Insulin signaling in the long-lived reproductive caste of ants
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA861827 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR20572600.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20572601.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20572602.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20572603.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20572604.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:In most organisms, reproduction is correlated with shorter lifespan. However, the reproductive queen in eusocial insects exhibits much longer lifespan than workers. In Harpegnathos ants, when the queen dies, workers can undergo an adult caste switch to reproductive pseudo-queens (gamergates) exhibiting a 5X prolonged lifespan. To explore the relation between reproduction and longevity, we compared gene expression during caste switching. Insulin expression is increased in the gamergate brain that correlates with increased lipid synthesis and production of vitellogenin in the fat body, both transported to the egg. This results from activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) branch of the insulin signaling pathway. In contrast, the production in the gamergate developing ovary of anti-insulin Imp-L2 leads to decreased signaling of the AKT/FOXO branch in the fat body, consistent with their extended longevity.
2022-07-27 | GSE209617 | GEO
Project description:In most organisms, reproduction is correlated with shorter life span. However, the reproductive queen in eusocial insects exhibits a much longer life span than that of workers. In Harpegnathos ants, when the queen dies, workers can undergo an adult caste switch to reproductive pseudo-queens (gamergates), exhibiting a five-times prolonged life span. To explore the relation between reproduction and longevity, we compared gene expression during caste switching. Insulin expression is increased in the gamergate brain that correlates with increased lipid synthesis and production of vitellogenin in the fat body, both transported to the egg. This results from activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) branch of the insulin signaling pathway. By contrast, the production in the gamergate developing ovary of anti-insulin Imp-L2 leads to decreased signaling of the AKT/forkhead box O (FOXO) branch in the fat body, which is consistent with their extended longevity.
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Project description:Caste-specific gene expression in ants
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Project description:Eusocial insects have evolved the capacity to generate adults with distinct morphological, reproductive and behavioural phenotypes from the same genome. Recent studies suggest that RNA editing might enhance the diversity of gene products at the post-transcriptional level, particularly to induce functional changes in the nervous system. Using head samples from the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex echinatior, we compare RNA editomes across eusocial castes, identifying ca. 11,000 RNA editing sites in gynes, large workers and small workers. Those editing sites map to 800 genes functionally enriched for neurotransmission, circadian rhythm, temperature response, RNA splicing and carboxylic acid biosynthesis. Most A. echinatior editing sites are species specific, but 8M-bM-^@M-^S23% are conserved across ant subfamilies and likely to have been important for the evolution of eusociality in ants. The level of editing varies for the same site between castes, suggesting that RNA editing might be a general mechanism that shapes caste behaviour in ants. Analysis of genome-wide RNA editing in three different female castes of the the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex echinatior.
2014-10-02 | E-GEOD-51576 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Eusocial insects have evolved the capacity to generate adults with distinct morphological, reproductive and behavioural phenotypes from the same genome. Recent studies suggest that RNA editing might enhance the diversity of gene products at the post-transcriptional level, particularly to induce functional changes in the nervous system. Using head samples from the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex echinatior, we compare RNA editomes across eusocial castes, identifying ca. 11,000 RNA editing sites in gynes, large workers and small workers. Those editing sites map to 800 genes functionally enriched for neurotransmission, circadian rhythm, temperature response, RNA splicing and carboxylic acid biosynthesis. Most A. echinatior editing sites are species specific, but 8–23% are conserved across ant subfamilies and likely to have been important for the evolution of eusociality in ants. The level of editing varies for the same site between castes, suggesting that RNA editing might be a general mechanism that shapes caste behaviour in ants.
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Project description:Epigenetic modifications are known to profoundly affect the development and behavior of social insects. In the well-known caste differentiation process of honeybee (Apis mellifera), female larvae with identical genomes are fed royal jellydifferently and develop into either normal workers or into very large, long-lived, and extremely fecund queens, and the queen-worker asymmetry of honeybee is known to be result largely to differential genomic imprinting during larval development that involves DNA methylation-based regulation. The discovery of reversible N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation modification has defined a new era for RNA-metabolism-related genetic regulation, yet much remains unknown about m6A-mediated post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. Here, we report the first honeybee RNA m6A methylome. Specifically, we used the m6A-seq technique to examine the RNA m6A methylomes of honeybee larvae, including queen and worker larvae at multiple instar stages. We identified multiple conserved features of m6A methylation machinery and transcriptome-wide m6A distribution trends among insect species, and observed that m6A marks exert functions in regulating caste differentiation, with apparently particularly strong functional impacts on fifth instar worker larvae. Functional annotation of differentially methylated candidate caste-differentiation-related transcripts revealed many known regulators of caste differentiation (e.g. ILP-2, p110, PI3K, and JHAMT etc.) as well as the widely-studied Vitellogenin gene, which has not previously been implicated in caste differentiation. As ever-more regulatory roles for m6A marks are discovered, honeybees may become an excellent model studying the biology of such epi-transcriptomic regulatory systems, from embryonic development through holometabolous caste-specific development and on towards behavior and the emergent social hierarchies underlying eusociality in animals.
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