Project description:Background Compelling evidence indicates that Shigella species, the etiologic agents of bacillary dysentery, as well as enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, are derived from multiple origins of Escherichia coli and form a single pathovar. To further understand the genome diversity and virulence evolution of Shigella, comparative genomic hybridization microarray analysis was employed to compare the gene content of E. coli K-12 with those of 43 Shigella strains from all serotypes. Results For the 43 strains subjected to CGH microarray analyses, the common backbone of the Shigella genome was estimated to contain more than 1,900 open reading frames, with a mean number of 729 undetectable ORFs. The mosaic distribution of absent regions indicated that insertions and/or deletions have led to the highly diversified genomes of pathogenic strains. Conclusion These results support the hypothesis that by gain and loss of functions, Shigella species became successful human pathogens through convergent evolution from diverse genomic backgrounds. Moreover, we also found many specific differences between different lineages, providing a window into understanding bacterial speciation and taxonomic relationships. Keywords: comparative genomic hybridization
Project description:We evaluated the transcriptome changes induced by infection of Hela 229 cells with Shigella flexneri. The sample set consists of a control (mock), total population of infected sample and infected sample sorted into Shigella positive and Shigella negative population.
2017-04-04 | GSE75746 | GEO
Project description:Ciprofloxacin resistant Shigella in Belgium
Project description:Trained immunity is a long-term memory of innate immune cells, generating an improved response upon re-infection. Shigella is an important human pathogen and inflammatory paradigm for which there is no effective vaccine. Using zebrafish larvae we demonstrate that after Shigella priming neutrophils are more efficient at bacterial clearance. We observe that Shigella-induced protection is non-specific and long-lasting, and is unlike training by BCG and β-glucan. Analysis of histone ChIP-seq on primed neutrophils revealed that Shigella training deposits the active H3K4me3 mark on promoter regions of 1612 genes, significantly changing the epigenetic landscape of neutrophils towards enhanced microbial recognition and mitochondrial ROS production. Finally, we demonstrate that mitochondrial ROS plays a key role in enhanced antimicrobial activity of trained neutrophils. It is envisioned that signals and mechanisms we discover here can be used in other vertebrates, including humans, to suggest new therapeutic strategies involving neutrophils to control bacterial infection.
Project description:to analyse the transcriptomic response of human intestinal tissue engrafted in SCID mice to Shigella infection Keywords: infection, Shigella, gene expression, intestinal cell
Project description:In this study, we probed factors that could influence Shigella pathogenesis. We show that in basic pH conditions, deoxycholate-induced biofilm formation and virulence of Shigella are attenuated. We utilized RNA-sequencing to investigate pathways enriched in bacterial cells in biofilms.
Project description:To explore what important role of PhoPQ TCS plays in Shigella virulence, the Agilent microarray technologies was used to compare the transcriptional profiles of Shigella flexneri 2a 301 and △phoPQ mutant strains at middle-log phase (6 h) or early-stationary phase (10 h) under LB growth conditions.
Project description:Using comparative genomic hybridization we examined the genome content of 30 isolates of E. coli and Shigella to determine the relative location of E. coli isolates from the human neobladder
Project description:"Shigella spp. are the causative agents of shigellosis, which remains a major cause of death in children under the age of five. Shigellosis is marked by fever and leads to hemorrhagic diarrhea; Shigella bacteremia are reported in more severe cases. These clinical features strongly suggest that Shigella survive to plasma exposure, although it has not been previously investigated at a molecular level. In this report, we confirmed in a guinea pig model of shigellosis that local hemorrhages were induced by S. flexneri 5a and S. sonnei and we demonstrated that Shigella reached CD31+/CD34+ blood vessels within the mucosa during late infection stage and further disseminated in the blood circulation. These results confirmed the exposition of Shigella to plasma components during its virulence cycle, from the hemorrhagic colonic mucosa to the blood circulation. We demonstrated that all tested Shigella strains survived to plasma exposure in vitro and we have shown that Serine Protease Autrotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) are essential for Shigella dissemination within the colonic mucosa and in the blood circulation. We confirmed that SPATEs were expressed and secreted within poorly oxygenated environments encountered by Shigella from hypoxic foci of infection to the blood circulation. We have further demonstrated that SPATEs promoted the survival of Shigella to plasma exposure, by cleaving the complement 3 component (C3), hence impairing the complement system activation."