Project description:In this study, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly for L. japonica, representing transcripts from nine different tissues. A total of 22Gbps clean RNA-seq reads from nine tissues of L. japonica were used, resulting in 243,185 unigenes, with 99,938 unigenes annotated based on homology search using blastx against NCBI-nr protein database. Unsupervised principal component analysis and correlation studies using transcripts expression data from all nine tissues of L. japonica showed relationships between tissues explaining their association at different developmental stages. Homologs for all genes associated with chlorogenic acid, luteolin, and secoiridoid biosynthesis pathways were identified in the L. japonica transcriptome assembly. Expression of unigenes associated with chlorogenic acid were enriched in stem and leaf-2, unigenes from luteolin were enriched in stem and flowers, while unigenes from secoiridoid metabolic pathways were enriched in leaf-1 and shoot apex. Our results showed that different tissues of L. japonica are enriched with sets of unigenes associated with a specific pharmaceutically important metabolic pathways, and therefore, possess unique medicinal properties. Present study will serve as a resource for future attempts for functional characterization of enzyme coding genes within key metabolic processes. De novo transcriptome assembly and characterization, and transcriptome profiling for nine tissues of Lonicera japonica
Project description:The complete assembly of vast and complex plant genomes, like the hexaploid wheat genome, remains challenging. Here, we present CS-IAAS, a comprehensive telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free Triticum aestivum L. reference genome, encompassing 14.51 billion base pairs and featuring all 21 centromeres and 42 telomeres. Annotation revealed 90.8 Mb additional centromeric satellite arrays and 5,611 ribosomal DNA(rDNA) units. Genome-wide rearrangements, centromeric elements, TE expansion, and segmental duplications were deciphered during tetraploidization and hexaploidization, providing a comprehensive understanding of wheat subgenome evolution. Among them, TE insertions during hexaploidization greatly influenced gene expression balances, thus increasing the genome plasticity of transcriptional levels. Additionally, we generated 163,329 full-length cDNA sequences and proteomic data that helped annotate 141,035 high-confidence (HC) protein-coding genes. However, in such a hexaploidy genome, 20.05%, 33.43%, and 42.76% of gene transcript levels, alternative splicing events, and protein levels were detected unbalancing among subgenomes. The complete T2T reference genome (CS-IAAS), along with its transcriptome and proteome, represents a significant step in our understanding of wheat genome complexity, and provides insights for future wheat research and breeding.