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The dogs of Chernobyl: demographic insights into populations inhabiting the nuclear exclusion zone

ABSTRACT: The dogs of Chernobyl: demographic insights into populations inhabiting the nuclear exclusion zone

PROVIDER: PRJNA907015 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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The dogs of Chernobyl: demographic insights into populations inhabiting the nuclear exclusion zone

Project description:The 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster initiated a series of catastrophic events resulting in long-term and widespread environmental contamination. We characterize the genetic structure of 302 dogs representing three free-roaming dog populations living within the power plant itself, or 15-45 km from the disaster site. Genome-wide profiles from Chernobyl, purebred, and free-breeding dogs world-wide reveal that the individuals from the power plant and Chernobyl City are genetically distinct, with the former displaying increased intrapopulation genetic similarity and differentiation. Analysis of shared ancestral genome segments highlights differences in the extent and timing of western breed introgression. Kinship analysis reveals 15 families, with the largest spanning all collection sites within the radioactive exclusion zone, reflecting migration of dogs between the power plant and Chernobyl City. This study presents the first characterization of a domestic species in Chernobyl, establishing their relevance for genetic studies into the effects of exposure to long-term, low-dose ionizing radiation.

2022-12-14 | GSE219090 | GEO

The dogs of Chernobyl: Demographic insights into populations inhabiting the nuclear exclusion zone.

Project description:The 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster initiated a series of catastrophic events resulting in long-term and widespread environmental contamination. We characterize the genetic structure of 302 dogs representing three free-roaming dog populations living within the power plant itself, as well as those 15 to 45 kilometers from the disaster site. Genome-wide profiles from Chernobyl, purebred and free-breeding dogs, worldwide reveal that the individuals from the power plant and Chernobyl City are genetically distinct, with the former displaying increased intrapopulation genetic similarity and differentiation. Analysis of shared ancestral genome segments highlights differences in the extent and timing of western breed introgression. Kinship analysis reveals 15 families, with the largest spanning all collection sites within the radioactive exclusion zone, reflecting migration of dogs between the power plant and Chernobyl City. This study presents the first characterization of a domestic species in Chernobyl, establishing their importance for genetic studies into the effects of exposure to long-term, low-dose ionizing radiation.

| S-EPMC9984172 | biostudies-literature

Population transcriptogenomics highlights impaired metabolism and small population sizes in tree frogs living in the Chernobyl Exclusion zone

Project description:Functional modifications shape the ability of populations to cope with anthropogenic environmental changes. These modifications are mediated by complex interactions between transmitted and non-transmitted changes which limit their prediction. To study how these changes are intertwined with evolutionary processes in a case of persistent anthropogenic environmental change, we characterized population structure, genetic diversity and individual response on gene expression of the tree frog Hyla orientalis along a gradient of radioactive contamination around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. We detected lower effective population size in populations most exposed to ionizing radiation that is not compensated by migrations from surrounding areas. We also highlight a decreased body condition of frogs living in the most contaminated area, a peculiar transcriptomics signature and stop-gained mutations in genes involved in energy metabolism. Population most exposed to ionizing radiation in the Chernobyl exclusion zone experience both genetic drift and functional changes that collectively point towards deleterious effects of ionizing radiation on tree frogs and potential difficulty to adapt to this novel environment.

2023-06-15 | GSE211060 | GEO

The soil microbiome from the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone across radiation, soil quality and wildfire gradients

Project description:The Chernobyl Exclusion Zone soil microbiome across radiation, soil quality and wildfire burn gradients

| PRJEB50900 | ENA

Population transcriptogenomics highlights impaired metabolism and small population sizes in tree frogs living in the Chernobyl Exclusion zone

Project description:Population transcriptogenomics highlights impaired metabolism and small population sizes in tree frogs living in the Chernobyl Exclusion zone

| PRJNA868750 | ENA

Rickettsia raoultii in Dermacentor reticulatus Ticks, Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, Ukraine, 2010.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC5189152 | biostudies-literature

Molecular Detection of Bartonella spp. in Rodents in Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, Ukraine.

Project description:PurposeBacteria of the genus Bartonella are obligate parasites of vertebrates. Their distribution range covers almost the entire world, from the Americas to Europe and Asia. Many Bartonella species use rodents as reservoirs, and while much is known about Bartonella infection of rodents in central Europe, its extent is poorly understood in Eastern Europe.MethodsThe present study examines five rodent species (Apodemus flavicollis, Myodes glareolus, Microtus arvalis, Apodemus agrarius, Apodemus sylvaticus) in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in Ukraine. Total of 36 small mammals were captured in September 2017.ResultsThe overall prevalence of Bartonella spp. was 38.9% (14/36) in rodents. Obtained four sequences from Apodemus flavicollis, were identical to Bartonella grahamii and B. taylorii.ConclusionThis is the first report to confirm the presence of Bartonella spp. in rodents in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, Ukraine by molecular methods. The sequences show similarity to Bartonella strains occurring in Europe.

| S-EPMC7985104 | biostudies-literature

Sporadic and Post-Chernobyl Papillary Thyroid Cancers

Project description:We compared the expression profiles of papillary thyroid tumors from the Chernobyl Tissues Bank (CTB) with tumors from French patients with no history of exposure to radiations. Keywords: papillary thyroid cancer vs. patient-matched healthy adjacent thyroid

2007-07-12 | GSE3950 | GEO

Dose reconstruction supports the interpretation of decreased abundance of mammals in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone.

Project description:We re-analyzed field data concerning potential effects of ionizing radiation on the abundance of mammals collected in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) to interpret these findings from current knowledge of radiological dose-response relationships, here mammal response in terms of abundance. In line with recent work at Fukushima, and exploiting a census conducted in February 2009 in the CEZ, we reconstructed the radiological dose for 12 species of mammals observed at 161 sites. We used this new information rather than the measured ambient dose rate (from 0.0146 to 225 µGy h-1) to statistically analyze the variation in abundance for all observed species as established from tracks in the snow in previous field studies. All available knowledge related to relevant confounding factors was considered in this re-analysis. This more realistic approach led us to establish a correlation between changes in mammal abundance with both the time elapsed since the last snowfall and the dose rate to which they were exposed. This relationship was also observed when distinguishing prey from predators. The dose rates resulting from our re-analysis are in agreement with exposure levels reported in the literature as likely to induce physiological disorders in mammals that could explain the decrease in their abundance in the CEZ. Our results contribute to informing the Weight of Evidence approach to demonstrate effects on wildlife resulting from its field exposure to ionizing radiation.

| S-EPMC7442794 | biostudies-literature

Sporadic vs. Post-Chernobyl Papillary vs. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancers

Project description:We profiled the gene expression of anaplastic thyroid cancers of Belgian patients. We compared these with the expression profile of a cohort of papillary thyroid tumors both from the Chernobyl Tissues Bank (CTB) and French patients with no history of exposure to radiations, along with their patient-matched healthy adjacent thyroid.

2012-06-01 | GSE29265 | GEO

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