Project description:Sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, which has improved the characterization of microbial community, has made it possible to detect a low level Helicobacter pylori (HP) sequences even in HP-negative subjects which were determined by a combination of conventional methods. This study was conducted to obtain a cutoff value for HP colonization in gastric mucosa biopsies and gastric juices by the pyrosequencing method. Corresponding author: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Tel., +82-31-787-7008; e-mail, nayoungkim49@empas.com). Microbial DNA from gastric mucosal samples [gastric antrum (n=63, mucosal biopsy), follow-up sample on gastric antrum (n=16, mucosal biopsy), and gastric body (n=18, mucosal biopsy)] and gastric juices (n=4, not mucosal biopsy) was amplified by nested PCR using universal bacterial primers, and the 16S rRNA genes were pyrosequenced.
Project description:To explore the role of miRNAs in gastric cancer, miRNA microarray profiling in 28 pairs of gastric cancer tissues and the matched normal mucosal tissues were performed. Twenty-eight pairs of gastric cancer tissues and the matched normal mucosal tissues were performed by human microRNA microarray v.12.0 (Agilent Technologies).
Project description:To explore the role of miRNAs in gastric cancer, miRNA microarray profiling in 28 pairs of gastric cancer tissues and the matched normal mucosal tissues were performed.
Project description:Persistent mucosal inflammation and microbial infection are characteristic of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS). Though mucosal microbiota dysbiosis is a characteristic feature of other chronic inflammatory diseases, the relationship between sinus microbiota composition and CRS is unknown. Here we demonstrate, using comparative microbiome profiling of a cohort of CRS patients and healthy subjects, that the sinus microbiota of CRS patients exhibit significantly reduced bacterial diversity. Characteristic of this community collapse is the depletion of multiple, phylogenetically distinct, Lactic Acid Bacteria and the concomitant increase in relative abundance of a single species, Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum. Recapitulating the conditions observed in our human cohort in a murine model confirmed the pathogenic potential of C. tuberculostearicum and the critical necessity for a replete mucosal microbiota to protect against this species. Moreover, we provide evidence that Lactobacillus sakei, identified from our comparative microbiome analyses as a potentially protective species, affords defense against C. tuberculostearicum sinus infection, even in the context of a depleted sinus bacterial community. These studies demonstrate that sinus mucosal health is highly dependent on the composition of the resident microbiota, and identifies a new sino-pathogen and a strong bacterial candidate for therapeutic intervention. A total of 14 samples were profiled for microbiome composition: 7 from non-sinusitis patients, and 7 from patients with clinically diagnosed chronic sinusitis.
Project description:Management of terminal ileal Crohn's disease (CD) is difficult due to fibrotic prognosis and failure to achieve mucosal healing. A limited number of synchronous analyses have been conducted on the transcriptome and microbiome in unpaired terminal ileum tissues. Therefore, our study focused on the transcriptome and mucosal microbiome in terminal ileal tissues of CD patients with the aim of determining the role of cross-talk between the microbiome and transcriptome in the pathogenesis of terminal ileal CD. Mucosa-attached microbial communities were significantly associated with segmental inflammation status. Interaction-related transcription factors (TFs) are the panel nodes for crosstalk between the gene patterns and microbiome for terminal ileal CD. The transcriptome and microbiome in terminal ileal CD can be different related to local inflammatory status, and specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) may be targeted for mucosal healing. TFs connect gene patterns with the microbiome by reflecting environmental stimuli and signals from microbiota.
Project description:Even after endoscopic treatment of early gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) and eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), some patients develop a metachronous recurrence (MR), the mechanism of which is still unknown. To elucidate the mechanism and risk factors for MR, we analyzed gene expression at multiple locations of the gastric mucosa, considering the heterogeneity of gastric mucosal damage caused by H. pylori infection and investigated the mechanism and risk factors for MR.
Project description:On going efforts are directed at understanding the mutualism between the gut microbiota and the host in breast-fed versus formula-fed infants. Due to the lack of tissue biopsies, no investigators have performed a global transcriptional (gene expression) analysis of the developing human intestine in healthy infants. As a result, the crosstalk between the microbiome and the host transcriptome in the developing mucosal-commensal environment has not been determined. In this study, we examined the host intestinal mRNA gene expression and microbial DNA profiles in full term 3 month-old infants exclusively formula fed (FF) (n=6) or breast fed (BF) (n=6) from birth to 3 months. Host mRNA microarray measurements were performed using isolated intact sloughed epithelial cells in stool samples collected at 3 months. Microbial composition from the same stool samples was assessed by metagenomic pyrosequencing. Both the host mRNA expression and bacterial microbiome phylogenetic profiles provided strong feature sets that clearly classified the two groups of babies (FF and BF). To determine the relationship between host epithelial cell gene expression and the bacterial colony profiles, the host transcriptome and functionally profiled microbiome data were analyzed in a multivariate manner. From a functional perspective, analysis of the gut microbiota's metagenome revealed that characteristics associated with virulence differed between the FF and BF babies. Using canonical correlation analysis, evidence of multivariate structure relating eleven host immunity / mucosal defense-related genes and microbiome virulence characteristics was observed. These results, for the first time, provide insight into the integrated responses of the host and microbiome to dietary substrates in the early neonatal period. Our data suggest that systems biology and computational modeling approaches that integrate “-omic” information from the host and the microbiome can identify important mechanistic pathways of intestinal development affecting the gut microbiome in the first few months of life. KEYWORDS: infant, breast-feeding, infant formula, exfoliated cells, transcriptome, metagenome, multivariate analysis, canonical correlation analysis 12 samples, 2 groups