ATF3-CBS axis regulates ferroptosis and tumorigenesis via targeting mitochondrial homeostasis
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA881307 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2022-11-16 | GSE213536 | GEO
Project description:Liver cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies with an annual death of over 830,000 cases. Although targeted therapeutic drugs have achieved certain clinical efficacy, only sorafenib and lenvatinib are currently marketed as first-line targeted drugs to treat patients with advanced liver cancer. Therefore, developing more drugs are urgently needed. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed cell death (PCD) distinct from known PCDs including apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Targeting ferroptosis is recognized as a promising potential therapeutic modality for liver cancer. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is an important ferroptosis inducer and targeting ATF3 offers a potential means to cancer therapy. In the present study, we reported for the first time a sophoridine derivative 6j with promising anti-liver cancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Compound 6j could induce liver cancer cells ferroptosis by promoting the accumulation of intracellular Fe2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and MDA. Inhibition of ferroptosis by ferrostatin-1 alleviated 6j induced accumulation of Fe2+, ROS, and MDA and restored cell viability. Further study revealed that compound 6j upregulated the expression of ATF3 via ER stress and knockdown of ATF3 by RNA interference attenuated 6j induced ferroptosis and cell proliferation inhibition. This study would provide new insights for the design of ferroptosis inducers and the development of anti-liver cancer drugs.
2023-08-23 | GSE237138 | GEO
Project description:Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death caused by disruption of redox homeostasis, and is closely linked to amino acid metabolism. Yin Yang 2 (YY2) and its homolog Yin Yang 1 (YY1) are members of the YY family with high homology, especially in their zinc-finger domains. Furthermore, they share consensus DNA binding motif. In contrast with the oncogenic YY1, increasing evidences have demonstrated the tumor suppressive effect of YY2; however, at present, little is known about its biological and pathological functions. Here we found that YY2 induces tumor cells ferroptosis and subsequently, suppresses tumorigenesis, by inhibiting SLC7A11 transcription, leading to the decreased glutathione biosynthesis. Furthermore, we reveal that YY2 and YY1 bind competitively to SLC7A11 promoter and antagonistically regulate tumor cells ferroptosis, thus suggesting the molecular mechanism underlying their opposite regulation on tumorigenesis. Moreover, we showed that mutations of YY2 zinc-finger domains in clinical cancer patients abrogated YY2/SLC7A11 axis and tumor cells ferroptosis. Together, these results provide a new insight regarding the regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis, and a mechanistic explanation regarding the tumor suppressive effect of YY2. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that homeostasis between YY1 and YY2 is crucial for maintaining redox homeostasis in tumor cells.
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Project description:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the tumorigenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ferroptosis is considered a mechanism to suppress tumorigenesis. Herein, we identified a novel downregulated circRNA, circPOLA2 (hsa_circ_0004291), in NSCLC tissues and found that it was correlated with advanced clinical stage in patients. Nuclear-cytoplasmic fractionation assays and FISH assays confirmed that circPOLA2 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of circPOLA2 promoted lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in NSCLC cells, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and migration, while knockdown of circPOLA2 exerted the opposite effects. Mechanistically, circPOLA2 interacted with Merlin, a critical regulator of the Hippo pathway, and restricted Merlin phosphorylation at S518, leading to the activation of the Hippo pathway. In addition, circPOLA2 enhanced ferroptosis in NSCLC cells by activating the Hippo pathway. Together, circPOLA2 sensitizes cells to ferroptosis and suppresses tumorigenesis in NSCLC by facilitating Merlin-mediated activation of the Hippo signaling pathway.
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Project description:Sophoridine derivative 6j inhibits liver cancer cell proliferation via ATF3 mediated ferroptosis
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Project description:Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a group of innate like T cells that plays important roles in immune homeostasis and activation. We found that iNKT cells, compared to CD4+ T cells, have significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation in both mice and humans. Proteomic analysis also demonstrated that iNKT cells express higher levels of Glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), a major antioxidant enzyme that reduces lipid peroxidation and prevents ferroptosis. T cell specific deletion of Gpx4 reduces iNKT cell population, most prominently the IFNg producing NKT1 subset. RNAseq analysis revealed IFNg signaling, cell cycle regulation, as well as mitochondrial function are perturbed by Gpx4 deletion in iNKT cells. Consistently, we detected impaired cytokine production, elevated cell proliferation and cell death, and accumulation of lipid peroxides and mitochondrial ROS in Gpx4 KO iNKT cells. Ferroptosis inhibitor, iron chelator, vitamin E and vitamin K2 can prevent ferroptosis induced by Gpx4 deficiency in iNKT cells and ameliorate the impaired function of iNKT cells due to Gpx4 inhibition. Lastly, vitamin E rescued iNKT cell population in Gpx4 KO mice. Altogether, our findings reveal the critical role of Gpx4 in regulating iNKT cell homeostasis and function, through controlling lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis.
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Project description:Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are pivotal for maintaining intestinal homeostasis through self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and regulated cell death. While apoptosis and necroptosis are recognized as distinct pathways, their intricate interplay remains elusive. In this study, we report that Mettl3-mediated m6A modification maintains intestinal homeostasis by impeding epithelial cell death. Mettl3 knockout induces both apoptosis and necroptosis in IECs. Targeting different modes of cell death with specific inhibitors unveils that RIPK1 kinase activity is critical for the cell death triggered by Mettl3 knockout. Mechanistically, this occurs via the m6A-mediated transcriptional regulation of Atf3, a transcription factor that directly binds to Cflar, the gene encoding the anti-cell death protein cFLIP. cFLIP inhibits RIPK1 activity, thereby suppressing downstream apoptotic and necroptotic signaling. Together, these findings delineate the essential role of the METTL3-ATF3-cFLIP axis in homeostatic regulation of the intestinal epithelium by blocking RIPK1 activity.
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Project description:We performed ChIP-seq to find the trageted genes regulated by ATF3 in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)using ATF3 antibody for ChIP.
2023-01-01 | GSE193996 | GEO
Project description:Integration of metabolic, stress and immune responses plays a fundamental role during animal development to maintain energy homeostasis while ensuring growth and proper developmental timing. Perturbation of metabolic and immune signaling circuits has detrimental consequences to animal development including growth retardation, organ malfunction and emergence of the metabolic syndrome. Here, we demonstrate that the Drosophila basic region-leucine zipper (bZIP) protein, Activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3), safeguards a balance of metabolic and immune system responses during fly development. Loss of Atf3 function results in lethality during late-larval and pupal stages. Atf3-deficient larvae exhibit phenotypes resembling the metabolic syndrome in mammals. Excessive accumulation of lipids in the larval fat body and gut is accompanied by altered expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Moreover, the fat body of atf3 mutants becomes infiltrated by hemocytes. The major pro-inflammatory pathways signaling through JNK and Imd are hyperactivated in atf3 mutants, causing ectopic expression of antimicrobial peptide genes. Suppression of the immune response, achieved by reducing the gene dose of the transcription factors FOXO or NF-kappaB/Relish, significantly improves lipid metabolism and normalizes gene expression profile of atf3 mutants. In addition, heterozygosity of relish partially rescues lethality of the atf3 mutants. Our data thus identify Atf3 as an essential player that links metabolic and immune system homeostasis during animal development. Examination of mRNA levels from four genotypes of male, 3rd instar Drosophila melanogaster larvae. mRNA levels from four genotypes relative to y w control were determined using two biological replicates per genotype. Genome build: BDGP R5/dm3, April 2006
2012-11-05 | E-GEOD-36377 | biostudies-arrayexpress