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Virological characterization of the 2022 outbreak-causing monkeypox virus using human keratinocytes and colon organoids

ABSTRACT: Virological characterization of the 2022 outbreak-causing monkeypox virus using human keratinocytes and colon organoids

PROVIDER: PRJNA906618 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR22450503.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR22450504.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR22450505.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR22450506.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR22450507.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Virological characterization of the 2022 outbreak-causing monkeypox virus using human keratinocytes and colon organoids

Project description:The outbreak-causing monkeypox virus of 2022 (2022 MPXV) is classified as a clade IIb strain and phylogenetically distinct from prior endemic MPXV strains (clades I or IIa), suggesting that its virological properties may also differ. Here, we used human keratinocytes and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived colon organoids to examine the efficiency of viral growth in these cells and the MPXV infection-mediated host responses. MPXV replication was much more productive in keratinocytes than in colon organoids. We observed that MPXV infections, regardless of strain, caused cellular dysfunction and mitochondrial damage in keratinocytes. Notably, a significant increase in the expression of hypoxia-related genes was observed specifically in 2022 MPXV-infected keratinocytes. Our comparison of virological features between 2022 MPXV and prior endemic MPXV strains revealed signaling pathways potentially involved with the cellular damages caused by MPXV infections and highlights host vulnerabilities that could be utilized as protective therapeutic strategies against human mpox in the future.

2023-06-06 | GSE219036 | GEO

Monkeypox Outbreak Sweden 2022

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Monkeypox Outbreak 2022 Spain ISCIII

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Second draft genome from Spain of the Monkeypox virus 2022 outbreak

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Polyvalent mRNA vaccination elicited potent immune response to monkeypox surface antigens

Project description:The soaring global monkeypox cases lead to a surge in demand for monkeypox vaccine, which far exceeds the supply. mRNA vaccine has achieved great success in prevention of coronavirus disease and holds promise against diverse pathogens. In this study, we generate a polyvalent lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mRNA vaccine candidate for monkeypox virus (MPXV) and evaluate its immunogenicity in animal models. This polyvalent MPXV mRNA vaccine candidate, MPXVac-097, encodes five 2022 MPXV targets that are important surface antigens. Three-dose (prime-boost-booster) MPXVac-097 vaccination elicits strong antibody response to A35R and E8L antigens, moderate response to M1R, but not B6R or A29, highlighting the differences in immunogenicity. Bulk T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing reveals preferential usage of VJ combinations and clonal expansion of peripheral T cells after MPXVac-097 vaccination. These data demonstrate initial feasibility of developing MPXV mRNA vaccine and pave the way for its future optimization.

2023-02-13 | GSE225183 | GEO

Monkeypox virus strain:hMpxV/Egypt/MOH-NRC-0002/2022

Project description:Monkeypox virus strain:hMpxV/Egypt/MOH-NRC-0002/2022 Genome sequencing

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Monkeypox Virus Evolution before 2022 Outbreak.

Project description:Phylogenetic analysis of monkeypox virus genomes showed statistically significant divergence and nascent subclades during the 2022 mpox outbreak. Frequency of G>A/C>T transitions has increased in recent years, probably resulting from apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide 3G (APOBEC3) deaminase editing. This microevolutionary pattern most likely reflects community spread of the virus and adaptation to humans.

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Epidemiological, Clinical, and Virological Investigation of the First Four Cases of Monkeypox in Cartagena during the 2022 Outbreak.

Project description:Since early May 2022, numerous cases of Monkeypox (Mpox) have been reported globally in non-endemic areas. However, despite numerous reports worldwide, the epidemiological and genomic information related to the 2022 multi-country outbreak remains scarce in South America. By late June 2022, the first Mpox cases were detected in Colombia. Cartagena is a Colombian Caribbean city with high domestic and international connectivity, and, therefore, is vulnerable to the introduction of the Monkeypox virus (MPXV). This report provides an in-depth description of the epidemiological, clinical, and virological characteristics of the first four cases detected in Cartagena including three cases with no history of recent travel and one imported case. Using various laboratory tools based on PCR, next-generation sequencing, and viral isolation and quantification methods, the MPXV clade IIB was detected and isolated. Importantly, infectious viral particles were identified in lesion swabs collected from all cases and in oropharyngeal swabs collected from two cases. Blood samples tested negative using PCR and isolation. In summary, our work contributes complete genomic, clinical, and epidemiological information that will be useful for a number of studies going forward, and it also documents local information that contributes to our understanding of Mpox at the local level.

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Project description:Orthopox viruses, including monkeypox, multiply intracellularly and induce numerous changes in host genes expression. The virus target mainly humoral host response, and simultaneously, exploits other genes and functions to reproduce effectively. The goal of this experiment is to identify those host genes and functions that are essential for monkeypox virus replication. Mock infected control cells were treated and incubated identically to time point arms, except for virus exposure. Two time points of cells infected with monkeypox virus were harvested at 3, 7 hours post infection, and gene expression was assessed using microarray in all arms. The experiment was done in triplicate.

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