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The transcriptional landscape of microspore embryogenesis induction in barley

ABSTRACT: The transcriptional landscape of microspore embryogenesis induction in barley

PROVIDER: PRJNA976339 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR24741400_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24741400_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24741401_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24741401_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24741402_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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The transcriptional landscape of microspore embryogenesis induction in barley

Project description:The effectiveness of microspore embryogenesis and plant formation from in vitro cultivated microspores is determined by a complex network of internal and environmental factors. Plant breeding and genetic engineering widely use haploids/doubled haploids (DHs) derived from in vitro-cultured microspores, but the mechanism of ME induction remains poorly defined. Here, RNA-sequencing was used to characterize the transcriptional landscapes of four early stages of ME in two barley cultivars (Golden Promise and Igri) that are contrastingly responsive in the microspore-derived plant formation. Our experimental setup revealed fundamental regulatory networks, key marker genes of ME (628 stage-specific markers), and 160 candidate genes crucial for genotype-dependent responsiveness/resistance to ME. We found that transcription factors probably give rise to embryo-like structure and callus formation at stage III and determine their further development. Our high-resolution temporal transcriptome atlas provides an important resource for future functional studies aiming at unravelling the genetic control of microspore transition.

2024-12-29 | GSE233486 | GEO

High throughput expression profiling of induction of microspore reprogramming to embryogenesis in Brassica napus L. [dataset 1]

Project description:Microspore embryogenesis is an in vitro system in which haploid microspores (precursor celsl of pollen grains) are reprogrammed towards embryogenesis by the application of a heat stress (HS) treatment. This process is of great interest in plant breeding as it enables accelerated production of double-haploid plants. The induction of in vitro microspore reprogramming comprises a complex chain of events that still remain unknown. The process can be induced at the responsive developmental stage of vacuolated microspore. In order to evaluate the transcriptional changes acompaying microspore embryogenesis induction in Brassica napus, an expression profiling through high throughput RNA sequencing, and a pipeline for bioinformatic analysis was performed. The analyses have been implemented for two samples: (1) vacuolated microspores (VM), before stress treatment, initial stage of the microspore culture, and (2) stress-treated microspores, 4 days after the application of the HS, when proembryos (PE) are formed; PE correspond to the first morphological sign of embryogenesis induction. The results obtained would provide valuable information about this complex process.

2025-06-17 | GSE281890 | GEO

Tobacco microspore embryogenesis

Project description:Transcriptome profiling of heat-induced tobacco microspore reprogramming and embryogenesis

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High throughput expression profiling of induction of microspore reprogramming to embryogenesis in Brassica napus L. [dataset 1]

Project description:High throughput expression profiling of induction of microspore reprogramming to embryogenesis in Brassica napus L. [dataset 1]

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Impact of Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle Components on the Effectiveness of Embryogenesis Induction in Isolated Microspore Cultures of Barley and Triticale.

Project description:Enhanced antioxidant defence plays an essential role in plant survival under stress conditions. However, excessive antioxidant activity sometimes suppresses the signal necessary for the initiation of the desired biological reactions. One such example is microspore embryogenesis (ME)-a process of embryo-like structure formation triggered by stress in immature male gametophytes. The study focused on the role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defence in triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) microspore reprogramming. ME was induced through various stress treatments of tillers and its effectiveness was analysed in terms of ascorbate and glutathione contents, total activity of low molecular weight antioxidants and activities of glutathione-ascorbate cycle enzymes. The most effective treatment for both species was a combination of low temperature and exogenous application of 0.3 M mannitol, with or without 0.3 mM reduced glutathione. The applied treatments induced genotype-specific defence responses. In triticale, both ascorbate and glutathione were associated with ME induction, though the role of glutathione did not seem to be related to its function as a reducing agent. In barley, effective ME was accompanied by an accumulation of ascorbate and high activity of enzymes regulating its redox status, without direct relation to glutathione content.

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New Prospects for Improving Microspore Embryogenesis Induction in Highly Recalcitrant Winter Wheat Lines

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC10857491 | biostudies-literature

Hormonal requirements for effective induction of microspore embryogenesis in triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm.) anther cultures.

Project description:Key messageEffective microspore embryogenesis in triticale is determined by a specific hormonal homeostasis: low value of IAA/cytokinins, IAA/ABA and cytokinins/ABA ratios as well as proper endogenous/exogenous auxin balance, which favours androgenic structure formation and green plant regeneration ability. The concentration of plant growth regulators (PGRs): auxins (Auxs), cytokinins (CKs) and abscisic acid (ABA) was measured in anthers of eight DH lines of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm.), and associated with microspore embryogenesis (ME) responsiveness. The analysis was conducted on anthers excised from control tillers at the phase optimal for ME induction and then after ME-initiating tillers treatment (21 days at 4 °C). In control, IAA predominated among Auxs (11-39 nmol g(-1) DW), with IBA constituting only 1 % of total Auxs content. The prevailing isoforms of CKs were cis isomers of zeatin (121-424 pmol g(-1) DW) and zeatin ryboside (cZR, 146-432 pmol g(-1) DW). Surprisingly, a relatively high level (10-64 pmol g(-1) DW) of kinetin (KIN) was detected. Cold treatment significantly changed the levels of all analysed PGRs. The anthers of 'responsive' DH lines contained higher concentrations of IBA, cis and trans zeatin, cZR and ABA, and lower amount of IAA and KIN in comparison with 'recalcitrant' genotypes. However, the effects of exogenous ABA, p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid treatments suggest that none of the studied PGRs acts alone in the acquisition of embryogenic competency, which seems to be an effect of concerted PGRs crosstalk. The initiation of ME required a certain threshold level of ABA. A crucial prerequisite for high ME effectiveness was a specific PGRs homeostasis: lower Auxs level in comparison with CKs and ABA, and lower CKs/ABA ratio. A proper balance between endogenous Auxs in anthers and exogenous Auxs supplied by culture media was also essential.

| S-EPMC4282712 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptome analysis of barley anthers: effect of mannitol treatment on microspore embryogenesis

Project description:we analyzed the anther transcriptome before and after 4 days of mannitol treatment using the 22k Barley1 GeneChip Keywords: stress response

2009-04-29 | GSE10330 | GEO

Dynamic Transcriptional and Chromatin Accessibility Landscape of Medaka Embryogenesis

Project description:Dynamic Transcriptional and Chromatin Accessibility Landscape of Medaka Embryogenesis

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Autophagy is activated and involved in cell death with participation of cathepsins during stress-induced microspore embryogenesis in barley.

Project description:Microspores are reprogrammed towards embryogenesis by stress. Many microspores die after this stress, limiting the efficiency of microspore embryogenesis. Autophagy is a degradation pathway that plays critical roles in stress response and cell death. In animals, cathepsins have an integral role in autophagy by degrading autophagic material; less is known in plants. Plant cathepsins are papain-like C1A cysteine proteases involved in many physiological processes, including programmed cell death. We have analysed the involvement of autophagy in cell death, in relation to cathepsin activation, during stress-induced microspore embryogenesis in Hordeum vulgare. After stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death increased and autophagy was activated, including HvATG5 and HvATG6 up-regulation and increase of ATG5, ATG8, and autophagosomes. Concomitantly, cathepsin L/F-, B-, and H-like activities were induced, cathepsin-like genes HvPap-1 and HvPap-6 were up-regulated, and HvPap-1, HvPap-6, and HvPap-19 proteins increased and localized in the cytoplasm, resembling autophagy structures. Inhibitors of autophagy and cysteine proteases reduced cell death and promoted embryogenesis. The findings reveal a role for autophagy in stress-induced cell death during microspore embryogenesis, and the participation of cathepsins. Similar patterns of activation, expression, and localization suggest a possible connection between cathepsins and autophagy. The results open up new possibilities to enhance microspore embryogenesis efficiency with autophagy and/or cysteine protease modulators.

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