Regulation of Macrophage IFNγ-Stimulated Gene Expression by the 1 Transcriptional Coregulator CITED1
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PROVIDER: PRJNA901475 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Macrophages are highly dynamic innate immune cells that adopt temporary phenotypes, known as polarization states, in response to changing environmental signals to combat microbial infection and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. During the early stages of an infection, exposure to interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and microbial ligands induce M1 polarization, a heightened proinflammatory anti-microbial state, by regulating the expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). While this response must be sufficiently vigorous to ensure the successful clearance of invading pathogens, it must also be spatially and temporally restricted to prevent uncontrolled inflammation that could result in tissue damage and disease. This is controlled by a variety of cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic mechanisms, including the expression of CBP/p300-interacting transactivator with glutamic acid/aspartic acid-rich carboxyl-terminal domain 2 (CITED2), a transcriptional coregulator that limits IFNγ-stimulated proinflammatory gene expression by inhibiting STAT1- and IRF1-regulated ISGs. In this study, we show that CITED1, another member of the CITED family of proteins, is itself an ISG and is expressed in a STAT1-dependent manner, and that IFNγ stimulates the nuclear accumulation of fluorescently tagged CITED1 proteins. In contrast to CITED2, ectopic expression of CITED1 enhanced the expression of a subset of ISGs, including Ccl2, Ifit3b, Isg15, and Oas2. This effect was reversed in a Cited1 null cell line produced by CRISPR-based genomic editing. Collectively, these data show that CITED1 helps to maintain proinflammatory gene expression during periods of prolonged IFNγ exposure and suggests a distinct and antagonistic relationship between CITED proteins in the regulation of macrophage inflammatory function.
2023-01-01 | GSE217961 | GEO
Project description:Macrophages are highly dynamic innate immune cells that adopt temporary phenotypes, known as polarization states, in response to changing environmental signals to combat microbial infection and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. During the early stages of an infection, exposure to interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and microbial ligands induce M1 polarization, a heightened proinflammatory anti-microbial state, by regulating the expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). While this response must be sufficiently vigorous to ensure the successful clearance of invading pathogens, it must also be spatially and temporally restricted to prevent uncontrolled inflammation that could result in tissue damage and disease. This is controlled by a variety of cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic mechanisms, including the expression of CBP/p300-interacting transactivator with glutamic acid/aspartic acid-rich carboxyl-terminal domain 2 (CITED2), a transcriptional coregulator that limits IFNγ-stimulated proinflammatory gene expression by inhibiting STAT1- and IRF1-regulated ISGs. In this study, we show that CITED1, another member of the CITED family of proteins, is itself an ISG and is expressed in a STAT1-dependent manner, and that IFNγ stimulates the nuclear accumulation of fluorescently tagged CITED1 proteins. In contrast to CITED2, ectopic expression of CITED1 enhanced the expression of a subset of ISGs, including Ccl2, Ifit3b, Isg15, and Oas2. This effect was reversed in a Cited1 null cell line produced by CRISPR-based genomic editing. Collectively, these data show that CITED1 helps to maintain proinflammatory gene expression during periods of prolonged IFNγ exposure and suggests a distinct and antagonistic relationship between CITED proteins in the regulation of macrophage inflammatory function.
2023-01-01 | GSE218356 | GEO
Project description:Regulation of Macrophage IFNγ-Stimulated Gene Expression by the 1 Transcriptional Coregulator CITED1 - KnockOut
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Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as novel regulators of macrophage biology and related inflammatory cardiovascular diseases. However, studies focused on lncRNAs in human macrophage subtypes, particularly human lncRNAs that are not conserved in rodents, are limited. Through RNA-seq of human monocyte-derived macrophages, we identified Suppressor of Inflammatory Macrophage Apoptosis lncRNA (SIMALR), a human macrophage-specific long intergenic noncoding RNA, to be highly induced in LPS/IFNγ-stimulated macrophages. Treatment of LPS/IFNγ stimulated THP1 human macrophages with SIMALR antisense oligonucleotides induced apoptosis of inflammatory macrophages, as shown by increased protein expression of cleaved PARP, caspase 9, caspase 3, and Annexin V+. RNA-seq of control versus SIMALR knockdown in LPS/IFNγ-stimulated human monocyte derived macrophages showed NTN1 to be significantly decreased upon SIMALR knockdown. As expected, NTN1 knockdown in LPS/IFNγ-stimulated macrophages induced apoptosis. This apoptotic phenotype was attenuated by adding recombinant NTN1 after SIMALR knockdown. Furthermore, NTN1 promoter-luciferase reporter activity was increased in HEK293T cells treated with lentiviral overexpression of SIMALR. NTN1 promoter activity is known to require HIF1α. RNA immunoprecipitation and microscopy studies suggest that SIMALR may interact with HIF1α to regulate NTN1 transcription, thereby regulating apoptosis of macrophages. In translational studies, SIMALR was found to be expressed in macrophages in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques of symptomatic patients. SIMALR is a non-conserved, human macrophage lincRNA expressed in human atherosclerosis that regulates macrophage apoptosis. SIMALR partners with HIF1α to regulate NTN1, which is a known macrophage survival factor. This work illustrates the importance of interrogating the functions of non-conserved human lincRNAs and exploring their translational and therapeutic potential in human atherosclerosis.
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Project description:Extracellular Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) boosts IFNγ-induced macrophage polarization
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2020-01-06 | E-MTAB-7572 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Ocular immune privilege (IP) limits immune surveillance of intraocular tumors as certain immunogenic tumor cell lines (P815, E.G7-OVA) that are rejected when transplanted in the skin grow progressively when placed in the anterior chamber (a.c.) of the eye. As splenectomy (SPLNX) is known to terminate ocular IP, we characterized immune mechanisms responsible for spontaneous rejection of intraocular tumors in SPLNX mice as a first step toward identifying how to restore tumoricidal activity within the eye. Microarray data showed a 3-fold increase in interferon (IFN)-γ and a 2.7-fold increase in Fas ligand (FasL). There was a robust increase in transcripts (127 of 408 surveyed) from interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes and a marked decrease (in 40 of 192 surveyed) in the expression of cell-cycle-associated genes. Non-microarray data confirmed that IFNγ, FasL and CD8+ T cells but not perforin or TNFα were required for elimination of intraocular E.G7-OVA tumors that culminated in destruction of the eye (ocular phthsis). IFNγ and FasL did not target tumor cells directly as the majority of SPLNX IFNγR1-/- mice and Fas-defective lpr mice failed to eliminate ocular E.G7-OVA tumors that expressed Fas and IFNγR1. Bone marrow chimeras showed that immune cell expression of IFNγR1 and Fas was critical and that SPLNX increased the frequency of activated macrophages within ocular tumors in an IFNγ- and Fas/FasL-dependent manner. Rejection of intraocular tumors was associated with increased ocular mRNA expression of several inflammatory genes including FasL, NOS2, CXCL2 and T-bet. Our data support a model in which IFNγ- and Fas/FasL-dependent activation of intratumoral macrophage by CD8+ T cells promotes severe intraocular inflammation that indirectly eliminates intraocular tumors by inducing phthisis. The immunosuppressive mechanisms which maintain ocular IP likely interfere with the interaction between CD8+ T cells and macrophage to limit immunosurveillance of intraocular tumors. C57BL/6 mice that were splenectomized (Tumor_splnx) or were not surgically manipulated (Tumor_intact) were challenged with 10^4 luciferase-expressing E.G7-OVA cells injected into the anterior chamber of the eye. Fifteen days later, the animals were euthanized and tumor-bearing eyes were removed.
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Project description:The cytokine IFNγ differentially impacts on tumors upon immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Despite our understanding of downstream signaling events, less is known about 36 regulation of its receptor (IFNγ-R1). With an unbiased genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen for critical regulators of IFNγ-R1 cell surface abundance, we identified STUB1 as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for IFNγ-R1 in complex with its signal-relaying kinase JAK1. STUB1 mediates ubiquitination-dependent proteasomal degradation of IFNγ-R1/JAK1 complex through IFNγ-R1K285 and JAK1K249. Conversely, STUB1 inactivation amplifies IFNγ signaling, sensitizing tumor cells to cytotoxic T cells in vitro. This was corroborated by an anticorrelation between STUB1 expression and IFNγ response in ICB-treated patients. Consistent with the context-dependent effects of IFNγ in vivo, anti-PD-1 response was increased in heterogenous tumors comprising both wildtype and STUB1-deficient cells but not full STUB1 knockout tumors. These results uncover STUB1 as a critical regulator of IFNγ-R1, and highlight the context-dependency of STUB1-regulated IFNγ signaling for ICB outcome.
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