Recapitulation of endochondral ossification by human pluripotent stem cell-derived SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA970825 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR24488206_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24488206_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24488207_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24488207_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Regeneration of human cartilage and bone remains a challenge due to the limitations from current stem cell sources. Here, we developed a four-day differentiation strategy that achieved near uniform derivation (>98.5%) of SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors from multiple human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Importantly, SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors exhibited typical bipotential of mesenchymal progenitors during skeletal development. Upon lineage-specific induction, they were able to differentiate either into chondroprogenitors that could repair articular cartilage defects and early chondrocytes that could undergo endochondral ossification for human bone formation. Furthermore, we identified ITGA9 as the specific surface marker that facilitated reporter-independent isolation of SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors and established an in vitro culture system that could expand these cells for at least 15,000-fold. Collectively, these findings highlight the SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors as a promising stem cell source for next-generation human cartilage/bone bioengineering.
2025-02-21 | GSE222109 | GEO
Project description:Regeneration of human cartilage and bone remains a challenge due to the limitations from current stem cell sources. Here, we developed a four-day differentiation strategy that achieved near uniform derivation (>98.5%) of SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitorsfrom multiple human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Importantly, SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors exhibited typical bipotential of mesenchymal progenitors during skeletal development. Upon lineage-specific induction, they were able to differentiate either into chondroprogenitors that could repair articular cartilage defects or early chondrocytes that could undergo endochondral ossification for human bone formation. Furthermore, we identified ITGA9 as the specific surface marker that facilitated reporter-independent isolation of SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors and established an in vitro culture system that could expand these cells for at least 15,000-fold . Collectively, these findings highlight the SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors a promising stem cell source for next-generation human cartilage/bone bioengineering.
2025-02-21 | GSE232109 | GEO
Project description:Recapitulation of endochondral ossification by human pluripotent stem cell-derived SOX9+ sclerotomal progenitors
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Project description:Endochondral ossification forms and grows the majority of the mammalian skeleton and is tightly controlled through gene regulatory networks. The forkhead box transcription factors Foxc1 and Foxc2 have been demonstrated to regulate aspects of osteoblast function in the formation of the skeleton but their roles in chondrocytes to control endochondral ossification are less clear. We demonstrate that Foxc1 expression is directly regulated by SOX9 activity, one of the earliest transcription factors to specify the chondrocyte lineages. Moreover we demonstrate that elevelated expression of Foxc1 promotes chondrocyte differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells and loss of Foxc1 function inhibits chondrogenesis in vitro. Using chondrocyte-targeted deletion of Foxc1 and Foxc2 in mice, we reveal a role for these factors in chondrocyte differentiation in vivo. Loss of both Foxc1 and Foxc2 caused a general skeletal dysplasia predominantly affecting the vertebral column. The long bones of the limb were smaller and mineralization was reduced and organization of the growth plate was disrupted. In particular, the stacked columnar organization of the proliferative chondrocyte layer was reduced in size and cell proliferation in growth plate chondrocytes was reduced. Differential gene expression analysis indicated disrupted expression patterns in chondrogenesis and ossification genes throughout the entire process of endochondral ossification in Col2-cre;Foxc1Δ/Δ;Foxc2Δ/Δ embryos. Our results suggest that Foxc1 and Foxc2 are required for correct chondrocyte differentiation and function. Loss of both genes results in disorganization of the growth plate, reduced chondrocyte proliferation and delays in chondrocyte hypertrophy that prevents correct ossification of the endochondral skeleton.
2021-09-08 | GSE165951 | GEO
Project description:Mesenchymal cell-derived septoclasts resorb cartilage during endochondral ossification and fracture healing
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Project description:Appendicular growth and bone mass acquisition are controlled by a variety of growth factors, hormones, and mechanical forces in a dynamic process called endochondral ossification. Chondrocytes in the growth plate must proliferate and undergo hypertrophy to drive growth plate expansion and lay the template for bone. Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and leucine rich repeat phosphatase 1 and 2 (Phlpp1 and Phlpp2) are protein phosphatases that regulate intracellular signaling cascades through posttranslational modification of AKT, PKC, and S6K, among others. Phlpp1 controls chondrocyte proliferation and survival and germline deletion of Phlpp1 suppresses bone lengthening. Here, we demonstrate that Phlpp2 does not regulate endochondral ossification. Phlpp2-/- mice are phenotypically indistinguishable from their wildtype (WT) littermates, with similar bone length, bone mass, and growth plate dynamics. By contrast, Phlpp1/2-/- mice are phenotypically indistinguishable from Phlpp1-/- mice. Deletion of Phlpp1 or Phlpp2 had moderate effects on the chondrocyte transcriptome and proteome compared to WT control cells. By contrast, Phlpp1-/- and Phlpp1/2-/- chondrocytes had significantly altered phospho-proteomes compared to WT and Phlpp2-/- chondrocytes. Data integration via multiomics analysis revealed that RAF-MEK-ERK signaling was altered in cells lacking Phlpp1. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that Phlpp1, but not Phlpp2, regulates endochondral ossification via the chondrocyte phospho-proteome.
2024-09-30 | GSE265773 | GEO
Project description:Endochondral ossification (EO) is the natural route for the regeneration of large and mechanically challenged bone defects. Regeneration occurs via a fibrocartilagenous phase which turns into bone upon vascularization and the formation of a transient collagen type X extra cellular matrix. These two critical initiator of EO are mediated by Hedgehog proteins. We investigated a tissue engineering approach using Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) as a pleiotropic factor regulating the in vitro formation of a vascularized bone tissue precursor for in vivo endochondral bone formation. The tissue engineered graft was formed using human mesenchymal stem cells and prevascularized using human umbilical vein endothelial cells. We show that Shh induced, in vitro, the maturation of the engineered vascular network along with the expression of collagen type X which resulted, in vivo, in an improved vascularization and the rapid formation of large amounts of osteoids through EO. Osteoids further matured into, currently unmatched, clinically relevant amount of lamellar bone including osteoclasts, bone lining cells and bone marrow-like cavities. This result suggests that Hh is a master regulator of EO allowing for the formation of complex tissues with considerable therapeutic potential for bone regeneration. The effect of Cyclopamine on expression of Hedgehog, angiogenesis and axon guidance marker genes was analyzed by seeding a coculture of 92% hMSCs and 8% huvEC supplemented or not in cyclopamine, for 12 days
2012-09-01 | E-GEOD-22293 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are used widely as flame retardants and plasticizers but much remains unknown about their potential toxicity. Previously, we reported that four individual OPEs suppress endochondral ossification in murine limb bud cultures. However, real-life exposure is to complex OPE mixtures. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that a Canadian household dust-based OPE mixture will affect endochondral ossification in gestation day 13 CD1 mouse embryo limb buds expressing fluorescent markers for the major cell populations involved in the process: COL2A1-ECFP (proliferative chondrocytes), COL10A1-mCherry (hypertrophic chondrocytes), and COL1A1-YFP (osteoblasts). Limbs were cultured for six days in the presence of vehicle or dilutions of the OPE mixture (1/1,000,000, 1/600,000, and 1/300,000). All three OPE mixture dilutions affected cartilage template development and the progression of endochondral ossification, as indicated by the fluorescent markers. The expression of Sox9, the master regulator of chondrogenesis, was unchanged, but the expression of Runx2 and Sp7, which drive chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteoblastogenesis, was dilution-dependently suppressed. RNA sequencing revealed that exposure to the 1/300,000 dilution of the OPE mixture for 24 h downregulated 153 transcripts and upregulated 48 others by at least 1.5-fold. Downregulated transcripts were enriched for those related to the immune system and bone formation. In contrast, upregulated transcripts were enriched for those with stress response functions known to be regulated by ATF4 activation. Thus, exposure to the mixture of OPEs commonly found in house dust may have adverse effects on bone formation.
2020-12-28 | GSE157940 | GEO
Project description:In China, the incidence of fracture non-unions is relatively high. Impaired endochondral ossification may lead to nonunion due to improper mechanical loading. As a mechanosensitive ion channel protein, Piezo1mediates mechanical transduction and induces calcium inward flow. Our early study showed that the osteogenic and angiogenic capacity of chondrocytes was reduced, if Piezo1 gene was knocked out on chondrocytes. Moreover, the expression of mitochondrion translation related gene LARS2 was signaling increased. Therefore, we hypothesize that the mechanical loading may cause endochondral ossification through the Piezo1- LARS2 signaling pathway. We will use conditioned gene knockout mice and Peizo1 knockdown stable cell line to support the hypothesis. Our goals include investigating the changes of Piezo1 expression during endochondral ossification of femoral fracture healing in mice under mechanical loading; investigating the response of Piezo1 channels on chondrocytes to mechanical stimulation and its role and mechanism in regulating chondrocyte osteogenesis and angiogenesis, maintaining the normal mitochondrial function in vitro; analysing the key molecular and signal network downstream of Piezo1 through the multi-omics techniques; and exploring the response mechanism of Piezo1 under vibrating stimulus. This project aims to study the molecular mechanism of Piezo1-mediated force-biological information transition and its role in endochondral ossification. We hope it provides an effective intervention target for preventing and treating fracture nonunion.
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Project description:Phlpp1 regulates endochondral ossification via the chondrocyte phospho-proteome
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