Project description:Numerous studies have shown that resistance to oxidative stress is crucial to stay healthy and to reduce the adverse effects of aging. Accordingly, nutritional interventions using antioxidant food-grade compounds or food products are currently an interesting option to help improve health and quality of life in the elderly. Live lactic acid bacteria (LAB) administered in food, such as probiotics, may be good antioxidant candidates. Nevertheless, information about LAB-induced oxidative stress protection is scarce. To identify and characterize new potential antioxidant probiotic strains, we have developed a new functional screening method using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as host. C. elegans were fed on different LAB strains (78 in total) and nematode viability was assessed after oxidative stress (3mM and 5mM H2O2). One strain, identified as Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-3690, protected worms by increasing their viability by 30% and, also, increased average worm lifespan by 20%. We performed a transcriptomic analysis of C. elegans fed with this strain and showed that increased lifespan is correlated with differential expression of the DAF-16/insulin-like pathway, which is highly conserved in humans. Gene expression in C. elegans wild-type strain (N2) was analyzed in worm populations fed with E. coli OP50 (control condition) or the corresponding LAB (Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-3690 or Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4317) . Three days and ten days feeding period was analyzed.
Project description:<p>Synbiotics may modulate gut microbiota and prevent infections. In a randomized controlled trial (NCT01625273) infants weaned from breast milk were fed formula with prebiotics (fructo- and galactooligosaccharides) or the same prebiotic formula with <em>Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei</em> strain F19 (synbiotics) from 1 until 6 months of age. The objective was to examine synbiotic effects on gut microbiota maturation. Fecal samples collected at ages 1, 4, 6 and 12 months (324 samples for microbial and 197 samples for metabolic characterization) were analyzed. We demonstrate enrichment of Bifidobacterium and increases in antimicrobial metabolites derived from microbial fermentation of phenylalanine and pectins in the synbiotic group. The gut microbiota of infants with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) were depleted of Lactobacillales but enriched in Klebsiella species and associated antimicrobial resistance genes. These compositional and functional changes of the gut microbiota may be linked to the previously reported reduction of LRTI in the synbiotic group.</p>
Project description:With our experiments we have shown LP(Lactobacillus plantarum) mediated modification of immunogenic bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) to acquire tolerogenic phenotype, to unravel the molecular mechanism of LP mediated immunomodulation we performed global transcriptomic Gut of old mice was reconstituted with LP, and RNA was extracted from LPS stimulated BMDCs from young, young treated with antibiotic cocktail, old and old-LP groups for gene array profiling by Agilent GeneChips.
Project description:we have performed transcriptomic analysis of colonic samples of mice challenged with DNBS twice in a chronic model of inflammation and treated with CNCM -I3690 strain and several mutants and variants generated from it. colonic transcriptome analysis at the endpoint revealed that CNCM I 3690 enhances the expression of genes related to healthy gut permeability, motility (Ghrelin (GHR)), and absorption (guanylate cyclase activator 2B (Guca 2b)); cell proliferation (amino acid transporter SLC7A7); and protective functions (endogenous protease inhibitor kazal-type4). Focusing on inflammation, both GHR and Guca 2B have been found to act as anti-inflammatory, protecting the gut against a wide range of threats. Besides, CNCM I-3690 also up regulated TRAF-interaction protein with a forkhead-associated domain (TIFA), an important signaling adaptor in the NF-κβ pathway.
Project description:In this study we performed MeRIP-Seq to study N6-methyl adenosine (m6A) and and N6,2′ -O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) modification of mRNA. We investigated the effect of the microbiota on the transcriptome and epitranscriptomic modifications in murine liver and cecum. We compared m6A/m modification profiles in cecum of conventionally raised (CONV) and germ-free (GF) mice. We additionally included GF mice colonised with the flora of CONV mice for four weeks (ex-GF), for which show that they exhibit similar patterns of the most abundant genera of gut bacteria as CONV mice. We added mice treated with several antibiotics to deplete the gut flora (abx)and vancomycin treated mice in which the genera Akkermansia, Escherichia/Shigella and Lactobacillus were enriched. Furthermore, we included GF mice colonised with the commensal bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila (Am), Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) and Escherichia coli Nissle (Ec) and analysed their m6A/m modification profiles. In addition, we analysed changes in m6A/m- modified liver RNA for CONV, GF, and Am, Lp and Ec mice.
Project description:The intestinal microbiota modulates host physiology and gene expression via mechanisms that are not fully understood. A recently discovered layer of gene expression regulation is N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N6,2′ -O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) modifications of mRNA. To unveil if these epitranscriptomic marks are affected by the gut microbiota, we performed methylated RNA-immunoprecipitation and sequencing (MeRIP-seq) to examine m6A-modifications in transcripts of mice displaying either a conventional, or a modified, or no gut microbiota and discovered that the microbiota has a strong influence on m6A- modifications in the cecum, and also, albeit to a lesser extent, in the liver, affecting pathways related to metabolism, inflammatory and antimicrobial responses . We furthermore analysed expression levels of several known writer and eraser enzymes and found the methyltransferase Mettl16 to be downregulated in absence of a microbiota. As a consequence, one of its targets, the S-adenosyl methionine synthase Mat2a was less expressed in mice without gut flora. We furthermore show that distinct commensal bacteria, Akkermansia muciniphila, Lactobacillus plantarum can affect specific m6A modifications. Together, we report here epitranscriptomic modifications as an additional level of interaction in the complex interplay between commensal bacteria and their host.