Bos taurus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA94781 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:We tested the hypothesis that cholinergic stimulation (via treatment with carbachol) and cyclic stretch regulate inflammatory gene expression in intact airway smooth muscle by measuring mRNA expression in bovine tracheal smooth muscle. Keywords: response to stress and drug
2006-02-23 | GSE4287 | GEO
Project description:The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of cyclic stretch-relaxation ("stretch") on gene expression patterns in normal diploid human bladder smooth muscle cells. Cells plated on silicone elastomer bottomed 6-well culture dishes were grown to ~80% confluence, serum-depleted for 48h and subjected to cyclic stretch-relaxation at 20% elongation for 4h. Cells seeded in stretch plates but not subjected to stretch served as controls. Total RNA was extracted from both groups of cells, reverse-transcribed, biotin-labeled, fragmented and hybridized to HG-U133A. Four biological replicates were generated for each treatment group (non-stretched or stretched). Keywords = bladder Keywords = smooth muscle cells Keywords = cyclic stretch-relaxation Keywords: other
2004-11-04 | GSE1595 | GEO
Project description:The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of cyclic stretch-relaxation ("stretch") on gene expression patterns in normal diploid human bladder smooth muscle cells. Cells plated on silicone elastomer bottomed 6-well culture dishes were grown to ~80% confluence, serum-depleted for 48h and subjected to cyclic stretch-relaxation at 20% elongation for 4h. Cells seeded in stretch plates but not subjected to stretch served as controls. Total RNA was extracted from both groups of cells, reverse-transcribed, biotin-labeled, fragmented and hybridized to HG-U133A. Four biological replicates were generated for each treatment group (non-stretched or stretched).
2007-08-04 | E-GEOD-1595 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Toll-like receptor (TLR) and peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) genes play key roles in the innate immune systems of mammals. While the TLRs recognize a variety of invading pathogens and induce innate immune responses, PGLYRP1 is directly microbicidal. We used custom allele-specific assays to genotype and validate 220 diallelic variants, including 54 nonsynonymous SNPs in 11 bovine innate immune genes (TLR1-TLR10, PGLYRP1) for 37 cattle breeds. Bayesian haplotype reconstructions and median joining networks revealed haplotype sharing between Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus breeds at every locus, and we were unable to differentiate between the specialized B. t. taurus beef and dairy breeds, despite an average polymorphism density of one locus per 219 bp. Ninety-nine tagSNPs and one tag insertion-deletion polymorphism were sufficient to predict 100% of the variation at all 11 innate immune loci in both subspecies and their hybrids, whereas 58 tagSNPs captured 100% of the variation at 172 loci in B. t. taurus. PolyPhen and SIFT analyses of nonsynonymous SNPs encoding amino acid replacements indicated that the majority of these substitutions were benign, but up to 31% were expected to potentially impact protein function. Several diversity-based tests provided support for strong purifying selection acting on TLR10 in B. t. taurus cattle. These results will broadly impact efforts related to bovine translational genomics.
| S-EPMC2806759 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWe present here the assembly of the bovine genome. The assembly method combines the BAC plus WGS local assembly used for the rat and sea urchin with the whole genome shotgun (WGS) only assembly used for many other animal genomes including the rhesus macaque.ResultsThe assembly process consisted of multiple phases: First, BACs were assembled with BAC generated sequence, then subsequently in combination with the individual overlapping WGS reads. Different assembly parameters were tested to separately optimize the performance for each BAC assembly of the BAC and WGS reads. In parallel, a second assembly was produced using only the WGS sequences and a global whole genome assembly method. The two assemblies were combined to create a more complete genome representation that retained the high quality BAC-based local assembly information, but with gaps between BACs filled in with the WGS-only assembly. Finally, the entire assembly was placed on chromosomes using the available map information.Over 90% of the assembly is now placed on chromosomes. The estimated genome size is 2.87 Gb which represents a high degree of completeness, with 95% of the available EST sequences found in assembled contigs. The quality of the assembly was evaluated by comparison to 73 finished BACs, where the draft assembly covers between 92.5 and 100% (average 98.5%) of the finished BACs. The assembly contigs and scaffolds align linearly to the finished BACs, suggesting that misassemblies are rare. Genotyping and genetic mapping of 17,482 SNPs revealed that more than 99.2% were correctly positioned within the Btau_4.0 assembly, confirming the accuracy of the assembly.ConclusionThe biological analysis of this bovine genome assembly is being published, and the sequence data is available to support future bovine research.
| S-EPMC2686734 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a catastrophic form of acute lung injury (ALI). The necessity for mechanical ventilation (MV) renders patients at risk for ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). Exposure to repetitive cyclic stretch (CS) and/or over-inflation exacerbates injury. Reducing tidal volume (VT) is the only therapeutic strategy shown to mitigate morbidity and mortality. Cyclic stretch has been shown to differentially regulate gene expression in part through the activation of mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Although these studies have shown both molecular and cellular alterations, no unifying hypothesis to explain MV-induced lung injury has emerged. In the current study, we hypothesized that coordinated expression of cyclic stretch (CS)-responsive genes relies on the presence of common CS-sensitive regulatory elements. To identify CS-responsive genes, we undertook a comparative examination of the gene expression profile of human bronchial epithelial airway (Beas-2B) cells in response to various injurious stimuli involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI)/Ventilator induced lung injury (VILI): cyclic stretch, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Experiment Overall Design: Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (Beas-B2) cells grown on silicon elastic plates coated with Type I collagen (Flexercell International, McKeesport, PA) were exposed to six regiments for 4 h: 1) control (static, [control]); 2) mechanical stretch (25 PKa, 30 cycles per min, [stretch]); 3) LPS (1 mcg/ml [LPS]); 4) TNF-α (20 ng/ml; [TNF]); 5) mechanical stretch plus LPS [LPS+S], and 6) mechanical stretch plus TNF-α [TNF+S]. Total RNA (duplicate experiments) was extracted using TRIZOL reagent (as per manufactures specifications) and purified using Qiagen mRNA purification Kit (as per manufacturers specifications). mRNA was hybridized to Affymetrix Human U133plus2.0 chips. Probe based analysis, background reduction, and quantile data normalization was performed in MeV 4.0 of TM4 using Robust Multi-array Average (RMA).
2009-09-15 | E-GEOD-16650 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a catastrophic form of acute lung injury (ALI). The necessity for mechanical ventilation (MV) renders patients at risk for ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). Exposure to repetitive cyclic stretch (CS) and/or over-inflation exacerbates injury. Reducing tidal volume (VT) is the only therapeutic strategy shown to mitigate morbidity and mortality. Cyclic stretch has been shown to differentially regulate gene expression in part through the activation of mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Although these studies have shown both molecular and cellular alterations, no unifying hypothesis to explain MV-induced lung injury has emerged. In the current study, we hypothesized that coordinated expression of cyclic stretch (CS)-responsive genes relies on the presence of common CS-sensitive regulatory elements. To identify CS-responsive genes, we undertook a comparative examination of the gene expression profile of human bronchial epithelial airway (Beas-2B) cells in response to various injurious stimuli involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI)/Ventilator induced lung injury (VILI): cyclic stretch, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
2009-08-31 | GSE16650 | GEO
Project description:Proteins are the major constituents of muscle and are key molecules regulating the metabolic changes during conversion of muscle to meat. Brazil is one of the largest exporters of beef and most Brazilian cattle are composed by zebu (Nellore) genotype. Bos indicus beef is generally leaner and tougher than Bos taurus such as Angus. The aim of this study was to compare the muscle proteomic and phosphoproteomic profile of Angus and Nellore. Seven animals of each breed previously subjected the same growth management were confined for 84 days. Proteins were extracted from Longissimus lumborum samples collected immediately after slaughter and separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Pro-Q Diamond stain was used in phosphoproteomics. Proteins identification was performed using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Tropomyosin alpha-1 chain, troponin-T, myosin light chain-1 fragment, cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase, alpha-enolase and 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein were more abundant in Nellore, while myosin light chain 3, prohibitin, mitochondrial stress-70 protein and heat shock 70 kDa protein 6 were more abundant in Angus (P<0.05). Nellore had higher phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain-2, alpha actin-1, triosephosphate isomerase and 14-3-3 protein epsilon. However, Angus had greater phosphorylation of phosphoglucomutase-1 and troponin-T (P<0.05). Therefore, proteins involved in contraction and muscle organization, myofilaments expressed in fast or slow-twitch fibers and heat shock proteins localized in mitochondria or sarcoplasmic reticulum and involved in cell flux of calcium and apoptosis might be associated with differences in beef quality between Angus and Nellore. Furthermore, prohibitin appears to be a potential biomarker of intramuscular fat in cattle. Additionally, differences in phosphorylation of myofilaments and glycolytic enzymes could be involved with differences in muscle contraction force, susceptibility to calpain, apoptosis and postmortem glycolysis, which might also be related to differences in beef quality among Angus and Nellore.
| S-EPMC5245812 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Genomics research has relied principally on the establishment and curation of a reference genome for the species. However, it is increasingly recognized that a single reference genome cannot fully describe the extent of genetic variation within many widely distributed species. Pangenome representations are based on high-quality genome assemblies of multiple individuals and intended to represent the broadest possible diversity within a species. A Bovine Pangenome Consortium (BPC) has recently been established to begin assembling genomes from more than 600 recognized breeds of cattle, together with other related species to provide information on ancestral alleles and haplotypes. Previously reported de novo genome assemblies for Angus, Brahman, Hereford, and Highland breeds of cattle are part of the initial BPC effort. The present report describes a complete single haplotype assembly at chromosome-scale for a fullblood Simmental cow from an F1 bison-cattle hybrid fetus by trio binning. Simmental cattle, also known as Fleckvieh due to their red and white spots, originated in central Europe in the 1830s as a triple-purpose breed selected for draught, meat, and dairy production. There are over 50 million Simmental cattle in the world, known today for their fast growth and beef yields. This assembly (ARS_Simm1.0) is similar in length to the other bovine assemblies at 2.86 Gb, with a scaffold N50 of 102 Mb (max scaffold 156.8 Mb) and meets or exceeds the continuity of the best Bos taurus reference assemblies to date.
| S-EPMC8006815 | biostudies-literature