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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA891215 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Genome wide of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine profiling of normal and abnormal, and globozoospermia sperm genomes.Two semen samples were collected from a healthy man and a globozoospermia patient who had consulted a physician at ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University. Other semen samples obtained from two volunteers who were good health generally. 5-hmC enriched genomic DNA libraries were generated following the Illumina protocol for M-bM-^@M-^\Preparing Samples for CHIP sequencing of DNAM-bM-^@M-^]. 100bp single end sequencing on Illumina Hiseq2000 to get 5-hmC-enriched DNA fragment sequence was performed. Examination of 5hmC levels in normal, abnormal, and globozoospermia sperm genomes
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Project description:Retrons are bacterial genetic retroelements that encode reverse transcriptase capable of producing multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA) and function as antiphage defense systems. Phages employ several strategies to counter the host defense systems, but no mechanisms for evading retrons are known. Here, we show that tRNATyr and Rad (retron anti defense) of T5 phage family inhibit the defense activity of retron 78 and a broad range of retrons, respectively. The effector protein of retron 78, ptuAB, specifically degraded tRNATyr leading abortive infection, but phage countervailed this defense by supplying tRNATyr. Rad inhibited retron function by degrading noncoding RNA, the precursor of msDNA. In summary, we demonstrated that viruses encode at least two independent strategies for overcoming bacterial defense systems: anti-defense, such as Rad, and defense canceler, like tRNA.
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