Primary Cilia-Mediated Regulation of Microglial Secretion in Alzheimer's Disease
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PROVIDER: PRJNA996596 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Proteomic approaches revealed that primary cilia, small hair-like structures found on cells, played a role in the regulation of microglial secretory function. Notably, primary cilia were transiently observed in less than 10% of microglia, and their presence was significantly reduced in microglia from Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. We observed significant changes in the expression and distribution of secretomes after inhibiting the primary cilia gene intraflagellar transport particle 88 (Ift88) in microglia. Intriguingly, inhibiting primary cilia in the SEM of AD mice resulted in the expansion of extracellular amyloid plaques and damage to adjacent neurites. These results indicate that DAM-like microglia are present in the septumLS, a critical target region for hippocampal nerve bundles, and that the primary ciliary signaling system regulates microglial secretion, affecting extracellular proteostasis. Age-related primary ciliopathy probably contributes to the selective sensitivity of microglia, thereby exacerbating AD. To elucidate the dynamic changes in microglial proteomics resulting from silenced Ift88 and Aβ treatment, we performed an analysis of BV2 cell lysates and extracellular vesicles (EVs) by downregulating Ift88 expression. To investigate the specific proteomic alterations in EVs associated with CD63 and CD81, we conducted a proteomic characterization of CD63- or CD81-bound EVs in the lysate and EVs secreted from BV2 cells transfected with siIft88 and treated with Aβ, utilizing co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) with anti-CD63 or anti-CD81 antibodies.
2024-01-26 | PXD043328 | Pride
Project description:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a brain disorder manifested by a gradual decline in cognitive function due to the accumulation of extracellular amyloid plaques, disruptions in neuronal substance transport, and the degeneration of neurons. In affected neurons, incomplete clearance of toxic proteins by neighboring microglia leads to irreversible brain inflammation, for which cellular signaling is poorly understood. Through single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we discovered distinct regional differences in the ability of microglia to clear damaged neurites. Specifically, microglia in the septal region of wild type mice exhibited a transcriptomic signature resembling disease-associated microglia (DAM). These Lateral septum (LS)-enriched microglia (SEM) were associated with dense axonal bundles originating from the hippocampus. Further transcriptomic and proteomic approaches revealed that primary cilia, small hair-like structures found on cells, played a role in the regulation of microglial secretory function. Notably, primary cilia were transiently observed in less than 10% of microglia, and their presence was significantly reduced in microglia from AD mice. We observed significant changes in the expression and distribution of the secretome after inhibiting the primary cilia gene intraflagellar transport particle 88 (Ift88) in microglia. Intriguingly, inhibiting primary cilia in the SEM of AD mice resulted in the expansion of extracellular amyloid plaques and damage to adjacent neurites. These results indicate that DAM-like microglia are present in the LS, a critical target region for hippocampal nerve bundles, and that the primary ciliary signaling system regulates microglial secretion, affecting extracellular proteostasis. Age-related primary ciliopathy probably contributes to the selective sensitivity of microglia, thereby exacerbating AD. Targeting the primary ciliary signaling system could therefore be a viable strategy for modulating neuroimmune responses in AD treatments.
2023-12-01 | GSE237776 | GEO
Project description:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a brain disorder manifested by a gradual decline in cognitive function due to the accumulation of extracellular amyloid plaques, disruptions in neuronal substance transport, and the degeneration of neurons. In affected neurons, incomplete clearance of toxic proteins by neighboring microglia leads to irreversible brain inflammation, for which cellular signaling is poorly understood. Through single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we discovered distinct regional differences in the ability of microglia to clear damaged neurites. Specifically, microglia in the septal region of wild type mice exhibited a transcriptomic signature resembling disease-associated microglia (DAM). These lateral septum (LS)-enriched microglia were associated with dense axonal bundles originating from the hippocampus. Further transcriptomic and proteomic approaches revealed that primary cilia, small hair-like structures found on cells, played a role in the regulation of microglial secretory function. Notably, primary cilia were transiently observed in microglia, and their presence was significantly reduced in microglia from AD mice. We observed significant changes in the secretion and proteomic profiles of the secretome after inhibiting the primary cilia gene intraflagellar transport particle 88 (Ift88) in microglia. Intriguingly, inhibiting primary cilia in the septal microglia of AD mice resulted in the expansion of extracellular amyloid plaques and damage to adjacent neurites. These results indicate that DAM-like microglia are present in the LS, a critical target region for hippocampal nerve bundles, and that the primary ciliary signaling system regulates microglial secretion, affecting extracellular proteostasis. Age-related primary ciliopathy probably contributes to the selective sensitivity of microglia, thereby exacerbating AD. Targeting the primary ciliary signaling system could therefore be a viable strategy for modulating neuroimmune responses in AD treatments.
| S-EPMC10627801 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Human Microglial State Dynamics in Alzheimer's Disease Progression
| PRJNA944174 | ENA
Project description:Human Microglial State Dynamics in Alzheimer's Disease Progression [scRNA-seq]
| PRJNA944177 | ENA
Project description:Human Microglial State Dynamics in Alzheimer's Disease Progression [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA944178 | ENA
Project description:Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although microglia in aging and neurodegenerative disease model mice show a loss of homeostatic phenotype and activation of disease-associated microglia (DAM), a correlation between those phenotypes and the degree of neuronal cell loss has not been clarified. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of microglia isolated from three representative neurodegenerative mouse models, AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F with amyloid pathology, rTg4510 with tauopathy, and SOD1G93A with motor neuron disease by magnetic activated cell sorting. In parallel, gene expression patterns of the human precuneus with early Alzheimer's change (n=11) and control brain (n=14) were also analyzed by RNA sequencing. We found that a substantial reduction of homeostatic microglial genes in rTg4510 and SOD1G93A microglia, whereas DAM genes were uniformly upregulated in all mouse models. The reduction of homeostatic microglial genes was correlated with the degree of neuronal cell loss. In human precuneus with early AD pathology, reduced expression of genes related to microglia- and oligodendrocyte-specific markers was observed, although the expression of DAM genes was not upregulated. Our results implicate a loss of homeostatic microglial function in the progression of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, analyses of human precuneus also suggest loss of microglia and oligodendrocyte functions induced by early amyloid pathology in human.
2023-07-09 | GSE236268 | GEO
Project description:Background: Whereas cilia damage and reduced cilia beat frequency have been implicated as causative of reduced mucociliary clearance in smokers, theoretically mucociliary clearance could also be affected by cilia length. Based on models of mucociliary clearance predicting cilia length must exceed the 6 -7 μm airway surface fluid depth to generate force in the mucus layer, we hypothesized cilia height may be decreased in airway epithelium of normal smokers compared to nonsmokers. Methodology/Principal Findings: Cilia length in normal nonsmokers and smokers was evaluated in aldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded endobronchial biopsies, and air-dried and hydrated samples brushed from human airway epithelium via fiberoptic bronchoscopy. In 28 endobronchial biopsies, healthy smoker cilia length was reduced 15% compared to nonsmokers (p<0.05). In 47 air-dried samples of airway epithelial cells, smoker cilia length was reduced 13% compared to nonsmokers (p<0.0001). Analysis of the length of individual, detached cilia in 17 samples, smoker cilia length was reduced 9% compared to nonsmokers (p<0.05). Finally, in 16 fully hydrated, unfixed samples, smoker cilia length was reduced 7% compared to nonsmokers (p<0.05). Conclusions/significance: Models predict that a reduction in cilia length would reduce mucociliary clearance, suggesting that smoking-associated shorter airway epithelial cilia plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of smoking-induced lung disease.
2012-12-13 | E-GEOD-16696 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This dataset allows for the exploration of the effect of microglial-expressed Apoe knockout in a 5xFAD Alzheimer's Disease model.
2021-10-15 | GSE185622 | GEO
Project description:The primary cilium, a signaling organelle projecting from the surface of a cell, controls cellular physiology and behavior. The presence or absence of primary cilia is a distinctive feature of a given tumor type; however, whether and how the primary cilium contributes to tumorigenesis is unknown for most tumors. Medulloblastoma (MB) is a common pediatric brain cancer comprising four groups: SHH, WNT, group 3 (G3), and group 4 (G4). From 111 cases of MB, we show that primary cilia are abundant in SHH and WNT MBs but rare in G3 and G4 MBs. Using WNT and G3 MB mouse models, we show that primary cilia promote WNT MB by facilitating translation of mRNA encoding β-catenin, a major oncoprotein driving WNT MB, whereas cilium loss promotes G3 MB by disrupting cell cycle control and destabilizing the genome. Our findings reveal tumor type–specific ciliary functions and underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, we expand the function of primary cilia to translation control and reveal a molecular mechanism by which cilia regulate cell cycle progression, providing new frameworks for studying cilia function in normal and pathologic conditions.
2022-07-04 | GSE207008 | GEO