TCR sequencing analysis of islets from NOD mice on hydrolyzed casein and hydrolyzed casein + 4% gluten diets
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PROVIDER: PRJNA903168 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Protein source in diet greatly influences the incidence of type-1 diabetes (T1D) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse colonies. NOD mice fed a diet containing hydrolyzed casein (HC) as the sole protein source are protected from T1D. Replacing 1/5th of the HC with gluten restores high T1D to NOD mice. We hypothesized that gluten might promote inflammation in the islets. We used TCR sequencing to characterize the clonal frequency of infiltrating T cells from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans of NOD mice fed a 20% HC diet or a 16% HC + 4% gluten diet.
2023-01-04 | GSE218336 | GEO
Project description:Protein source in diet greatly influences the incidence of type-1 diabetes (T1D) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse colonies. NOD mice fed a diet containing hydrolyzed casein (HC) as the sole protein source are protected from T1D. Replacing 1/5th of the HC with gluten restores high T1D to NOD mice. We hypothesized that gluten might promote inflammation in the islets. We used single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to characterize and contrast the transcriptional profiles of endocrine cells and islet infiltrating leukocytes from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans of NOD mice fed a 20% HC diet or a 16% HC + 4% gluten diet.
2023-01-04 | GSE217493 | GEO
Project description:Protein source in diet greatly influences the incidence of type-1 diabetes (T1D) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse colonies. NOD mice fed a diet containing hydrolyzed casein (HC) as the sole protein source are protected from T1D. Exposure to HC also reduced beta-cell insulin secretion during glucose challenge suggesting that beneficial changes to beta-cell physiology might protect NOD mice from T1D. We used single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to contrast the transcriptional profiles of beta-cells and from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans of NOD mice with the scid mutation (scid mice were used to avoid confouding influence of infiltrating leukocytes) fed a 20% HC diet or a standard chow diet.
2023-01-04 | GSE217495 | GEO
Project description:Single cell RNA-sequencing analysis of islets from NOD.SCID mice on chow and hydrolyzed casein diets
| PRJNA899109 | ENA
Project description:Gluten, a group of proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye, is the trigger of celiac disease, an immune disorder which affects about 1% of people worldwide. The toxicity of partially hydrolyzed gluten (PHG) in fermented products such as beer is unknown due to the significant analytical challenges in PHG detection. In this project, an N-terminal labeling mass spectrometry method, terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS), was optimized for the in-depth analysis of PHG and validated using a test protease (trypsin) with known cleavage specificities. Gluten N-termini in test and control groups were labeled with heavy and light formaldehyde, respectively. Trypsin-generated and native N-termini were confirmed by showing an MS1 peak area Log2 H:L with and without a significant difference (p < 0.01) from zero, respectively. Using the strategy, all abundant theoretical protease generated peptides in alpha/beta gliadins and gamma gliadins were identified. The validation indicated that the strategy can identify multiple protease cleavage sites in gluten and be used in subsequent analysis of yeast cleavage patterns in beer throughout brewing. This strategy can be further applied to characterize a broader partially hydrolyzed allergens in foods and provide reference for their safety assessment to both industry and regulatory authorities.
2019-11-20 | PXD012296 | Pride
Project description:Gluten-containing grains cause adverse health effects in individuals with celiac disease. Fermentation of these grains results in gluten-derived polypeptides with largely uncharacterized sizes and sequences, which may still trigger an immune response. This research used N-terminal labeling mass spectrometry to characterize protein hydrolysates during each stage of bench-scale brewing, including malting, mashing, boiling, fermentation, and aging. Gluten hydrolysates from each brewing step were tracked and the immunotoxic potential was evaluated in silico. The results indicate that proteolysis and precipitation of gliadins occurring during brewing differ by protein region and brewing stage. The termini of gliadins were hydrolyzed throughout the entire brewing process, but the central regions remained relatively stable. Most hydrolysis occurred during malting, and most precipitation occurred during boiling. The addition of yeast yielded new cleavage sites but did not result in complete hydrolysis. Consistent detection of peptides within the clinically important regions of gliadin corroborated the hydrolytic resistance of this region. N-terminal labeling mass spectrometry served as a novel approach to track the fate of gliadin/gluten throughout bench-scale brewing. Consistently identified fragments could serve as improved targets for detection of hydrolyzed gluten in fermented products.
2021-07-23 | PXD023482 | Pride
Project description:BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that peptides from gluten and casein may have a role in the origins of autism and that the physiology and psychology of autism might be explained by excessive opioid activity linked to these peptides. Research has reported abnormal levels of peptides in the urine and cerebrospinal fluid of people with autism. OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy of gluten and/or casein free diets as an intervention to improve behaviour, cognitive and social functioning in individuals with autism. SEARCH STRATEGY:The following electronic databases were searched: CENTRAL(The Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2007), MEDLINE (1966 to April 2007), PsycINFO (1971 to April 2007), EMBASE (1974 to April 2007), CINAHL (1982 to April 2007), ERIC (1965 to 2007), LILACS (1982 to April 2007), and the National Research register 2007 (Issue1). Review bibliographies were also examined to identify potential trials. SELECTION CRITERIA:All randomised controlled trials (RCT) involving programmes which eliminated gluten, casein or both gluten and casein from the diets of individuals diagnosed with an autistic spectrum disorder. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:Abstracts of studies identified in searches of electronic databases were assessed to determine inclusion by two independent authors The included trials did not share common outcome measures and therefore no meta-analysis was possible. Data are presented in narrative form. MAIN RESULTS:Two small RCTs were identified (n = 35). No meta-analysis was possible. There were only three significant treatment effects in favour of the diet intervention: overall autistic traits, mean difference (MD) = -5.60 (95% CI -9.02 to -2.18), z = 3.21, p=0.001 (Knivsberg 2002) ; social isolation, MD = -3.20 (95% CI -5.20 to 1.20), z = 3.14, p = 0.002) and overall ability to communicate and interact, MD = 1.70 (95% CI 0.50 to 2.90), z = 2.77, p = 0.006) (Knivsberg 2003). In addition three outcomes showed no significant difference between the treatment and control group and we were unable to calculate mean differences for ten outcomes because the data were skewed. No outcomes were reported for disbenefits including harms. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:Research has shown of high rates of use of complementary and alternative therapies (CAM) for children with autism including gluten and/or casein exclusion diets. Current evidence for efficacy of these diets is poor. Large scale, good quality randomised controlled trials are needed.
| S-EPMC4164915 | biostudies-literature
Project description:NOD-Idd22 mice are congenic mice of NOD background with a piece of chromosome 8 being substituted with ALR genetic material. These mice are resistant to spontaneous autoimmune diabetes as well as chemically induced in vivo islet beta cell destructions. The goal of this project is to come pare gene expressions in islets between NOD-Idd22 and NOD mice. NOD-Rag1 was used instead of NOD to avoid lymphocyte infiltrtation in isltes.
2022-06-27 | GSE206705 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundIt has been suggested that peptides from gluten and casein may have a role in the origins of autism and that the physiology and psychology of autism might be explained by excessive opioid activity linked to these peptides. Research has reported abnormal levels of peptides in the urine and cerebrospinal fluid of people with autism.ObjectivesTo determine the efficacy of gluten and/or casein free diets as an intervention to improve behaviour, cognitive and social functioning in individuals with autism.Search methodsThe following electronic databases were searched: CENTRAL(The Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2007), MEDLINE (1966 to April 2007), PsycINFO (1971 to April 2007), EMBASE (1974 to April 2007), CINAHL (1982 to April 2007), ERIC (1965 to 2007), LILACS (1982 to April 2007), and the National Research register 2007 (Issue1). Review bibliographies were also examined to identify potential trials.Selection criteriaAll randomised controlled trials (RCT) involving programmes which eliminated gluten, casein or both gluten and casein from the diets of individuals diagnosed with an autistic spectrum disorder.Data collection and analysisAbstracts of studies identified in searches of electronic databases were assessed to determine inclusion by two independent authors The included trials did not share common outcome measures and therefore no meta-analysis was possible. Data are presented in narrative form.Main resultsTwo small RCTs were identified (n = 35). No meta-analysis was possible. There were only three significant treatment effects in favour of the diet intervention: overall autistic traits, mean difference (MD) = -5.60 (95% CI -9.02 to -2.18), z = 3.21, p=0.001 (Knivsberg 2002) ; social isolation, MD = -3.20 (95% CI -5.20 to 1.20), z = 3.14, p = 0.002) and overall ability to communicate and interact, MD = 1.70 (95% CI 0.50 to 2.90), z = 2.77, p = 0.006) (Knivsberg 2003). In addition three outcomes showed no significant difference between the treatment and control group and we were unable to calculate mean differences for ten outcomes because the data were skewed. No outcomes were reported for disbenefits including harms.Authors' conclusionsResearch has shown of high rates of use of complementary and alternative therapies (CAM) for children with autism including gluten and/or casein exclusion diets. Current evidence for efficacy of these diets is poor. Large scale, good quality randomised controlled trials are needed.
| S-EPMC6445047 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Here is reported the first study of transcriptome analyses using the Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform for three kinds of wheat (G represents Strong gluten wheat, Z represents middle gluten wheat,R represents weak gluten wheat). The variation of wheat varieties with different gluten content is mainly shown in the content of gluten, flour is divided into high gluten powder ( > 30%), medium gluten powder (26%-30%) and low gluten powder ( < 20%), according to the wet gluten content. In total, over 102.6 Gb clean reads were produced and 114, 621 unigenes were assembled; more than 59,085 unigenes had at least one significant match to an existing gene model. Differentially expressed gene analysis identified 2339 and 2600 unigenes which were expressed higher or lower among strong gluten, middle gluten and weak gluten wheat. After functional annotation and classification, three dominant pathways including protein isomerase, antioxidase activity and energy metabolism, and 410 unigenes related to gluten strength polymerization of wheat were discovered. In strong-gluten wheat, low molecular weight subunit content is higher than weak-gluten wheat, and the activity of cysteine synthase and isomerase is increased, which may promote the cross-linking of low molecular weight protein to high molecular weight protein. Meanwhile, POD enzyme strengthens gluten network and CAT enzyme affects gluten polymerization, along with higher ATPase activity, which will provides energy for protein polymerization reaction in comparison of strong-gluten wheat and weak-gluten wheat. The accuracy of these RNA-seq data was validated by qRT-PCR analysis. These data will extend our knowledge of quality characteristics of wheat and provide a theoretical foundation for molecular mechanism research of wheat.
2020-09-03 | GSE122699 | GEO