Project description:Under physiological conditions, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are present simultaneously in the extracellular compartment together with cytokines. Thus, we hypothesized that EVs in combination with cytokines induce different responses of monocyte cells compared to EVs or cytokines alone. Human monocyte U937 cells were incubated with EV-containing or EV-free CCRF human T-cell supernatant, with or without the addition of TNF. U937 cells cultured in EV-free supernatant, supernatant containing CCRF t-cell derived EVs, TNF or both. Each treatment option was measured in 3 replicates.
Project description:Transcriptional comparison of B16F10 cells with B16F10 cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to identify transcripts enriched or de-enriched in EVs compared to their donor cells.
Project description:In order to investigate the function and mechanism of HemSC-EVs, we performed RNA-seq of HemSC-EVs which were extracted from cell culture supernatant of HemSC.
Project description:Healthy brain function is mediated by several complementary signalling pathways, many of which are driven by extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are heterogeneous in both size and cargo and are constitutively released from cells into the extracellular milieu. They are subsequently trafficked to recipient cells, whereupon their entry can modify the cellular phenotype. Here, in order to further analyse the mRNA and protein cargo of neuronal EVs, we isolated EVs by size exclusion chromatography from human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons. Electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering revealed that the isolated EVs had a diameter of 30-100 nm. Transcriptomic and proteomics analyses of the EVs and neurons identified key molecules enriched in the EVs involved in cell surface interaction (integrins and collagens), internalisation pathways (clathrin- and caveolin-dependent), downstream signalling pathways (phospholipases, integrin-linked kinase and MAPKs), and long-term impacts on cellular development and maintenance. Overall, we show that key signalling networks and mechanisms are enriched in EVs isolated from human iPSC-derived neurons.
Project description:To further investigate the molecular mechanisms by which EVs mediated the abnormal localization of tight junction proteins and adherence junction protein, we performed miRNA microarray analysis of extracellular vesicles isolated from breast cancer cells. miRNA expression in extracellular vesicles was collected from MDA-MB-231-D3H1, MDA-MB-231-D3H2LN, BMD2a and BMD2b breast cancer cell lines.
Project description:Human bone marrow-derived MSCs were stimulated with Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from healthy individuals or patients with ARDS, Cystic Fibrosis, Cystic Fibrosis positive for Aspergillus or untreated untreated MSC. Extracellular vesicles were isolated from MSC conditioned medium following minimal experimental requirements for definition of extracellular vesicles and their functions: a position statement from the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (J Extracell Vesicles. 2014 Dec 22:3:26913. doi: 10.3402/jev.v3.26913. eCollection 2014). In Phase 1 of this study, differential expression as well as discriminant analysis was used to identify 14 microRNAs that were differentially expressed in MSC-derived EVs from MSCs exposed to BALF from ARDS patients compared to healthy controls. The effect of EVs on cellular physiology and was demonstrated in vitro by demonstration that wwo miRNAs involved in regulation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), miRNA-145-5p and miRNA-138-5p, were also significantly increased in ARDS BALF-exposed hMSCs EVs. Functionally, EVs from hMSCs exposed to either ARDS or HV BALF had differential on CFTR Cl- secretion by cultured primary human bronchial epithelial cells, an effect predicted to reduce mucociliary clearance.
Project description:The vascular wall from diverse human organs is a source of mesenchymal progenitor cells that are able to induce skeletal repair, primarily by paracrine mechanisms. To investigate these paracrine mechanisms, FACS purified human perivascular stem cells (PSC) were observed to induce mitogenic, pro-migratory, and pro-osteogenic effects on osteoprogenitor cells while in non-contact co-culture, and did so via elaboration of extracellular vesicles (EVs). PSC-derived EVs shared mitogenic, pro-migratory, and pro-osteogenic properties of their parent cell. EVs represent a mixture of protein, lipid, and RNA that may affect cellular processes of the recipient cell. To begin to examine this, the RNA content of PSC-EVs was examined in comparison to the parent cell using total RNA sequencing.
Project description:Recently, extracellular vesicles, nanoparticles able to transfer functionally active cargo between cells, have emerged as important players in cell–cell communication, and as such, they have gained great attention over the past decade also in reproductive biology. To get a broader picture of transcriptomic changes evoked by extracellular vesicles cells in porcine conceptuses, trophoblast primary cells were exposed in vitro to uterine-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs).
Project description:RNA-seq was performed on cultured human induced pluripotent cell derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). There are four groups, with three samples per group: H1,H2,H3. Negative control. Healthy, normoxic iPSC-CMs D1,D2,D3. Positive control. iPSCs cultured under hypoxic (0-1% O2) for 48h with 2% v/v PBS as vehicle control EV1,EV2,EV3. Treatment 1. iPSCs cultured under hypoxic (0-1% O2) for 48h, with cardiac stromal cell derived extracellular vesicles, provided at a dose of 67ng/µl (2% v/v) EV21, EV23, EV24. Treatment 2 iPSCs cultured under hypoxic (0-1% O2) for 48h, with bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) derived extracellular vesicles, provided at a dose of 67ng/µl (2% v/v) All EVs were isolated from cultured human cells using sequential centrifugation methods. Cells were cultured using commercial EV-depleted FBS to avoid contamination of bovine EVs. EVs were validated for CD81, CD9, ALIX positivity, and visualised by cryoEM. Particle to protein ratios were not different between cardiac and bone marrow EV isolates. Therefore EV doses were standardised so that the same dose by protein (67ng/µl) and EV number (~2,000 EVs per iPSC-CM) were added.