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Mouse complete embryoid development within a yolk sac recapitulates gastrulation, neurulation and early organogenesis

ABSTRACT: Mouse complete embryoid development within a yolk sac recapitulates gastrulation, neurulation and early organogenesis

PROVIDER: PRJNA862479 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR20650500_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR20650500_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR20650600_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR20650600_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR20650700_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Mouse complete embryoid development within a yolk sac recapitulates gastrulation, neurulation and early organogenesis

Project description:Embryo-like structures generated from stem cells can achieve varying developmental milestones, but none have been shown to progress through gastrulation, neurulation, and organogenesis. Here, we show that "ETiX" mouse embryoids, assembled from embryonic stem cells, trophoblast stem cells and inducible extraembryonic endoderm stem cells, can develop into gastrulating embryoids, and beyond to generate neurulating embryoids, which generate the progenitors needed to create the entire organism. The head-folds of ETiX neurulating embryoids show anterior expression of Otx2, defining forebrain and midbrain regions that resemble those of the natural mouse embryo. Neurulating embryoids also develop beating heart-like structures, trunks comprising a neural tube and somites, tail buds containing neuromesodermal progenitors and primordial germ cells, and gut tubes derived from definitive endoderm. Notably, neurulating embryoids also develop a yolk sac with blood islands. Overall, ETiX neurulating embryoid formation strongly resembles natural embryogenesis, advancing embryo-like development further than any other stem-cell derived model and within extra-embryonic membranes.

2022-08-12 | GSE209792 | GEO

Embryo model completes gastrulation to neurulation and organogenesis.

Project description:Embryonic stem (ES) cells can undergo many aspects of mammalian embryogenesis in vitro1-5, but their developmental potential is substantially extended by interactions with extraembryonic stem cells, including trophoblast stem (TS) cells, extraembryonic endoderm stem (XEN) cells and inducible XEN (iXEN) cells6-11. Here we assembled stem cell-derived embryos in vitro from mouse ES cells, TS cells and iXEN cells and showed that they recapitulate the development of whole natural mouse embryo in utero up to day 8.5 post-fertilization. Our embryo model displays headfolds with defined forebrain and midbrain regions and develops a beating heart-like structure, a trunk comprising a neural tube and somites, a tail bud containing neuromesodermal progenitors, a gut tube, and primordial germ cells. This complete embryo model develops within an extraembryonic yolk sac that initiates blood island development. Notably, we demonstrate that the neurulating embryo model assembled from Pax6-knockout ES cells aggregated with wild-type TS cells and iXEN cells recapitulates the ventral domain expansion of the neural tube that occurs in natural, ubiquitous Pax6-knockout embryos. Thus, these complete embryoids are a powerful in vitro model for dissecting the roles of diverse cell lineages and genes in development. Our results demonstrate the self-organization ability of ES cells and two types of extraembryonic stem cells to reconstitute mammalian development through and beyond gastrulation to neurulation and early organogenesis.

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Modeling human gastrulation and secondary yolk sac formation with BMP4 signaling center

Project description:Purpose: Characterization of cell types in BMP4 induced human gastruloids. Methods: BMP4 induced human gastruloids were harvested on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 15, and then dissociated into single cells. Libraries were constructed with a Chromium Single Cell 3′v3 Reagent Kit (10x Genomics) according to the manufacturer’s protocol for 10000 cell recovery.Sequencing was performed with Illumina Novaseq 6000 according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Illumina). Results: Definiitve endoderm, yolk sac endoderm, hematopoiesis cell fates were detected in BMP4 induced human gastruloids. Conclusions: BMP4 induced the formation of human gastruloids with a yolk sac-like cavity structure.

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Yolk Sac

Project description:RNASeq reveals conservation of function among the yolk sacs of human, mouse and chicken

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Expression data from Tnrc6a (GW182) mutant yolk sac

2011-09-01 | GSE30244 | GEO

Expression data from Tnrc6a (GW182) mutant yolk sac

Project description:GW182 (Tnrc6a) is a key component of RISC (miRNA-Induced Silencing Complex) that plays a critical role in miRNA-mediated gene silencing. Here, we show that GW182 is expressed in the yolk sac endoderm, and that gene-trap disruption of GW182 leads to growth arrest of yolk sac endoderm, impaired hematopoiesis and embryonic lethality. To investigate roles of GW182 in the yolk sac endoderm, we assessed changes in mRNA expression in the yolk sac of E9.5 GW182gt/gt embryos using microarrays (Affymetrix). Yolk sac of wild type littermates and GW182gt/gt embryos at E9.5 was collected for total RNA isolation using Trizol (Invitrogen). RNAs were purified according to the manufacturer’s protocol before subjected to Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Whole Genome Array (Affymetrix) for mRNA expression profiling. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Differentially expressed mRNAs were identified using a two-sample t-test (P<0.05 considered significant).

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Project description:Blood and endothelial cells arise from hemangiogenic progenitors that are specified from FLK1-expressing mesoderm by the transcription factor ETV2. FLK1 mesoderm also contributes to other tissues, including vascular smooth muscle (VSM) and cardiomyocytes. However, the developmental process of FLK1 mesoderm generation and its derivatives and the lineage relationship among FLK1 mesoderm derivatives these tissues remain obscure. Recent single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies of early stages of embryogenesis embryos, or in vitro differentiated human embryonic stem (ES) cells have differentiation provided unprecedented information on the spatiotemporal resolution of cells in embryogenesis. Nonetheless, these snapshots still nonetheless offer insufficient information on dynamic developmental processes due to inadvertently missing intermediate states and unavoidable batch effects. Here we performed scRNA-seq of mouse ES cells in asynchronous embryoid bodies (EBs), in vitro differentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells containing undifferentiated ES cells and its differentiated hemangiogenic progeny, as well as yolk sacs, the first hematopoietic extraembryonic tissue in developing embryo that contains hemangiogenic and VSM lineages. We captured a continuous developmental process from undifferentiated pluripotent cells to FLK1 mesoderm-derived tissues involved in hemangiogenesis. This continuous transcriptome map will benefit both basic and applied studies of mesoderm and its derivatives.

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The role of the yolk sac in human fetal development and identification of a hepatocyte-like cell in the human yolk sac

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Project description:Single cell RNA-seq of mouse embryoid bodies and yolk sac

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