Prolonged cytopenia following CD19 CAR T cell therapy is linked with bone marrow infiltration of clonally expanded IFNγ-expressing CD8 T cells
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA891696 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) therapy is highly effective in relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (rrLBCL) but is associated with toxicities that delay recovery. While the biological mechanisms of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity have been investigated, the pathophysiology is poorly understood for prolonged cytopenia, defined as grade ≥3 cytopenia lasting beyond 30 days after CAR T infusion. By performing single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of bone marrow samples from healthy donors and rrLBCL patients with and without prolonged cytopenia, we identified a significantly increased frequency of clonally expanded CX3CR1hi cytotoxic T-cells, expressing high interferon (IFN)-γ and cytokine signaling gene sets, associated with prolonged cytopenia. In line with this, hematopoietic stem cells from these patients expressed IFN-γ response signatures. IFN-γ deregulates hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation and can be targeted with thrombopoietin agonists or IFN-γ neutralizing antibodies, highlighting a potential mechanism-based approach for the treatment of CAR T-associated prolonged cytopenia.
2023-06-08 | GSE216005 | GEO
Project description:Autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T) therapy is highly effective in relapsed/refractory large B cell lymphoma (rrLBCL) but is associated with toxicities that delay recovery. While the biological mechanisms of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity have been investigated, the pathophysiology is poorly understood for prolonged cytopenia, defined as grade ≥3 cytopenia lasting beyond 30 days after CAR T infusion. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of bone marrow samples from healthy donors and rrLBCL patients with or without prolonged cytopenia and identified significantly increased frequencies of clonally expanded CX3CR1hi cytotoxic T cells, expressing high interferon (IFN)-γ and cytokine signaling gene sets, associated with prolonged cytopenia. In line with this, we found that hematopoietic stem cells from these patients expressed IFN-γ response signatures. IFN-γ deregulates hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation and can be targeted with thrombopoietin agonists or IFN-γ-neutralizing antibodies, highlighting a potential mechanism-based approach for the treatment of CAR T-associated prolonged cytopenia.
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Project description:While immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) benefits cancer patients, many fail to maintain their response due to adaptive resistance mechanisms. IFNγ is critical for cellular immunity, but also promotes adaptive resistance to ICBT. We have established a role for PARP14 in mediating IFNγ-induced adaptive resistance. We confirm that chronic pre-treatment of tumour cells with IFNγ confers resistance to α-PD-1 antibodies in syngeneic mouse tumour models. We identified that PARP14 was consistently upregulated in cancer cells treated chronically with IFNγ as well as in IFNγ-high melanoma samples. Further, we showed that PARP14 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition restores sensitivity to α-PD-1 antibodies accompanied by increased immune cell infiltration into tumours but the decreased presence of regulatory T cells. RNA sequencing analysis of tumours and cultured cells treated with PARP14 inhibitor showed an upregulation of inflammatory-related pathways. In conclusion, PARP14 is an actionable target for reversing IFNγ-driven adaptive resistance to ICBT.
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Project description:While immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) benefits cancer patients, many fail to maintain their response due to adaptive resistance mechanisms. IFNγ is critical for cellular immunity, but also promotes adaptive resistance to ICBT. We have established a role for PARP14 in mediating IFNγ-induced adaptive resistance. We confirm that chronic pre-treatment of tumour cells with IFNγ confers resistance to α-PD-1 antibodies in syngeneic mouse tumour models. We identified that PARP14 was consistently upregulated in cancer cells treated chronically with IFNγ as well as in IFNγ-high melanoma samples. Further, we showed that PARP14 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition restores sensitivity to α-PD-1 antibodies accompanied by increased immune cell infiltration into tumours but the decreased presence of regulatory T cells. RNA sequencing analysis of tumours and cultured cells treated with PARP14 inhibitor showed an upregulation of inflammatory-related pathways. In conclusion, PARP14 is an actionable target for reversing IFNγ-driven adaptive resistance to ICBT.
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Project description:chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) experiment. HeLa cells were primed with IFNγ for 24 hours, followed by IFNγ washout. After 48h, naïve and primed cells were induced by IFNγ for 1h and 3h. Cells were harvested at indicated time points and processed for ATAC-seq.
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