GSE208418 | GEO
Project description:Mutations in the MAPT gene that encodes tau lead to frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with pathology evident in both cerebral neurons and glia. Human cerebral organoids (hCOs) from individuals harboring pathogenic tau mutations can reveal the earliest downstream effects on molecular pathways within a developmental context, generating interacting neurons and glia. We found that in hCOs carrying the V337M and R406W tau mutations, the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in astrocytes was the top upregulated gene set compared with isogenic controls by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). The 15 upregulated genes included HMGCR, ACAT2, STARD4, LDLR, and SREBF2. This result was confirmed in a homozygous R406W mutant cell line by immunostaining and sterol measurements. Cholesterol abundance in the brain is tightly regulated by efflux and cholesterol biosynthetic enzyme levels in astrocytes, and dysregulation can cause aberrant phosphorylation of tau. Our findings suggest that cholesterol dyshomeostasis is an early event in the etiology of neurodegeneration caused by tau mutations.
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Project description:Transcriptional signatures of progressive neuropathology in tau and amyloid mouse models
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Project description:Background: Iron trafficking and accumulation has been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, the role of iron dyshomeostasis in early disease stages is uncertain. Currently, gene expression changes indicative of iron dyshomeostasis are not well characterised, making it difficult to explore these in existing datasets. Results: We identified sets of genes predicted to contain Iron Responsive Elements (IREs), and used these to explore iron dyshomeostasis responses in transcript datasets involving (1) cultured cells under iron overload and deficiency treatments, (2) post-mortem brain tissues from AD and other neuropathologies, (3) 5XFAD transgenic mice modelling AD pathologies, and (4) a zebrafish knock-in model of early-onset, familial AD (fAD). IRE gene sets were sufficiently sensitive to distinguish not only between iron overload and deficiency in cultured cells, but also between AD and other pathological brain conditions. Notably, we see changes in 3’ IRE transcript abundance as amongst the earliest observable in zebrafish fAD-like brains and preceding other AD-typical pathologies such as inflammatory changes. Unexpectedly, while some 3’ IRE transcripts show significantly increased stability under iron deficiency in line with current assumptions, many such transcripts instead show decreased stability, indicating that this is not a generalizable paradigm. Conclusions: Our results reveal iron dyshomeostasis as a likely early driver of fAD and as able to distinguish AD from other brain pathologies. Our work demonstrates how differences in the stability of IRE-containing transcripts can be used to explore and compare iron dyshomeostasis responses in different species, tissues, and conditions.
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Project description:Tau aggregates lead to progressive neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Neuron death is one of the hallmarks of neurodegeneration.However, the pathological influence of neuronal death is undetermined, and the connection between Tau aggregates and neuronal death remains elusive. Here we demonstrated the essential role of neuron death in Tau-related neurodegeneration. Tau-neurons died in necroptosis, dependent on ZBP1 sensitized by Z-RNAs (an unusual left-handed conformation). Those endogenous Z-RNAs were transcripts of reactivated transposable elements (TEs) originally silenced in heterochromatin.
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2023-11-22 | GSE248068 | GEO
Project description:Tau aggregates lead to progressive neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (ref). Neuron death is one of the hallmarks of neurodegeneration (ref). However, the pathological influence of neuronal death is undetermined, and the connection between Tau aggregates and neuronal death remains elusive. Here we demonstrated the essential role of neuron death in Tau-related neurodegeneration. Tau-neurons died in necroptosis, dependent on ZBP1 sensitized by Z-RNAs (an unusual left-handed conformation). Those endogenous Z-RNAs were transcripts of reactivated transposable elements (TEs) originally silenced in heterochromatin.
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Project description:Aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein, tau, can lead to neurofibrillary tangle formation in neurons and glia, the hallmark of tauopathy. The cellular damages induced by the tau overexpression and aggregation may lead to multiple pathologic features of tauopathy. However, the effect of aging on tauopathy has not been elucidated yet. Here, we conducted lncRNA/mRNA sequencing analysis on P301S mutant Tau transgenic mouse model (PS19) with different ages to track the genetic changes occurred by the aging and progression of tau overexpression.
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