Project description:Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a membrane protein known to modulate cell-cell adhesion, is also a signaling molecule internalized into the nucleus for transcriptional regulation. Here we demonstrate that activated EGF/EGFR is a signaling factor to drive the proteolysis of EpCAM. Cleavage of the extracellular fragment EpEX results in topographic fading of cell-surface EpCAM detected by antibody-conjugated cantilevers of atomic force microscope (AFM). As a result, internalization of the cytoplasmic domain EpICD forms a transcription factor complex with LEF1 that regulates gene transcription for enhanced cell-mobility functions. Comprehensive probing of cell surface using AFM tip (without antibody) reveals increased elasticity and non-stickiness of these cells, promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition. While EpCAM cleavage may contribute to the loss of cell-surface adhesiveness, its internalized EpICD additionally regulates targets for promoting cell migration. Thus, this EGF/EGFR-modulated action on structural EpCAM and regulatory EpICD can enhance invasion potential of transformed cells. RL95-2 were stimulated with EGF for 0,12,24,and 48 hr.Immunoprecipitation was carried out using antibodies against EpCAM and Lef-1, sequenced by Illumina HiSeq 2000
Project description:N4-methylcytosine is a major DNA modification integral to restriction-modification (R-M) systems in bacterial genomes. Here we describe 4mC-Tet-Assisted Bisulfite-sequencing (4mC-TAB-seq), a method that accurately and rapidly reveals the genome-wide locations of N4-methylcytosines at single-base resolution. By coupling Tet-mediated oxidation with a modified sodium bisulfite conversion reaction, unmodified cytosines and 5-methylcytosines are read out as thymines, whereas N4-methylcytosines are read out as cytosines revealing their positions throughout the genome. 4mC-TAB-seq
Project description:The cellular function of RNA is intimately linked to its structure. The 3D structure of RNA is intricate and compact, and is often complexed with other macromolecules for regulatory interaction. These interactions frequently lead to occluded environments that block structure probing by current reagents. Our RNA infrastructure profiling method (RISP) quantitatively compares standard acylation probes to new small-sized probes, and reveals ca. 80% more structural data for intracellular RNAs underlying protein contacts. Comparative analysis also reveals information about close contacts in ribonucleoprotein complexes such as small nuclear RNAs in the spliceosome. In addition, RISP analysis with small agent AcIm reveals pronounced signals for m6A methylation sites of RNAs in their native cellular setting, even in crowded environments.
Project description:Many lncRNAs have been discovered using transcriptomic data, however, it is unclear what fraction of lncRNAs is functional and what structural properties affect their phenotype. MUNC lncRNA (also known as DRReRNA) acts as an enhancer RNA for the Myod1 gene in cis and stimulates the expression of other promyogenic genes in trans by recruiting the cohesin complex. Here, experimental probing of the RNA structure revealed that MUNC contains multiple structural domains not detected by prediction algorithms in the absence of experimental information. We show that these specific and structurally distinct domains are required for induction of promyogenic genes, for binding genomic sites and gene expression regulation, and for binding the cohesin complex. Myod1 induction and cohesin interaction comprise only a subset of MUNC phenotype. Our study reveals unexpectedly complex, structure-driven functions for the MUNC lncRNA and emphasizes the importance of experimentally determined structures for understanding structure-function relationships in lncRNAs.
Project description:Here we utilized large-scale systematic probing and screening of ~2000 sequence and structural variants based on two long, perfect RNA hairpins to explore the structure and sequence context determining editability.
Project description:We report scM&T-seq, a method for parallel single-cell genome-wide methylome and transcriptome sequencing, allowing discovery of associations between transcriptional and epigenetic variation. Profiling of 61 mouse embryonic stem cells confirmed known links between DNA methylation and transcription. Notably, the method reveals novel associations between heterogeneous methylation of distal regulatory elements and transcriptional heterogeneity of key pluripotency genes. E14 ES cells were grown in either serum/LIF or 2i culture conditions and separated into single cells. RNA-Seq or Bisulfite-Seq libraries were prepared. This Series includes only the Bisulfite-Seq data. The list of 61 samples that passed QC in both BS-seq and RNA-seq is included in "Supplementary Table 1" of the associated manuscript.
Project description:Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive type of brain cancer. Little is known about the complex relationship between genomic and epigenomic as tumour progresses. We present the following base resolution whole genome maps of matched tumour/margin and blood samples from a glioblastoma multiforme patient:<br>* Single nucleotide variations (SNVs), copy number variations (CNVs) and structural variations (SVs) as revealed by DNA sequencing. </br> <br>* 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels obtained using (oxidative)bisulfite sequencing. </br> <br>* Transcript levels produced using RNA sequencing.</br> <br>For the three samples with very large bam raw data files ('Blood DNA-seq', 'Margin DNA-seq' and 'Tumour DNA-seq'), bai index files are available from https://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/files/E-MTAB-5171/E-MTAB-5171.additional.1.zip