ATG conjugation system -dependent and -independent mechanisms underlie lysosomal stress-induced TFEB regulation
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA985714 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Transcription factor EB (TFEB), well characterized as a master regulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis, is translocated to the nucleus and activated by varieties of cellular stresses including starvation and lysosomal damage. However, compared to the starvation condition, the molecular mechanism of TFEB activation by other stress conditions is poorly understood. Previously, we have shown that TFEB activation during lysosomal damage but not starvation condition depends on a subset of autophagy regulators, collectively called ATG conjugation system, whose function is essential for the lipidation of ATG8 proteins. In this study, by time-lapse imaging, we newly identified the presence of ATG conjugation system -independent TFEB regulation which precedes the ATG conjugation system-dependent regulation, designated mode I and mode II, respectively. Consistent with the presence of different modes, our time course transcriptome analysis revealed two different sets of TFEB downstream. Comprehensive interactome analysis of TFEB and subsequent functional screening identified unique regulars of TFEB in each mode: APEX1 for Mode I and CCT7 and/or TRIP6 for Mode II, respectively. APEX1 interacted with TFEB and was required for its protein stability in a manner independent of ATG conjugation system. On the other hand, both CCT7 and TRIP6 were accumulated on lysosomes during lysosomal damage and interacted with TFEB mainly in ATG conjugation system deficient cells, presumably blocking TFEB nuclear translocation. Moreover, we further revealed that TFEB regulatory mechanisms by other cellular stresses such as oxidative stress, proteasome inhibition, mitochondria depolarization, and DNA damage can be classified into either APEX1-mediated Mode I or TRIP6-mediated Mode II. Our results pave the way for a unified understanding TFEB regulatory mechanisms from the perspective of ATG conjugation system under varieties of cellular stresses.
2025-01-31 | GSE235340 | GEO
Project description:Cells respond to mitochondrial energetic stress with rapid activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which acutely inhibits anabolism and stimulates catabolism. AMPK also induces sustained transcriptional reprogramming of metabolism. The TFEB transcription factor is a major effector of AMPK signals, inducing lysosome genes following energetic stress. Yet the molecular mechanism underlying how AMPK activates TFEB remains unresolved. We demonstrate here that AMPK directly phosphorylates five conserved serine residues in FNIP1, which suppresses the function of the FLCN/FNIP1 RagC GAP complex, in turn controlling TFEB lysosomal localization. We demonstrate that FNIP1 phosphorylation is required for AMPK to induce nuclear translocation of TFEB, which is fully separable from AMPK control of canonical mTORC1 signaling. Using a non-phosphorylatable allele of FNIP1, we show that in parallel to lysosomal biogenesis, AMPK induces mitochondrial biogenesis via TFEB-dependent induction of PGC1a mRNA. This signaling from mitochondrial stress is also independent of amino-acid control of the Rags and TFEB, which still proceed normally in cells bearing the AMPK-non phosphorylatable allele of FNIP1. Taken together, mitochondrial energetic stress triggers AMPK/FNIP1-dependent TFEB nuclear translocation, inducing transcriptional waves of lysosomal and mitochondrial biogenesis.
2023-05-08 | GSE218827 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial and lysosomal functions are intimately linked and are critical for cellular homeostasis, as evidenced by the fact that cellular senescence, aging, and multiple prominent diseases are associated with concomitant dysfunction of both organelles. However, it is not well understood how the two important organelles are regulated. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is the master regulator of lysosomal function and is also implicated in regulating mitochondrial function; however, the mechanism underlying the maintenance of both organelles remains to be fully elucidated. Here, by comprehensive transcriptome analysis and subsequent chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP)-quantitative PCR (qPCR), we identified hexokinase domain containing 1 (HKDC1), which is known to function in the glycolysis pathway as a direct TFEB target. Moreover, HKDC1 was upregulated in both mitochondrial and lysosomal stress in a TFEB-dependent manner, and its function was critical for the maintenance of both organelles under stress conditions. Mechanistically, the TFEB–HKDC1 axis was essential for PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy via its initial step, PINK1 stabilization. In addition, the functions of HKDC1 and voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs), with which HKDC1 interacts, were essential for the clearance of damaged lysosomes and mitochondria-lysosome contact.Interestingly, the kinase regulated mitophagy and lysosomal repair independently from its function in glycolysis. Furthermore, loss function of HKDC1 accelerated DNA damage–induced cellular senescence with the accumulation of hyperfused mitochondria and damaged lysosomes. Our results show that HKDC1, a novel factor downstream of TFEB, maintains both mitochondrial and lysosomal homeostasis, which is critical to prevent cellular senescence.
2024-01-31 | GSE226743 | GEO
Project description:Under homeostatic conditions, NRF2 is repressed by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). Here, we demonstrate that Keap1 deficiency induces Nrf2 activation and post-developmental lethality in zebrafish larvae. Loss of viability is preceded by severe liver abnormalities characterized by an accumulation of lysosomes. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that loss of Keap1 promotes aberrant activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB)/transcription factor binding to IGHM Enhancer 3 (TFE3)-dependent lysosomal biogenesis. Importantly, we find that NRF2-dependent regulation of lysosomal biogenesis is cell autonomous and evolutionarily conserved.
2023-04-30 | GSE230610 | GEO
Project description:Under homeostatic conditions, NRF2 is repressed by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). Here, we demonstrate that Keap1 deficiency induces Nrf2 activation and post-developmental lethality in zebrafish larvae. Loss of viability is preceded by severe liver abnormalities characterized by an accumulation of lysosomes. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that loss of Keap1 promotes aberrant activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB)/transcription factor binding to IGHM Enhancer 3 (TFE3)-dependent lysosomal biogenesis. Importantly, we find that NRF2-dependent regulation of lysosomal biogenesis is cell autonomous and evolutionarily conserved.
2023-04-30 | GSE230607 | GEO
Project description:Because injured mitochondria can accelerate cell death through the elaboration of oxidative free radicals and other mediators, it is somewhat paradoxical that proliferator gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1a), a stimulator of increased mitochondrial abundance, protects stressed renal cells instead of potentiating injury. Here we report that PGC1a’s induction of lysosomes via transcription factor EB (TFEB) may be pivotal for kidney protection. CRISPR and stable gene transfer showed that PGC1a knockout tubular cells were sensitized to the genotoxic stressor cisplatin whereas transgenic cells were protected. The biosensor mtKeima unexpectedly revealed that cisplatin blunts mitophagy both in cells and mice. PGC1a not only counteracted this effect but also raised basal mitophagy, as did the downstream mediator nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). PGC1a did not consistent affect known autophagy pathways modulated by cisplatin. Instead RNA sequencing identified coordinated regulation of lysosomal biogenesis via TFEB. This effector pathway was sufficiently important that inhibition of TFEB or lysosomes unveiled a striking harmful effect of excess PGC1a in cells and conditional mice. These results uncover an unexpected effect of cisplatin on mitophagy and PGC1a’s exquisite reliance on lysosomes for kidney protection. Finally, the data illuminate TFEB as a novel target for renal tubular stress resistance.
2019-06-10 | GSE126259 | GEO
Project description:Under homeostatic conditions, NRF2 is repressed by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). Here, we demonstrate that Keap1 deficiency induces Nrf2 activation and post-developmental lethality in zebrafish larvae. Loss of viability is preceded by severe liver abnormalities characterized by an accumulation of lysosomes. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that loss of Keap1 promotes aberrant activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB)/transcription factor binding to IGHM Enhancer 3 (TFE3)-dependent lysosomal biogenesis. Importantly, we find that NRF2-dependent regulation of lysosomal biogenesis is cell autonomous and evolutionarily conserved.
2023-04-30 | GSE230609 | GEO
Project description:Under homeostatic conditions, NRF2 is repressed by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). Here, we demonstrate that Keap1 deficiency induces Nrf2 activation and post-developmental lethality in zebrafish larvae. Loss of viability is preceded by severe liver abnormalities characterized by an accumulation of lysosomes. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that loss of Keap1 promotes aberrant activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB)/transcription factor binding to IGHM Enhancer 3 (TFE3)-dependent lysosomal biogenesis. Importantly, we find that NRF2-dependent regulation of lysosomal biogenesis is cell autonomous and evolutionarily conserved.
2023-04-30 | GSE230608 | GEO
Project description:Within the endolysosomal pathway in mammalian cells, ESCRT complexes facilitate degradation of membrane proteins from limiting membranes of late endosomes. Recent studies revealed that yeast ESCRT proteins also sort for degradation, ubiquitinated proteins from vacuolar membrane. However, whether mammalian ESCRTs perform similar function at lysosomes remained unknown. Here, we studied the involvement of mammalian ESCRT-I in maintaining lysosomal membrane homeostasis and its implication in lysosome-related signaling. We show that ESCRT-I restricts the size of lysosomes and promotes degradation of lysosomal Ca2+ channel, MCOLN1 protein. ESCRT-I depletion induced transcriptional response related to MiT-TFE signaling and cholesterol biosynthesis, pointing to lysosomal dysfunction. The lack of ESCRT-I promoted abnormal cholesterol accumulation on lysosomes and activated TFEB/TFE3 transcription factors in Ca2+-MCOLN1-dependent, but lipid-independent manner. Hence, our study provides evidence that ESCRT-I maintains lysosomal homeostasis and elucidates MiT-TFE regulatory mechanism activated in response to ESCRT-I deprivation
2022-03-28 | GSE178665 | GEO
Project description:The transcription factors TFEB and TFE3 orchestrate the cellular response to a variety of stressors, including nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, and pathogens. Here we describe a novel interaction between TFEB/TFE3 and FACT, a heterodimeric histone chaperone consisting of SSRP1 and SPT16 that mediates nucleosome disassembly and assembly, thus facilitating transcription. Extracellular stimuli, such as nutrient deprivation or oxidative stress, induce nuclear translocation and activation of TFEB and TFE3, which then associate with the FACT complex to regulate stress-induced gene transcription. Depletion of FACT does not affect TFEB activation, stability, or binding to the promoter of target genes. In contrast, reduction of FACT levels by siRNA or treatment with the FACT inhibitor curaxin, severely impair induction of numerous antioxidant and lysosomal genes, revealing a crucial role of FACT as a regulator of cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, upregulation of antioxidant genes induced by TFEB over-expression is significantly reduced by curaxin, consistent with a role of FACT as a TFEB transcriptional activator. Together, our data show that chromatin remodeling at the promoter of stress-responsive genes by FACT is important for efficient expression of TFEB/TFE3 targets, thus providing a link between environmental changes, chromatin modifications and transcriptional regulation.
2022-04-21 | GSE180322 | GEO