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Spatiotemporal resolution of germinal center Tfh cell differentiation and divergence from central memory CD4+ T cell fate

ABSTRACT: Spatiotemporal resolution of germinal center Tfh cell differentiation and divergence from central memory CD4+ T cell fate

PROVIDER: PRJNA947561 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Spatiotemporal resolution of germinal center Tfh cell differentiation and divergence from central memory CD4+ T cell fate

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Spatiotemporal resolution of germinal center Tfh cell differentiation and divergence from central memory CD4+ T cell fate

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Expression Data from in vivo Tfh vs GC Tfh vs non-Tfh

Project description:CD4 T cell help is critical for both the generation and maintenance of germinal centers, and T follicular helper (TFH) cells are the CD4 T cell subset required for this process. SAP (SH2D1A) expression in CD4 T cells is essential for germinal center development. However, SAP-deficient mice have only a moderate defect in TFH differentiation as defined by common TFH surface markers. CXCR5+ TFH cells are found within the germinal center as well as along the boundary regions of T/B cell zones. Here we show that germinal center associated T cells (GC TFH) can be identified by their co-expression of CXCR5 and the GL7 epitope, allowing for phenotypic and functional analysis of TFH and GC TFH populations. Here we show GC TFH are a functionally discrete subset of further polarized TFH cells, with enhanced B cell help capacity and a specialized ability to produce IL-4 in a TH2-independent manner. Strikingly, SAP-deficient mice have an absence of the GC TFH subset and SAP- TFH are defective in IL-4 and IL-21 production. We further demonstrate that SLAM (Slamf1, CD150), a surface receptor that utilizes SAP signaling, is specifically required for IL-4 production by GC TFH. GC TFH cells require IL-4 and IL-21 production for optimal help to B cells. These data illustrate complexities of SAP-dependent SLAM family receptor signaling, revealing a prominent role for SLAM receptor ligation in IL-4 production by germinal center CD4 T cells but not in TFH and GC TFH differentiation. Analysis of in vivo polyclonal GC Tfh vs Tfh vs Non-Tfh eight days after LCMV viral infection. Analysis of in vivo follicular helper CD4 T cells (CXCR5high GL7low), versus germinal center follicular helper CD4 T cells (CXCR5hi GL7hi), versus non-follicular helper CD4 T cells (CXCR5low) eight days after viral infection.

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A follicular regulatory innate lymphoid cell population impairs interactions between germinal center Tfh and B cells

Project description:Here we show a newly identified human Innate Lymphoid Cell population present in the follicles of tonsils and lymph nodes termed follicular regulatory ILCs (ILCFR). ILCFR have a distinct phenotype and transcriptional program when compared to other defined ILCs. Surprisingly, ILCFR inhibit the ability of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells to provide B cell help. The localization of ILCFR to the germinal centers suggests these cells may interfere with germinal center B cell (GC-B) and germinal center Tfh cell (GC-Tfh) interactions through the production of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b). Intriguingly, under conditions of impaired GC-Tfh-GC-B cell interactions, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the frequency of these cells is increased. Overall, we predict a role for ILCFR in regulating GC-Tfh-GC-B cell interactions and propose they expand in chronic inflammatory conditions.

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Spatiotemporal resolution of germinal center Tfh cell differentiation and divergence from central memory CD4+ T cell fate

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2023-05-09 | GSE174104 | GEO

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