Project description:Endogenous TFEB occupancy in human pancreatic beta cells undergoing nutrients depletion was evaluated using ChIPseq analysis to identify bona-fide TFEB targets
Project description:We report the actively transcribed chromatin regions in EndoC-βH1 Cells that are associated with histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation mark.
Project description:To investigate the glucocorticoid-mediated transcriptomic changes in human pancreatic islets and the human insulin-secreting EndoC-βH1 cells in order to uncover genes and molecular pathways involved in β-cell steroid stress-response processes.
Project description:EndoC-βH1 is emerging as a critical human β cell model to study the genetic and environmental etiologies of β cell (dys)function and diabetes. Comprehensive knowledge of its molecular landscape is lacking, yet required, for effective use of this model. Here, we report chromosomal (spectral karyotyping), genetic (genotyping), epigenomic (ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq), chromatin interaction (Hi-C and Pol2 ChIA-PET), and transcriptomic (RNA-seq and miRNA-seq) maps of EndoC-βH1. Analyses of these maps define known (e.g., PDX1 and ISL1) and putative (e.g., PCSK1 and mir-375) β cell-specific transcriptional cis-regulatory networks and identify allelic effects on cis-regulatory element use. Importantly, comparison with maps generated in primary human islets and/or β cells indicates preservation of chromatin looping but also highlights chromosomal aberrations and fetal genomic signatures in EndoC-βH1. Together, these maps, and a web application we created for their exploration, provide important tools for the design of experiments to probe and manipulate the genetic programs governing β cell identity and (dys)function in diabetes.
Project description:We have developped a novel human pancreatic beta cell line: EndoC-βH5. EndoC-βH5 cells are ready-to-use and storable cells with physiological insulin secretion. EndoC-βH5 cells were generated by integrative gene transfer of immortalizing transgenes hTERT and SV40 large T along with Herpes Simplex Virus-1 thymidine kinase into human fetal pancreas. Immortalizing transgenes were removed after amplification using CRE activation and remaining non-excized cells eliminated using ganciclovir. Resulting cells were distributed as ready to use EndoC-βH5 cells. We performed comparative transcriptome analysis with EndoC-βH1 cells , extensive functional and immunological assays. RNA-seq confirmed abundant expression of beta cell transcription factors and functional markers, including incretin receptors.
Project description:How cells coordinate the response to fluctuating carbon and nitrogen availability required to maintain effective homeostasis is a key issue. Amino acid limitation that inactivates mTORC1 promotes de-phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Transcription Factor EB (TFEB), a key transcriptional regulator of lysosome biogenesis and autophagy that is deregulated in cancer and neurodegeneration. Beyond its cytoplasmic sequestration, how TFEB phosphorylation regulates its nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling, and whether TFEB can coordinate amino acid supply with glucose availability is poorly understood. Here we show that TFEB phosphorylation on S142 primes for GSK3 phosphorylation on S138, and that phosphorylation of both sites but not either alone activates a previously unrecognised nuclear export signal (NES). Importantly, GSK3 is inactivated by AKT in response to mTORC2 signalling triggered by glucose limitation. Remarkably therefore, the TFEB NES integrates carbon (glucose) and nitrogen (amino acid) availability by controlling TFEB flux through a nuclear import-export cycle.
Project description:We used an in vitro model to study the paracrine effect of stromal cells isolated from omental adipose tissue at different stages of differentiation and inflammation on the beta cell lines EndoC-βH1 through the use of conditioned media. We show that the expression of beta cells markers decreased and dedifferentiation markers increased when beta cells were cultured in conditioned medium derived from omental stromal cells. We report that stromal cells with a high pro-inflammatory profile had the most severe impact. By using RNAseq, we showed the stimulation of several signaling pathways such as STAT3, SMAD2 and RELA, as well as the downregulation of genes involved in lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis.